or.

r* •% '

*%:* \ *,

f.v*,

•

ANNALS

OF THK

LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

or

NEW-YORK

VOLUME IV.

NEW-YORK:

PUBLISHED FOR THE LYCEUM BY STANFORD AND SWORDS.

139, BROADWAY.

1848.

• /v br aP

PRINTED BV JOHN R. MOOWK,

106, Fulton-etreet.

OFFICERS OF THE LYCEUM FOR 1848-49

PRESIDENT.

JOSEPH DELAFIELD.

VICE-PRESIDENTS.

JOHN LE CONTE, WM. C. REDFIELD

CORRESPONDING SECRETARY.

JOHN H. REDFIELD.

RECORDING SECRETARY.

[: ROBERT H. BROWNE.

TREASURER.

CHARLES M. WHEATLEY.

LIBRARIAN.

ROBERT H. BROWNE.

CURATORS.

B. W. BUDD, M. D., R. H. BROWNE,

J. G. BELL, J. C. BREVOORT.

W. GIBBS, M. D.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME FOURTH.

BY WILLIAM COOPER. Page.

Description of five species of Vespertilio 53

On two species of Molossus 64

(tn two >j.ccicbi of Plecolus "1

BY ISAACHAR COZZENS.

Description of three new fossils 157

BY H. B. CROOM.

On tbe genus Sarracenia 9»

BY JAMES B. DANA.

On a new mineralogical Nomeclature 9

BY ASA GRAY.

Remarks on the structure and ailinities of the Ccratophyllaceee- ... 41

Melanthacearum America; septentrionalia revisio ]06

BY JOHN C. JAY.

Description of new species of shells IC9

BY WILLIAM L. JONES.

On a new species of Woodpecker 489

BY GEORGE N. LAWRENCE.

< m a new species of Anscr 171

On a new species of Procellaria 175

BY JOHN LE CONTE.

'in a new species of Apus 155

BY JOHN L. LE CONTE.

Monograph of the. genus Passimachus M2

On Coleoptera indigenous to the eastern and western continents - - . ]. r iR

In :uc of Geodcphagous Coleoptera of the United States - - - - 17^

BY 0. W. MORRIS.

On the quantity of Rain at different Heights 496

Meteorological Observations 500

BY JOHN II. REDFIELD.

On the fossil fishes of ConnecticDt and Massachusetts 35

if some new species of shells 163

On the characters of Cypreea reticulata and C. histrio 477

of new species of fiullia and Marginalia 491

HY JOHN TORREY.

eryoi Vauquelinite in the United States 76

r North American plants b»

JiY JAMES F. WARD.

' i the ippMCSAM of the l'j rrhula cuucleator in the vicinity of New York - 61

A New Mincralogicai Nomenclature. By James D .
Dana, A.M. ( Corresponding Member.)

Read March, 1836. .

The chief obstacles to the introduction of a systematic
method of naming the mineral species, have gradually been
removed during the rapid progress which the science of min-
eralogy has of late years experienced. The difficulties have
been still farther diminished by the important aid which
Chemistry has rendered to mineralogical science, and also by
the introduction of a natural classification of minerals, for
which we are indebted to that deservedly distinguished Ger-
man mineralogist, Mohs. In this arrangement, M. Mohs has
not wholly relied upon chemical characters ; the exclusive
adoption of which would have degraded mineralogy from the
rank of an independent science, and merged it in that of
chemistry : nor has he depended on physical characters solely ;
for although the latter are more especially employed, the author
has throughout been guided to a certain extent by that impor-
tant source of physical characters, viz. chemical composition.
A cabinet arranged according to the system of Mohs, presents
with remarkable clearness, a chain of affinities running through
the whole, and connecting all the several parts. The Gases
and Liquids, with which the arrangement commences, are follow-
ed by the Salts, so disposed as to present an increase in sta-
bility, hardness, and lustre, as the eye proceeds onward. Among
the Gems, we arrive at the diamond, in which these characters
reach their climax. Thence descending in the series, we
gradually pass through the Metallic oxyds to the Native metals.
In these, the light-coloured species arc followed by the Sulpfai-
rets and Arsenids of similar color and lustre, which are suc-

2

iu .1 Ncu Minerulopical Nomcnclatun

cccdcd l>y tl)« • dark-colored metallic sulphurets ; and these p

nsihly to the sulphurets without a true metallic lustre.
From the Litter there is a natural transition to Sulphur, and its
-e allies thi I! s and Coals, with which the scries termi-
nate:-. I''-. thi- association of sped ing in external
characters, the attention of the studem is naturally led from
the bbsi rvatiort of their man. s, to a particular Gen-
eration of their several peculiarities. An arran at of
this kind i- necessarily inadequate for the determination of the
nan,' : it may. however, be an important aid to
rho have some general acquaintance with the science.
T nomenclature proposed by Mohs, presents a very uncouth
appearance when translated from the German into our less
pliant language ; and is moreover wholly destitute of that con-
- and i 1« | once which the cmj)loymcnt of the Latin
upon the nomenclature of botany and
zoology. To enable the science of mineralogy to participate
in these advantages, which have exerted such an important
influence upon the progress of those sciences, has been the
design of the author in offering the following system of mine-
ralogical norritenclatui

Th menl of the species is in general similar to that

proposed by Mohs, with such alterations as it was suppo
would tend Still further to exhibit their natural relations. In

with this view, the order Mi& has !

abolished, and thi it comprised r< stored to their true

con: in other orders. Thi, jeneral characters of the

ordei- arc thui rendered liable to a few exceptions; but this
inconvenience, which has thus fai be, n found unavoidable in
other departments of natural history, is deemed of little con-
when contrasted with the violation of natural alfihi
■ otherwise i u ue.
I rcmatks will sufficiently explain the nine

< mploy< ,1 in I • • ompanying catalogue. The names of the
•po i thi primarj form of the mineral,

A New Mifieralog-ical Nomenclature. 11

a

tire occurring form, the peculiarity of its cleavage, or some
peculiar physical or chemical character. In specifying the
crystalline form, the following terms have been employed, viz :
cubicus, when the primary is a cube ; octahedrus, when the re-
gular octahedron ; dodecahedrus, when the rhombic dodecahe-
dron ; rhombohedrus, when the rhombohedron ; pyramidalis,
when an octahedron not regular ; prismaticus, when a prism,
or more particularly a rhombic or rectangular prism. The
several right prisms have been designated by a term indicating
the base of the prism ; thus quadratics, for right square prism ;
rectangulus, rhombicus, rhomboideus, respectively, for right rec-
tangular, rhombic or rhomboidal prisms. The term oblxquus
has been restricted to the oblique rhombic prism, the oblique
rhomboidal being expressed by the adjective Iriclinatus, in allu-
sion to the three oblique inclinations of its axes.

Other more general terms have been occasionally employed,
depending on the following classification of the primary forms,
founded on the relations of their axes :

Class 1. Monomelrica, (fxovoc; one, and fJt-Sffov measure) : includes
the cube, regular octahedron and rhombic dodecahedron, in which
the three axes arc equal, or of one kind.

Class 2. Dimclricu, (Si$ two, and fj.srgov) : includes the right
square prism and square octahedron, in each of which the axes are

of two kinds.

Class 3. Trimctrica, (rps three, and f*smv) : includes the right
rectangular and rhombic prisms, and the right rectangular and rhom-
bic octahedrons, in which the three rectangular axes arc; unequal.

Class 4. Monodiuala, (fJDovqg one, and xXivw to incline) : includes
the right rhomboidal and oblique rhombic prisms in which one of the
ihrce axes is obliquely inclined to one of the remaining two.

Class 5. Triclinaia, (rgis three, and xXivw) : includes the oblique
rhomboidal prism, in which all three axes intersect at oblique angles.

Class 6. Tetraxona, (rsrraga four, and "ccgwv axis) : includes
the hexagonal prism and rhombohedron, which have four axes.

The relations of the forms, in any one of these classes, is such
that it may be impossible in some instances, from an entire indis-

12 A Neva Mineraiogical Nomenclature,

tinctncsl of the cleavages, t<> determine which one is the primary ; for
either of the forms in the class Triinetrica (for example) may have
the other three as secondaries.

The peculiarities of cleavage have been expressed as follows:

Acrotomus, faxgov summit, and c5/xvw to cut v[f) : cleavage parallel
to the base of a prism or octahedron, or to n plane truncating the
vertex of the rliomhohedron.

Pcril<>mus. !>out, and t:/xv^;) : cleavage parallel with each of

the lateral planes.

Dialomus, (Sia through, and ts(xmu) : cleavage in the direction of a
diagonal plain .

DystoMUS, ('hs difficult, and <r£/xvw) : cleavage difficultly obtained.

Kutomus, (:j easily, and ts/avoj) : cleavage easily obtained.

The names proposed for the Classes are I. Epigjea, ('£« 77)071,
and yaix earth) ; II. Entogjea, (Svtos within, and yam) ; III. Hypo-
ge;e, (uto beneath, and yam) : the first includes the fluids and those
soluble minerals whose formation is going on at the present time
from the decomposition of other species, and which therefore are
necessarily sujh rli rrancous; the second, the species which occur in
and compose rock-strata, and of which it is therefore appropriately
said that their native situation is within the earth; ihv third, those
which have been lite rally buried, as the coals nnd resins.

The remaining terms will be explained as they arc employed.

Classis I. EPIGiEA.

G. uml. 1 3.^. No bituminous odor. Taste of solid individuals
acul, alkaline, oi saline.

Claeeii II ENTOGiEA
f. ibovi 1 9 Ta i' I'

Classis III HYPOG/EA

A Neto Mineralogical Nomenclature. 13

Classis I. EPIG^EA.

Ordo 1. Rheutinea (££uto£, fluid.)
Gaseous or liquid.

Ordo 2. Sterinea, (rfre^og, solid.)
Individuals solid.

Classis II. ENTOGiEA.

Ordo 1. Halinea, (aXivog, saline.)

H = l— 5.5. G = 1.S— 3.3. Lustre unmctallic. Streak
uncolored.

Ordo 2. Barytinea, (§a£u<rr]£, tccight.)

H=2 — 6. G = 3— 8.1. Lustre unmetallic.

Ordo 3. Ceratinea, (xs^as, horn;) in allusion to the lustre.
H = l— 2. G=5.5— 6.5.

Ordo 4. Osmerinea, ('oC^oj, odorous. )

H = l — 3. G=2 — 3.1. Lustre unmetallic. Streak
uncolored. Odor, when moistened by the breath,
argillaceous.

Ordo 5. Chalicinea, (x"^'£> silex; the species are mostly sili-
cates.)
H = 2 — 7. G=2.6— 4. Lustre unmetallic. Streak un-
colored.

Ordo 6. Hyalinea, (uaXivos, glassy ; alludes to the high de-
grees of lustre.)
H = 5.5 — 10. G = 2.6 — 4.8. Lustre unmetallic. Streak
uncolored.

Ordo 7. ScAniNEA, (ovWrof, that which is dug; mcludos the
oxyds of the metals, the nietullic silicates, and salts
of metallic acids.)

H = l— 7. G = 2— b. Color dark red—black. Streak
colored, unmetallic.

1.4 A Neic Mineral officii I Nomenclature.

O

Ordo 8. Metalline*, (f/,?raXXov, metal ; includes the native
metals.)

H = — 5. G = 5.7 — 20. Lustre and Streak metallic.
Color white or reddish.

Ordo 9. Ptritinea, (*u£mtj£, pyrites ; includes the light-colored
metallic sulphurets, arsenids and sclenids.)

II = 3—0.5. G = 4.0—9.4. Lustre metallic. Color
white — yellow — reddish.

Ordo 10. Galinea, (ysXsiv, to shine ; includes the dark-colored
metallic sulphurets, arsenids, &c.)

11 = 1—4. G=4.2— S.5. Lustre metallic. Color dark.

Ordo 11. Adet.inea, ("achjXos, iinmanifesl '; includes the non-
metallic sulphurets, whose metallic nature is dis-
guised by the mineralizing ingredient.)

11 = 1—4. G=3.3.— 5.9. Streak colored.

Ordo 12. Theuiiea, (deiov, sulphur.)

H = 1.5 — 2.5. G=2 — 2.1. Streak yellowish-white.
Combustible.

Classis III. HYrOGiEA.

Ordo 1. PlTTINEA, (ifirra, pilch.)
Easily fusible.

Ordo 2. A.NTHRACINEA, (avOfag, coal.)
Infusible.

CLASS I.— EPIG^EA

ORDER I. RHEUTINEA.
Genus 1. Aer.

Gaseous.

Sp. 1. A. tcrrenus, Carburetted Hydrogen.

2. A. Hydrogenicus, Hydrogen.

3. A. Phosphoricus, Phosphuretted Hydrogen.

4. A. fetidus, Sulphuretted Hydrogen.

5. A. Azoticus, Nitrogen.

6. A. atmosphericus, Atmospheric Air.

7. A. Carbonicus, Carbonic Acid.

8. A. Sulphurosus, Sulphurous Acid.

9. A. muriaticus, Muriatic Acid.

Genus 2. Aqua.

Liquid.

Sp. 1. A. Iimpida, Water.

o

A. Sulphurica, Sulphuric Acid.

ORDER II. STERINEA.
Genus 1. Acidum.

II- 1—2. G = 1.4—3.7. Taste weak.

Sp. I. A. Boracicum, Doracic Acid.

2. A. Ai'senosum, Arsenous Acid.

Genus 2. Borax.

H = 2 — 2.5. G=1.7. — 1.8. Taste sweetish- alkaline
Sp. 1. B. obliquus, Borax.

L6

A l\ \Lintraloffical Nomenclature.

Genus 3. Alumen.

H = 2— 3. G=1.5.— 1.9. Taste styptic

Sp. 1. A. officinale, Native Alum.

2. A. volcanicum,

3. A. Magnesicum,

4. A. Ammoniacum,

Solfataritc.
Magncsia?i Alum.
Ammonia Alum.

Genus 4. Natron.

H=l— 3. G = 1.4—2.2. Taste alkaline.

Sp. 1. N. Gay-Lussianum, Gay-Lussitc.

2. N. efllorescens, Natron.

3. N. permanens, Trona.

Genus 5. Sal.

H = 2. G = 2.2— 2.3. Taste purely saline.

Sp. 1. S. cubicum,

Common Salt.

Genus 6. Picralum.*

H= 1.5—2.5. G-1.4— 2.0. Taste saline and bitta

Sp. 1. P. Glauberi,

2. P. Thcnardianum,

3. P. rhombicum,

4. P. Reussii,

•5. 1'. volcanicum,

G. P. Vcsuvianum,

7. P. octahedrum,

8. J*, deliquescens,
'.). P. tencllum,

Glauber's Salt.
Thenarclite.
Epsom Salt,
llcussitc.
Mascagnine.
Aphthtialite.
Snl- Ammoniac.
Nitrate of Magnesia.
Nitrate of Lime.

Genus 7. Nitrum.

H = 1.5 — 2. G = 1.9 — 2.1. Taste coolui" and saline.

Sp. I. N. iliombohedrum,
Si N. rhombicum,

Nitrate of Soda.
Sit i ate of Potaih.

• II..,. i, lithr, mid IX| tall I'nr iIk nke <>l cii|>hotiy the aspirate lias been
Iropp '1 in lli*-' <;oiii|po: -ition of tins and similar words.

A Neio Mine) alogical Nomenclature. 17

Genus S. Vitriolum.

Hi— 2 — 2.5. G = 1.8 — 3.2. Taste astringent and metallic, nauscoue.

Sp. 1. V. Martiale,* Copperas.

2. V, hexagonum, White Copperas.

3. V. parasitic um, Yellow Copperas-.

4. V. Ctyprium, Blue Vitriol.

5. V. Zincicum White Vitriol.

6. V. Cobalticuin, Cobalt- Vitriol.

7. V. Uranicum, Johannite.

8. V. bicolor, Botryogen.

Genus 9. G^alum.!

H = 2.5— 3.5. C =2.7— 2.9. Taste weak.

Sp. 1. G. obliquum, Glauherite.

2. G. columnare, Pohjhalite.

CLASS II— ENTOGiEA.

ORDER I. HALINEA.
Genus 1. Astasialus.|

H = 1.5 — 2. G = l — 2.5. Decomposed in the flame of a candle.

Sp. 1. A. phytogeneus,§ Oxalate of Lime.

Genus 2. Cryalus.||

H=2.25 — 2.5. G=2.9 — 3. Fusible in the flame of a caudle.
■Sp. 1. C. fusilis, Cryolite.

* The salts of iron were termed Martial by the alchemists, from MaTS, the
-alchemistic name of iron.

t TaXa, earth, and a>?, salt, in allusion to the composition and slight solubility
•of the species.

X "AerTorof, unstable; alludes to the facility with which the species is decomposed.

() ftvToytvcos, originating from plants ; the species is supposed to be of vege-
table origin.

li Kpvoi, ice, and SAs, salt ; from the ready fusibility of the mineral.

3

IS

A New Mineralogical Nomenclature.

Sp. 1.

Sp. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
G.

Genus 3. Aluminus.

H=5. G ^2.7—2.8.
A. rlioinbohcdrus, Alum- Stone

Genus 4.

H = 4_5.5
F. pyramidalis,

F. octahedrus,
F. hexagonus,
F. obliquus,

F. rhombicus,
F. Childrcnii,

Fluellus.

G=2.9— 3.4.

Fluellitc.
Fluor- Spar.
Apatite.
Wagnerite.

Herdcritc.

Childrcnitc.

Genus 5. Astralus.*

H = 3.5 — 4. G = 2.3 — 2.4. Mostly stcllularhj and hem/ spherically columnar.
Sp. 1. S. rhombicus, Wavellite.

Genus G. GvrsALUs.t

11 = 1.5 — 30. G— 2.3 — 3. One or more rlcaragcs very perfect and easily;

Sp. 1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
G.

Sp. 1.
2.
3.

4.

G. stcllatus,
G. rhombicus,
G. rhomboidcus,
G. rectangulusj
G. Cobalticus,
G. fusilis,

Vharmacolitc.

Haidingerite.

Gypsum.

Anhydrite,

Roselite

Hydroboracitc.

Genus 7. Calcius.I

H = 2.5— 4. G = 2.5— 3.3. Contain lime.
C. rhombohedrus, Calcareous Spar.
C. rhombicus,
C. Dolomaei,
C. decoloraus,

Arragonite.
Dolomite,

An her he.

Genus 8. Magnesialus.

H = 1—4.5.

G=2.5 — 3.2. Contain magneiia.

Sp. 1. M. rliombohedrus,
2. M. fibrosus,

■i. M. pulvercus,

Rhomb Spar.

Ma<rncsite.

Hydromagnesite,

rpov, a star.
I Pi i/«»j lime, and 8X( salt.

1 Uulx, 1 1 mi ,

A New Mirteralogical Nomenclature ID

.-.

ORDER II. BARYTINEA.

Genus 1. Baralus.*

H = 2.5 — 4. G=3.3 — 4.8. Streak uncolorcd. Contain slrontia or baryta.

Sp. 1. . B. rubefaciens,f Strontianitc.

2. B. prismaticus, Celestine.

3. B. obliquus, Baryto-calcitc.

4. B. fusilis, Witherite.

5. B. rhombohedrus, Drcclite.

6. B. ponderosus. Heavy spar.

Genus 2. Spanialus.|

H=4— 5. G = 3.4— 4.8.

Sp. 1. S. hexagonus, Fluorine.

2. S. dodecahedrus, Subsesquijluate of Cerium.

3. S. quadratus, Carbonate of Cerium.

4. S. Wollastonii, Silicate of Cerium.

5. S. octahedrus, Microlite.

6. S. rhombicus, Yttro-cerite.

7. S. peritomus, Xenotitne.

Genus 3. Scheelius.

H=4— 45. 6=6—6.1.
Sp. 1. S. pyramidalis, Tungstate of lime.

Genus 4. Stimmius.'^

H=2.5 — 3. G = 5.5 — 5.6. Contain antimony.

Sp. 1. S. rhombicus, White antimony.

Genus 5. Bismutaltjs.

H=3 — 4.5. G = 5.9 — 6.1. Contain bismuth. '.
Sp. 1. B. ochraceus, Bismuth- Ochre.

2. B. dodecahedrus, Bismuth-Blende.

Genus 6. Zincaltjs.

H=2.5 — 5.5. G = 4.3— 4.5. Contain zinc.
Sp. 1. Z. rhombohedrus, Calamine.

2. Z. peritomus, Electric Calamine.

3. Z. acrotomus, Willcmite.

4. Z. diatomus, Hopeitc.

* Bapoj, weight, and S\g, salt. t In allusion to its tinging flame red.

% Emptor, rare, and aXj ; the species are salts of two rare minerals, cerium
and yttrium.

$ Lrt'/j/ii, antimony.

20

A New Mineralogiccd Nomenckuun

Genus 7. Marantalus,*

H=3— 6. G=3— 39.

' darkened on exposure.
and iron.

Contain hkhi^w

£>p. I. M. rhombohedrus.

2. INI. rhombieus,

3. M. decrepitans,

4. M. quadratus,

5. M. Fresnii,

6. M. fusilis,

Genus 8. Arealus.I
H=1.5— 5. Ci=2.6— 3.8. Contain iron.
Cube Ore.
Scorodite.
Chenoc&prolite. JA

Spathic Iron.

Junkerite,

Diallogite.

Triplitc.

Hetepozite.

Huraulite.

S'p* 1. A. cubicus,

2. A. trimetricus,

3. A. Argentiferus,

4. A. rhombieus,

5. A. radiatus,

6. A. rhomboideus,

7. A. divcrgens,

8. A. rhombohedrus,

Triphiline.

Cacozcnitc.

I ivianite.

Anglarite.

Pyrosmalite.

Cronstedtite.

9. A. foliaceus,

Genus 9. Cobaltalus.

H = 15 — 2. G = 3. Color some shade of red. Contain cobalt
Sp. 1. C. rubellus, Cobalt-Bloom.

Genus JO. Cronalus:$

Color irhi/r, green, blue, or red. Contain IcaS

White Lead.
( 'orncous Lead.
Cotunnite.
C< rasite.
Ltcadhittitt .
Dyoxytitc.
Anslesitc.
Hcdyphane.
Plumbo-rcsiniu ■

Pyromorphitc.
Mimetene.

Molybdute <>/' Lead,
nadatc of Laid.

• Mafmtwt, to fait, alluding to ih< change of coloi the apcciea undergo on
i-xpo'

) A . 1/ . Ik ini lie nam ol n and 5Xs, salt.

| h turn, the alchemiflic nami ■ •! lead, and SAf, salt.

H=2— 4 5

G=5.3— S.l. Color u

Sp. 1.

C.

rhombieus,

2.

C.

quadratus,

3.

c.

Vesuvianus,

4.

c.

peritomus,

r>.

c.

aero torn us.

€.

c.

llcxilis,

7.

c.

Ansleseanus,

8.

c.

amorphus,

9.

c.

resinuormis,

10.

('.

hexagon us,

11.

\ur. 1 . speciosus,

12.

\;ir. 2. alliact u . : .

L3.

c.

pyramidalis,

1 I.

('.

Vanadicus,

A New Mineral <>l>; kal Nomenclatuj ,

21

Sp. 15. C. ponderosus,

16. C. hyacinthus,

17. C. rubeus,

18. C. Vauquelini,

19. C. diatomus,

20. C. rhomboideus,

21. C. ocbraceus,

Genus 11
H = l— 4.5. G=2.5— 4.3.

Sp. 1. C. acrotomus,

2. C. coeruleus,

3. C. vulgaris,

4. C. amorpbus,

5. C. rhombohedrus,

6. C. speciosus,

7. C. concentricus,

8. C. rectangulus,

9. C hemihedrus,

10. C. dystomus,

11. C. acicularis,

12. C. exbalans,

13. C. foliaceus,

14. C. decrepitans,

Tungstale of Lead.

Chromalc of Lead.

Mclanochroite.

Vauquelinite.

Caledonitc.

Cupreous AngJesite.

Minium.

. Cypralus.*

Color green or blue. Contain topper

Aphanesite.

Blue Malachite.

Green Malachite.

Chrysocotta.

Dioptase.

Euchroite.

Erinite.

Liroconitc.

Pseudo-malach ite.

Libcthcnite.

Olivcnitc.

Atacamitc.

Copper-mica.

Copper-Froth .

Genus 12.
H=2— 2.5.

Sp. 1. U. prasinus,
2. U. Herreri,

Genus 13.
H=2— 3. G = 3.1-
Sp. 1. U. ochraceus,
2. U. quadratus,

Niccalus.

Contain nickel.

Nickel Green.
Hcrrcrite.

Uranalus.

-3.2. Contain uranium

U rani c ochre.
\J ramie.

ORDER III. CERATINEA.
Genua Ceratus.

H = l— 2. G =5.5— 6.5.

Sp. I. C. cubicus, Horn Silver.

2. C. quadratus, Horn Quichilver.

3. C. foliatus,

Iodic Silver

.

KvTrpoj, copper, and SXs, salt.

22 1 Veto Mineraloeical Nomenclature.

ORDEB IV. OSMERINEA.

Genua I. Hydrous.

II 1—3 5. Q= 1.4— 2.1. Fusion difficult— infusibh

Sp. 1. N. cerinusjt Halloylite.

2. II. argilliformis, Kollyrtie.

3. II. adhaeFens, Scarbrovte.
■1. II. pyrosmicus,} Pyrargillite.
5. II. GibbaiaDiiSi Gibbsite.

(I. II. tinciua, Allojphanc.

< renua 2. ( >phitis.§

11 2—1 G 2.5—2.9.

Sp. 1. (). communis] Serpentine.

2. <). Ggularis, Agalmatolite.

3. ( ). reniformis, Kerolite.

( renua ; i. Stylus. ||

H 2 — 3. G=2.6. — 2.8 In prisma of six oi I sitfe*.

Sp. 1. B. hexagonua, Pinite.

2. S. acroiomii.s Fahlunite.

Genua I. Nematus.*U

11^2—3. (J 2.3—2.7. Delicately coin m, m,

Sp. 1. N. rectangulua, Picrosmine.

2. \. Bcopiformia, Osmelite.

'3. N. gracilia, Nemalite.

Genua 5. Maeoaritus. ##

II 1.6—3 <• 2—3.1. Lamellar.

Bp. 1. M. Magneaicua, Va< - Magnesia.

2. M. aaponaceua, 7'<//r.

► V . ■ , tester ; rcferi t<> the large proportion of water in the species,
•t Wucy, iii illusion t" its Lustre.

'. \\ ilnr.

<) An old ii.Tiin- hi serpentine, derived from the Greek, tyis, </ make.

II Lrix„(, /I column, in uIIumoii in ill*- Iii \agonally prismatic fnnuH presented
•
5 Nn,!,!, a thread ; rcfoi olumnar strnctarfl of the species.

| 'i"/ ; alluili :■ to l:

A New Mineralogical Nomenclature.

23

ORDER V. CHALICINEA.
Genus 1. Mica.

H=2— 4.5. G = 2.&— 3.1. Structure highly foliated.

Sp. 1. M. margarina*, Margaritc.

2. M. hexagona, Black Mica.

4. INI. obliqua, Common Mica.

Genus 2. PHYLLiNius.t

H=3.5— 6. G = 2.6— 3.4. Structure foliated.
Sp. 1. P. Schilleri, Schiller Spar.

2. P. aereus, Bronzite.

3. P. Seybertianus, Scybcrtite.

4. P. metallinus, Hyperstlicnc.

Genus 3. Vulcanus.*

G=2 — 2.7. Species volcanic or amygdaloidal, sometimes granitic.

H = 3.5— 6.

Sp. 1. V. rhomboideus,

2. V. fascicularis,

3. V. Thomsonianus,

4. V. hemiquadratus,

5. V. rhombicus,

6. V. peritomus,

7. V. crispans,

8. V. stramineus,

9. V. tenax,

10. V. acutus,

11. V. Brewsterianus,

12. V. flabelliformis,

13. V. Comptonianus,

14. V. quadratics,

15. V. efilorescens,

16. V. gemellus,

17. V. Philipsianus,

18. V. cubicus,

19. V. dodecahedru.s,

20. V. trapezohedrus,

21. V. rhombohedrus,

22. V. Levyanus,

23. V. exfolians,

24. V. dystomus,

Hculandite
Stilbite.
Thomsonitc.
Edinvtonitc.

O

Ncttrolite.

Mcsoti/pc.

Scolezitc.

Carpholite.

Dy schistic.

Epistilbitc.

Brewsteritc.

Mcsolitc.

Comptonitc.

A\)Of)lt\jllitc.

Laumontie.

Harmotome.

Philipsite.

Analcimc.

SoJalitc.

L< ucite.

Oiabazite.

Lcvyne.

Gmelinitt .

Datholitc.

* Alludes to the pearly lustre.

t $v\\ov, a leaf, in allusion to the foliated structure of the species.

X Refers to the occurrence of the species in rocks of igneous origin.

21

A Neiii Mi ita <i!<>gical Nomenclature.

Genus 1. Ceasistylus.*

H— 6 — 6.5. t» =2.3 — 3. Color light-green; colorless. Commonly hot ryoidal.

Sp. 1. ('. acrotomus, Prchnitc.

Genua 5. Nephrus.

H = 5.5— 7. G=2.9— 3.4. Massive.

Sp. 1. N. amorphus, Nephrite.

2. y. peritomus, Saussurite.

Genus G. Petalus.

H=6— 6.5. G -'2.4—2.5. Massive.

Sp. 1. P. rhombicus, Pctaliic.

(lenus 7. Lazulus.
H = 5 — 6. G— 2.8 — 3.1. Color blue or green. Cleavage indistinct.

Sp. 1. L. amorphus,

2. L. rhombicus,

3. L. tricllnatus,

( renus 8.

II ^4—0.5.

Sp. 1. S. taixagonum,

2. S. Herschellianum,

3. S. oleaceum,

4. S. opalescens,

5. S. ortl)i)!oinuni,t
ft. S. penicillin),

7. S. triclinatura,

8. S. \ c-ii\ ianum,
!». S. roseuni]

10. S. quadratura,

11. S. ( rehlenianutn,

12. S. rolcanicum,

Turquois.

Lazuli/r.
Blue Spar.

Si'ATUM.
G=2. 1—3.1.

Nepkeline.

Herschellite.

ElcBolite.

Labradorite.

Feldspar..

l\ ricline.

Albih .

Anal hid ■-.

Latrobite.

Scapolite.

Gehlenite.

(iisnii'ilihiii .

Sfatiniub.

( renus !>.

II 5.6-

S|>. 1. S. decolorac , Manganese- Spar.

2. S. rhombohedrus,
; ;. ■'>. S. renlformis,

Trodstite.
Bustamite.

» K • i • /" I a column, in allusion to the resemblance to a

biokeo column, often presented by the crystali "t iln* specie*.

f '< '■', and ■',■■ •■ I ■ leave, refers to the fact, that its two cleavage*

•re- at rifjht angles *\ith ooc soother.

A New Mineralogical Nomenclature.

25

Genus LO. Augitus.

H=5— 7.

G=2.9— 4. ■

&P+ 1.

A.

tabularis,

Tabular Spar.

2.

A.

rhombicus,

Spodumene.

3.

A.

diatomus,

Pyroxene.

4.

A.

dystomus,

Bucklandite.

5.

A.

acrotomus,

Babingtonite.

•6.

A.

Protaeus,

Hornblende.

7.

A.

phyllinus,

Anthojihyllite.

8.

A.

scopiformis,

Cummin gtonite.

9.

A.

peritomus,

Arfwedsonitc.

10.

A.

rhomboideus,

Eyidote.

11.

A.

Witharai,

Witliamite.

12.

A.

cuspidatus,

Acmite.

13.

A.

Lithicus,

Ambbjgonite.

ORDER VI. HYALINEA.

Genus 1. Andalusius.
H=7— 7.5. G=3. 1—3.2.
:Sp. I. A. prismaticus, Andalusite.

Genus 2. Epimecius.*

!H = 6 — 7. G=3.1 — 3.7. Crystals usually long arul slender. Color blue-
brown — white.

Sp. 1. E. cyaneus, Kyanite.

2. E. dissiliens,f Dias-porc.

3. E. Sillimanianus, Sillimanite.

4. E. Bucholzianus, Bucholzite.

Genus 3. Turmalus.

H=6.5— 8. G = 3.— 3.4.

Color black — dark-brown — dark-blue — green-
red — white.

Sp. 1. T. rhombohedrus, Tourmaline.

Genus 4.

H=7.5— 8 G=2.8— 3.1.

Sp. 1. B. hexagonus,

2. B. rhomboideus,

3. B. rhombohedrus,

Beryllus.

( 'olor green — bluish — colorless.

Beryl.

Euclase.

Phenacite.

* 'En^/j/ivjj, very long.

t Flying in pieces ; alludes to the action under the blowpipe.

VOL. IV. 4

~0 I A M- oil Nomenclatun .

in- 5. Sapphiri

II 7.5—9 G 3.5—1 6

Sp. 1. S. rectangula, Ch ryl.

2. S. octabedra, icl.

3. S. eutoma, Automolite.

1. S. infm ili Dyslui

S. rhombohedra, phire.

( lenus 6. Adam.*

ii 10 -:s.i;

Sji. I. A. octahedrus, Diamond.

QUS 7. Topazius

H=8. (.: :J I— 3 G.

Sp. I. 'I 1 . rhombicus, az.

2. T. Vesuvianus, Forsterite.

( renUS 8. ChRYSOUTHUS.

II 6.S— 7.5. «; 3.3.-3.5.
Sp. I . < '. n ctangulus, ysolite.

2, C. obliqu Ligurite.

( renua '■>. Hyalus.

II 5.6—7. G 2—3.3.

S]>. 1. II. bicolor, Tolite.

2. \\. acutu Axinite.

:;. II. rhombohedrus, Quartz.

1. II. opalinus, Opal.

5. II. Vulcani, Obsidian.

c. II. sphserulus, Syhcendiu.

"i . II. I'ii -riferus, uopyre.

( lenus 10. Boracius.

II , . ( , 2.9 3 C ../'//.v ///' I ■ hitt n

gp, i. B. hemihedi Boracitc.

< Jenua I I . < Jarbunculi .

Ii 5.9—4.8.

Bp. I . ' '. bcmihedi //- Ivin.

C. <iljlii|ii- Brucite.

. < '. acrotomu Humiti ,

\. C. dimotricu Idocra

A New Mirieralogical Nomenclature.

O

27

5p. 5. C. dodecahedrus, Garnet.

G. C. quadratus, Zircon.

7. C. rhombobedrus, Eudialyte.

8. C. decussatus,* Staurotide.

9. C. rhombic us, Os&ranite.

ORDER VII. SCAPTINEA.

Sp,

Genus I.
H^3.5— 7. G=3.2— 6.

1. R. Brucii,

2. R. quadratus,

3. R. obliquus,

4. R. pyramidalis,

5. R. Brookianus,
G. R. octahedrus,
7. R. dystomus,

RuTILUS.t

Color dark-red — hrownish-btack.

Red Zinc Ore.

Rutile.

Sphene.

Anatasc.

Brookite.

Rea\ Copper Ore.

Pyrochlorc.

Genus 2. Jovius.f

H = 6 — 7. G = C.5 — 7.1. Contain tin.

Sp. 1. J. quadratus, Tin Ore.

Genus 3. Ceritus.

H=5.5 — 6. G = 3.1 — 3.2. Contain cerium.

Sp. 1. C. rhombobedrus, Cerite.

2. C. rhombic us,

Genus 4.

H = 2.5— 6.5. G

Sp. 1. M. triclinatus,

2. M. Thoriferus,

3. M. acicularis,

4. M. (lammans,

5. M. obliquus,
G. M. Laugieri,
7. M. Mengianus,

Thulite.

MeLANOPHjEUS.§
-2.1 — 5.6. Color brown — black

Allanite.

Thorite

Orthite.

Pyrorthil

Gadolinite.

Titaniferotu Cerite.

„ Eschynite.

• Crossed like the letter X ; alludes to the commonly cruciform crystallization
of this species.

t Red and shining.

X From Jupiter, the alchemistic name of tin.

§ MtXas, Uack, and <f>at6s, brown.

28 A New Mineralogical Nomenclafurt.

Sp. B. M. quadratus, (Erstedite.

9. M. rectangulus, Polymignite.

( m nu> 5. Columbus.
H = 5.5 — 6. G=5.8. — 8. Contain columbium

Sp. 1. C. hemiquadratus, Fergusonite.
2. C. Berzelii, Yttro-Colnmbite.

'■',. C. rectangulus, Columbtic.

Genus 6. r ramus.

H=5.5. G = 6.1 — G.5. Contain uraniumr.
Sp. 1. U. amorphus, Pitchblende.

Genus 7. Wolframius.

H=5 — 5.5. G = 7.1 — 7.4. Contain tungsten.

Sp. 1. W. rectangulus, Wolfram,

( Senus S. Maxganus.

H=l — 6.6. 0=3.1 — 4.9. Contain manganese.

Bp. 1. M. acretomus, Ihtusnwiinttr.

2. M. peritomus, Braunitc.

'-i. M. informis, Psilomelane.

4. M. Cupriferus, Cap/cows Manganese.

5. ML rhombicus, Manganife.
«'.. M. prismaticus, Pyrohtske.

~t . M. Cobalticus, Earthy Cobalt*

-. fcf. terrenus, fFod.

< icnus !». SlDEIlUS.*

II 1 — (i.5. <• 5 8 —5 :t. Contain iron

Sj». 1. S. Chromicus, C%rorotc Zron.

2. S. fibrosu Crocidolke.

H. S. Elisingeri, Hisingerite.

4. S. rhombicus, J i »&< •

- r >. S. Ii:rm:ilirus,t BrOWJl TrOtl (h>.

6. S. rhorabohedrtu, Specular Iron.

7. S. octahedrus, Magnetic Iron Ore.

5. S. Zinciferus, Franklinite.

4 ' A o ■'//. in illamoD i I tlw i"'\v<l< -r

A New Mhicralocrical Nomenclatun . 29

o

Sp. 9. S. acrotomus, Crichtonitc.

10. S. Mohsianus, Mohsite.

ORDER VIII. METALLINEA.

Genus 1. Ferrum.
Sp. 1. F. octahedrum, Iron.

Genus 2. Platinum.
Sp. 1. P. cubicum, Platinum.

Genus 3. Iridium.
Sp. 1. I. hexagonum, Iridium.

Genus 4. Palladium.

Sp. 1. P. octahedrum, Palladium.

2. P. rhombicum, Selen-palladilc.

Genus 5. Aurum.

Sp. 1. A. cubicum, Gold.

2. A. rhombicum, Auro-tellurite.

Genus 6. Argentum.
Sp. 1. A. octahedrum, Silver.

Genus 7. Hydrargyrum.

Sp. 1. H. fluidum, Mercury.

2. H. dodecahedrum, Amalgam.

Genus 8. Plumbum.
Sp. 1. P. octahedrum, Lead.

Genus 9. Bismutum.

Sp. 1. B. octahedrum, Bismuth.

2. B. Argenticum, Bismuth- Si lv>r.

Genus 10. Cuprum.
Sp. 1. C. octahedrum, Copper.

'

( !< r,u. . 1 1 . Tellurium.

Sp. I. T. hexagonum, Tellurium,

'in- L2. Stibium.

Sp. I. S. rhombohedrum, Antimony.

2. S. rhombicum, Antimonial Silver

< irini- L3. Arsenium.

Sp. I • \. rhombohedrum, - lrs< nic.

ORDER L\. PVJflTINEA.

Genus 1.

II 4—5.5. G 6-9.4.

Sp. 1 • A. Argentt u

2. A. eutomus,

3. A.. h( \ gonus,
1. A. cupricolor,
-"). A. Mdli'inaniii,
G. A. decrepitans,

A. acrotomus,

8. A. peritomu .

9. A. octahedrus,
In. \. bemi-cubicu
II. A. ECarsteni,

l -.'. \. cubicus,
l :;. \. VIan{ ani<

( Jem
II • G 1.5

hcxagom

Sp.

1.

■

P.

1*.

P.

1.

P.

i

P.

P.

,.

P.

rhombicus,
cubicu .
alliacei
crubi

midali ; ,
capillai i -.

Argyrites.*

white, or slightly reddish.
. Irst nical Silvt r.
Wickel-Stibii .

uimonial Nickel.
( '"j'ji< r-Nickcl.
White Nickel.
Nich l-Glam
Li ucojyyrite.
Mispickel.

Small i in -.

Cobaltine.

T' rarsi nid of C<i/>a/t.

( 'obaltic Pyrites.

. Irscnid of Manganesi .

Pyrites.

' <.s/i — yellow.
Magnetic Pyriti ,

// lull I /<>ll- I '///<

1 1 ■ rtrPyrites.
„ Irsenid of ( 'oppi r.
I aricgatcd Pyri
( '"jijn r-Pyrites.
( 'apillary Pyrites.

■lor.

tarniah the mineral speedily assumes on

i

.1 New Mineralogical Nomenclature. 31

ORDER X. GALINEA.
Genus 1. Cyprites.*

H=2.5— 4. G =4.3— 5.8. Contain copper.

Sp. 1. C. cubicus, Tin-Pyrites.

2. C. tetrahedrus, Gray Copper.

3. C. rectangulus, JBournonite.

4. C. dodecahedrus, Tennantite.

5. C. rhombicus, Vitreous Copper.

Genus 2. Lunites.+

H= 1.5— 1.4. G = 5.5— 8.5. Contain silver.

Sp. 1. L. Selcnicus, Eucairitc.

2. L. Cupricus, Stromeyerite.

3. L. dodecahedrus, Vitreous Silver.

4. L. Telluricus, Telluric Silver.

5. L. Auricus, Graphic Tellurium.

6. L. rhombohedrus, Polybasite.

7. L. rhombicus, Brittle Silver Ore.

8. L. peritonitis, Antim. Sulpkuret of Silver.

9. L. Molybdicus, Molybdic Silver.

Sp.

Genu.':

,3.

Lycites.|

H = 2— 3.5. G =

4.5-

-5.8. Contain antimony.

1.
2.

L.
L.

diatomus,
Berthieri,

Gray Antimony.
Berth 'icrife.

3.

L.

Zinkeni,

Zinlcenilr.

4.

L.

acrotomus,

Jamcsoui/c.

5.

L.

alliaceus,

Arsenical Antimony

Genus 4. Plumbites.

H=1.5— 3. G = 6.8— 8.5. Contain lead.

Sp. t. P- cubicu.-, Galena.

CobalticiiH, CoBaltic Galena.

Selenicus, Clausthalite.

* Kun-poj, copper.

t From Luna, thu alchemislic name ol il.

t Avkos, a wolf; gray antimony was called " lupus metallorum," liy the alche-
mists.

1.

P

2.

P

3.

P

32

A \ M\ ineralogical Nomenclature,

Genus 5. Elasmites.*

11 1—1.6. (i 1 2. — 82. Structure foliated.

Sp. 1. H. quadratus,

Foliated Tellurium.

•.'. El. rhombicusi
3. E. rhomboideus,
•1. E. bexagonus,

S rnbergite.
Flexible Silver.
Molybdenite*

( reOUS G. BlSMlTES.t
H — S— 8.5 6=6.1 — 7.6. Viri/ fusible. Contain bismuth.

Sulphuret of lit smut It.
Actcular Bismuth.
Telluric Bismuth.

Sp. l. T>. rectangulus,
■'.. B. acicularis,
3. B. rhombohedrus,

( reous 7. X INCITES.

G— 5.5. — 50. Contain zinc.

Sp. 1. '/'• flamraans, Rionitc.

ORDER XI. ADELINEA.
Genus 1. Aparpia.J

II 3.5— 4. (J =3.9— 4.1.

gp, I. A. cubica,

l. A. dodecahedra,

Manganblende.
Blende.

( renua 2. Cerasia.^

II 1 — 1.5. G=4 5 — 1.6.

8p. I. ('. rhomboidea, Red Antimony.

( renua ">■ Eli bblla.

II J— 2.6 G 5.8— 8.1.

Sp. L. R. (ililiijua, Miargyrite.

:!. Ik. ili(iinltoli( ili.i. Ihirli-lli </ Si/n r.

3. i;. florida, Light-Red Silver

1. EL peritomai Cinnabar.

* i mi tui

■hIii! from b . which ia derived from biamutani, the 1-aiin of

• ith
1 A' > the difficulty of reducing the species to the me-

tillir Hi

s Ccrisu-, tkt < ; iii illation to the color.

A New Mnicralogical Nomenclature. 33

Genus 4. Euchroa.*

H= 1.5—2. G = 3.4— 3.7.

Sp. 1. E. rubella, Realgar.

2. E. a urea, Orpiment.

ORDER XII. THEIINEA.

Genus 1. Sulphur.
Sp. 1. S. pyramidalis, Native Sulphur.

CLASS III.— HYPOGjEA.

ORDER I. PITTINEA.
Genus 1. Mellis.

H=2 — 2.5. G=1.5 — 1.6. Transparent — translucent. Color light.
Sp. 1. M. pyramidalis, Mellile.

Genus 2. Succinum.

H=2 — 2.5. G=l — 1.1. Transparent — translucent. Color light.

Sp. 1. S. Electrum, Amber.

Genus 3. STEATUS.t

G=0.65. Whitish. Crystalline.

Sp. 1. S. acicularis, Scheererite.

Genus 4. Bitumen.

H=0 — 2.5. G = 0.3 — 1.2. Amorphous. Solid individual* opaqut , m sub

translucent.

Sp. 1. B. fragrans, Retinite.

2. B. flexile, Mineral-Caoutchouci

3. B. commune, Bitumen.

* Et>'xpoo$, finely colored. i ^artap,fat.

VOL. IV. 5

34 A New Mineralogical Nomenclature.

ORDEB II. ANTHRACINEA.
( renoa 1. Anthrax.

Lust ir unmet allic.

Sp. I. A. bituminosiiS) Bituminous Coal.

-'. A. lapideus, Anthracite.

Genus 2. Plumbago.
Lustre metallic.

Sp. 1. I*, scriptoria, Graphite.

Fossil Fishes of Connecticut and Massachusetts, ivith a notice
of an undcscribed genus. By John Howard Redfield,
Member of the Lyceum.

Read December 12, 1836.

With the exception of the teeth and vertebrae of sharks,
found in the cretaceous formation of the Atlantic coast, the
fossil remains of fishes hitherto discovered in the United States,
have, for the most part, been confined to the new red sandstone
of the Connecticut river valley. Through this formation
they are very generally diffused, having been found at Sun-
derland, West-Springfield, and Deerfield, in Massachusetts?
and at Glastenbury, Middletown, Berlin, and Durham, in
Connecticut.* They are in most cases found in the bituminous
shale, which, in character, sometimes approaches a mica-
ceous sandstone. These interesting remains have not, how-
ever, received that degree of attention to which they are en-
titled from their importance in a geological point of view. Few
attempts have been made to determine their species, and such
accurate published descriptions as might serve for a comparison
with European ichthyolites, have been entirely wanting. This
circumstance, however, will not excite surprise, when we reflect
that the fossil fishes of Europe, though found in all her museums
and collections, have, until lately, been for the most part ne-
glected and undescribed. Before we can venture to pronounce
upon the distinctive character of the natural productions of a
new world, we must, of course, be acquainted with those of the
old ; and it is for this reason, that in the course of investigation,

* I have latelv been informed that Professor Shepard has discovered fossil
fishes at Southbury, Connecticut, in the small basin of red sand stone, which
forms part of the valley of the Housatonic.

/ h i

wo must so often relj upon transatlantic naturalists, for a foun-
dation on which to build our labors.

In the third volume of the American Journal of Science.
Professor Silliman has described a locality of ichthyolites at
Westfield, the western parish of Rfiddletown, Conn., and also
s tates thai a specimen from this place, which he sent to Brong-
niart. was recognized by the latter as a species of the Palao-
thrissum of Blainville. In die sixth volume of the American
Journal] and also in the " Report upon the (leology of Massa-
chusetts," Professor Hitchcock has described the locality of
Sunderland, and has driven figures of two or three species found
at this place, which he says probably belong to the penus Par
laothrissum. In neither of these notices are we furnished with
any distinctive description of the fishes ; hut the figures of Pro-
f! ssor Hitchcock serve to show that their originals are referable

lo two genera widely distinct.

Dr. I»'l.:_.. some yi ace, read a paper before this so-

ciety, upon the fossil fishes of Westfield, in w hich lie pointed out
the close affinity hetween tlie former and the existing Esox OSSCI/s^
or the L< [iix:st< us of French authors. 'This paper has never
been published.

Pr< assiz, well known for his valuable labours in this

departmenl of natural science, has, in his greal work now in

n e of publication, described buf two species of fossil fishes
from the United States, and these d< criptions are founded, m
pot, upon the drawings <>( Profe or Hitchcock, to which we

have alluded, an 1 in pail upon single specimens of each which

had found their wa\ to Europe. 'The first of these is seen in
. !<;, plate 11, of Hitchcock's Report, and Is referred bj

\ iz tO his genUS PaleCOnisCUS, under the name ol I', /'////lis,

imprehending in this 'j< mis, both the Palaoniscum and ror

laothri "m of Blainville. The other species described is seen

in fi . U> and LS of the same plate, and ignated as Eury.

To this species I shall have occasion again to

M I

of Connecticut and Massachusetts. y?

Most of the specimens accompanying this communication were
found about four miles S. W. of Middletown, at a spot known
by the local name of " Saw Mill Hollow." The remaining
specimens are from a locality about five miles north of the latter
in the parish of Westfield. The latter sectional name has some-
times been confounded with Westfield, Mass., at which place I
am not aware that any ichthyolites have been found, although
its geological character differs little from that of the other towns
of the Connecticut river valley. In the locality first mentioned,
the bituminous shale in which the fishes are found occurs inter-
stratified with the sandstone, and is exposed to view at the bottom
of a ravine, twenty or thirty feet in depth, which has been ex-
cavated by the action of a small stream. The strata both here
and at Westfield are nearly horizontal. Some layers of the shale
abound, not only in remains of fishes, but also in those of vege-
tables, apparently endogenous, while others are nearly destitute
of both. The substance of the fish, as well as that of the vege-
table, is converted into carbonaceous matter, and it is observ-
able that while the form of the scales and rays is perfectly and
beautifully preserved, there are no traces of the bones remaining.
According to Agassiz, this is almost universally the case with
the individuals of the family Lepidoides, to which these belong.

The specimen, No. 9,* is a large well marked individual of
the Palcconiscus fultus, Agass. a species characterized by the
size and strength of the anterior accessory rays of the fins.
No. 10 is probably referable to the same species.

The specimens numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4, with probably
most of the fragments accompanying them, are entirely distinct
from the above, and constitute a genus hitherto undescribed,
presenting the following characters :

Dodij fusiform, covered with rhomboidal scales, which ex-
tend obliquely across it, and parallel with its length. Scales

* The numbers refer to specimens now in the collection of the Lyceum,

38 Fossil F hes

middling size. Head rather small, presenting a finely granu-
lated surface resembling Bhagreen. Back but slightly arched.
Pectoral fins middling. Ventral small, inserted midway be-
tween pectoral and anal. Anal large. Dorsal middling, situ-
ated opposite the posterior part of the anal. Tail forked, equi-
lobed.* Scale* extending a little upon the base of the upper
lobe. All the fins have a series of raylets inserted obliquely
upon the first or anterior ray, producing a serrated or denticu-
late appearance. In this species these raylets are very fine
and close, presenting a strong contrast with those of the ]'</-
taoniet us fultiu, where they are so long and stout as to render
the term serrate inapt. The succeeding rays have an articulate
appearance, nnd are finely subdivided toward their extremities.
The following list of the number of rays in each fin may serve
to give an iil< a of their relative size :

Pectoral, lame and strong, 10 to 12.

Ventral, - - - about 8.

Dorsal, ----- 10 to 1 2.

Anal, ----- 20 to 30.

< audal, - - - - - 30 to 40.
A remarkably perfect specimen of this species, from the same
locality, is now in possession of the Yale .Natural History So-
ciety, al .New Haven, and is represented in Plate I.t

[nthe arrangement of Agassiz, the fish described above would
be comprehended in the order Ganmdesy and family Lepir
doides. h- equilobed tail would assign il to the second di-
vision of the family, the Homoccrci, as he has termed them.
Prom seven fusiform genen w arranged in this division ii is

'l i. indeed is not *i ctly the case. Its structure, hov analogous to

th.it of il,.' Si mttuiatii.' , r;mk( il by Agassiz among the Homocerci, and diffeia most
(rum (bal of the trne Heteroeerd, when i lie scales, ami proliably the
id in ll o point "i the upper lobe.

1 wiih that '" ;i ty ia ;i specie* oi P
■ P. fulfils, bnl from the other numerous apt
oft).: orm and proportions, and which I have ventured to name,

from ii,i. poet '•../'/.' SoeP t< U

of Connecticut and Massachusetts. 39

entirely excluded by the posterior position of its dorsal. It may
therefore be ranked between the genera Scmionotus and Pholi-
dopliorus, being analogous to both in the structure of the tail,
and in its serrated fins, and to the latter in the articulation of the
rays. From the situation of the dorsal fin, I have thought the
name Catoptcrvs to be applicable to this new genus. This
name was originally applied by Agassiz to the genus Dipterus
of SedgewickandMurchison, but he was afterwards induced to
reject it, and restore the name given by the latter. I therefore
see no objection to naming the species Catojiterus gracilis.

The specimen marked, No. 11, appears to be identical with
figs. 45 and 4S of Hitchcock, named by Agassiz, Eurynotus
tenuiceys. The genus Eurynotus is described by Agassiz as
having the anterior rays of the dorsal large and prolonged, and
the divisions of the tail unequal. In the figures of Professor
Hitchcock, it is the posterior rays of the dorsal which are
prolonged, and the tail represented as square and truncated.
To reconcile these figures with his generic description, Agassiz
has supposed the specimen of Hitchcock to have lost the long
anterior rays of the dorsal, and the tail to have been inadver-
tently drawn truncated, instead of forked. This latter suppo-
sition was not indeed improbable, as the same error is found
in the figure of the Palceoniscus fultus. The specimen of this
species, seen in England by Agassiz, and which he has figured,
is defective in a very important point, inasmuch as not only the
dorsal fin, but also nearly the whole of the back and part of
the tail are wanting. But the specimen before us, if it be the
same species figured by Hitchcock, shows that he was correct
in the representation of the dorsal,* but, unfortunately, it can

* Since writing the above, I have been assured by Professor Hitchcock, that
his figure is correct in the representation of the dorsal, and that its peculiar form
could not have been accidental, as he had in his possession numerous individuals
of this species, all of which coincide in this particular.

10 /' /' ihes.

throw do light upon the structure of the tail, the lower part of
the individual being wanting. Ii, however, renders it almost
certain that the species cannot be comprehended in the genus
/ rynotus as described by Agassis, and it will not unlikely
prove the representative of another new genus.

It has "i late years been generally admitted that the sand-
stone from which these fishes are derived is of much later date

than the old red sandstone, to which it was once referred, and

these remains confirm this belief. The Palaonisci of Europe
have never been found below the coal measures, while they ex-
tend upward to the copper slate of the zechstein or magnesian
limestone. In the case before us, we find a species of PaUeo-
nuctu accompanied by a fish, the structure of whose tail ap-
proaches thai of the PholidophortMi and of other fishes never
found below the lias. This fad would seem to imply for this

formation, even a higher situation in the series than that which

i> nom assigned it l»_\ geologists. A careful and extended ex-
amination of the fossil fishes of this deposit, undertaken 1>_\ able

ami experienced naturalists, is much needed, and would pro-

bably decide the question of its relative age.

On the Affinities of ' Geratophyllacea. 41

Remarks on the Structure and Affinities of the Order
Ceratophyllace^e. By Asa Gray, M. D.

Read, February 20, 1837.

The fruit and seed of the genus Ceratophyllum, Linn, were
first correctly described and figured by Geertner,* so long ago
as the year 177S ; a fact worthy of especial notice, since an
erroneous view respecting the structure of the seed has been
introduced into every subsequent systematic work that has
fallen under my notice, in which an account of that organ is
attempted. The only error in the description of Ga?rtner, is
that of considering the proper cotyledons as a separate organ,
which (in this as in a few analogous cases) he calls the vitellus ;
but it should be borne in mind that the admirable work of this
author was prepared at a period when the nature of the embryo
was very imperfectly understood.

L. C. Richardt first pointed out the most remarkable pecu-
liarity in the structure of the embryo, which consists in the
presence of four (apparent) cotyledons and a highly developed
plumule. Jussieu,| who evidently knew very little of the genus,
referred it to the order Naiades; a Very heterogeneous assem-
blage as originally constituted, the twelve genera included in
it having been since ascertained to belong to at least seven
different families.

* De Fruct. et Sem. Plantar um, 1, p. 212, /. 14, fig. 2.
t Analyse du Fruit, 1808.
t Gen. Plantarum.jp. 18.

6

43 On the Affinities of Cera(ophyl(a<rcr.

The order CeratophyUacea, indicated, perhaps, by Richard,
was described, in the year 1^*21, by Samuel Frederick Gray,
in a work entitled, A Natural Arrangement of British Plants ;*
wherein it i> correctly characterized, except that the radicle is
said to be superior, i. c. to point towards the summit of the peri-
carp. Were this the case, it would necessarily follow, inas-
much as the seed is suspended, that the radicle should be
turned towards the hilum, or, in other words, that the seed is
anatroprrus ; whereas, on the contrary, the ovule of Cerato-
phyllum is really orthotrxypout, and the radicle inferior^ This
erroneous view would scarcely require such especial notice,
since Gsrtner has correctly described the seed in these re-
spects,! were it not for the extraordinary fact of its inadvertent
adoption in the Prodomvs of De Candolle, the Introduction to
the Natural System by Lindley, the OrJines Plantarum of
Bartling, the last edition of the Encyclopaedia fhitannica,^ (as
well as in the Prodromus Flora Peninsula Indict Orientalis)
by Arnott, and also in the second and greatly improved edition
of Dr. Lindley *s Introduction to the Natural System, published
within the past year. The genus has also been recently revised
by Chamisso,|| and several new species indicated, but no notice
whatever is taken of the structure of the ovule and seed.

It is not surprising that the true affinities of Gcratophyllurn
should have been overlooked, so long as its real structure was
misunderstood in such an important particular. The author

♦ Vol. 11. j>. 554,

f This iiDjMjrtnut mistake can scarcely l>c attributed to inadvertence,
since in the Corrigenda at the end of the volume, the author adds,
" seed u]>ri»ht, yendulous" which, instead of being a correction, is an
additional error.

1 " Sc rin ri furido jiutaminis aliixum ■ . . Embryo crectus. . . . Radi-
cula intra vitellum absmndita, inftra." — QflBTtDtr, /. c.

§ A ft U J'.i'ianv, ;/. 108.

D Linnrta, 4. y. 60S.

On the Affinities of Ceratophyllacea. 45

who first characterized the order, places it next to Haloragese, in
which he is followed by De Candolle, who arranges it between
that family and Lythrariae, to which it is annexed by Arnott*
as a sub-order; but no affinity with either has been shown,
beyond a vague resemblance in habit. Bartling, and also
Lindley, in the first edition of the work above cited, consider
the affinities of the order to be wholly unknown, the latter,
however, suggesting the query whether it be allied to Podos-
temeae. In the succeeding edition, Dr. Lindley takes a new
and wholly unexpected view, considering the genus as a sub-
order, or degeneration, of Urticaceae. I can perceive no par-
ticular resemblance between Ceratophyllum and Urticacece,
except that the flowers of both are apetalous and diclinous,
and the achenium one-seeded. It should be remarked, how-
ever, that the erect seed of the Urticese proper is orthotropous,
as was first pointed out by Brown.t This is certainly the case
in Urtica, Bcehmeria, and Parietaria ; but the fact has been
somehow overlooked by Dr. Lindley, who expressly states, in
the second edition of the Introduction to the Natural System,
that the radicle in Urticaceae always points to the hilum !

Our attention is next directed to some observations con-
tained in the excellent and elaborate Memoire sur la Generation
et le Developpcment de VEmbryon dans les Vegetaux yhanero-
games, by Adolphe Brongniart,£ which, as they have the merit

* " Much as these suborders (Lythrarieae and Ceratophylleae) differ
in appearance, we have the authority of Richard for uniting them. It
must be confessed, however, that their chief great resemblance is in the
persistent calyx, free from, but surrounding the fruit." — Arnott, I. c—
I have never been so fortunate as to meet with the observation of Richard
here alluded to.

t Appendix to Capt. Tuckey's Expedition to Congo (1808), p. 454.

X Read before the Academic des Sciences in ^December 1826, and
published the succeeding year in the 12th volume of the Annates de*
Sciences NatureUes.

44 On ilit Affinities of ( '>eratophyllacee*.

of being the only remark- extant which throw an\ light upon
the true affinities of Ceratophyllum, have also the misfortune of
having been wholly overlooked by succeeding systematic
writers. Under these circumstances it is proper to quote thai
portion of the observations of M. Brongniart which have a di-
rect bearing upon the subject under consideration. They re-
late, in part, to a remarkable peculiarity in the developement
of the embryo of Ceratophyllum, which is also inferred to
occur in the genus Nelumbium.

" Si on examine l'ovule du ( 'ercUophyUum doin rstnn au mo-
ment de la lloiaison, on trouve qu'il est suspendn au sommet
de la cavite de l'ovaire, et qu'il est compose d'un seul tegu-
ment ouvcrt a Vexlremite opposee a son point d'insertion ; l'a-
mande egalement suspendue est formee d'une membrane cel-
luleuse, mince, transparente, et se termine par un mamelon
court, forme par une sorte de petite couronne de cellules.
Dans l'interieur de cctte amande, ou trouve le sac embryon-
naire (the tercine of Mirbcl r) qui la remplit en entier ; il est
lixe superieurement a la chalaze,"* &e. The passage above
quoted suffices to show that M. Brongniart considers the ovule
of Ceratophyllum as suspended and orthotropous, and
the accompanying figurest so represent it. The author
proceeds with an account of the embryo at its first develope-
ment, when it appears as a minute green globule, situated, not
within the nucule, but outside of it, and merely in contact with

orifice, from which the slightest force suffices to detach it.

11 II continue B B'accroitre pendant qiielque temps en adhe-
rant legerement b I'extre'mite' <lu m enibryonnaire : mais
hr intut il g'en ili igage < 1 b< developpe dans la cavite comprise
entrc la membrane de I'amande 1 1 ci sac ; il se dfvise en trois
lobe deux lateralis se prolongenl sons form.' de comes

• Ann. Sciencei Naturelles, 12, p. 261, tt
y. m t. 44.

srq.

On the Affinities of Ceratopkyllacea:. 40

entre le sac embryonnaire et les parois de l'amande ; le lobe
moyen repousse le sac embryonnaire, s'introduit danssa cavity,
et finit par etre ainsi envefloppe" par se sac : il devient la gem-
mule composee de deux foiioles inferieures opposees et de
plusieurs verticelles d'autres fueilles plus petltes.

" II est inutile d'insister ici sur l'analogie qui existe entre
cet embryon et celui du Nelumbo. II est evident que les deux
lobes externes sont analogues aux deux grands lobes arrondis
de l'embryon du Nelumbo, que le sac qui enveloppe la gem-
mule est le meme qui contient celle du cette plante, ....
enfin que la gemmule, tres developpee de ces deux plantcs
contient egalement une premiere paire des feuilles oppo-
sees, et en outre d'autres petites feuilles analogues pour les
disposition aux autres feuilles de la plante.""

A remarkable resemblance being tbus indicated between tbe
embryo of Ceratophyllum and tbat of Nelumbium, it becomes
important to learn whether a corresponding agreement exists as
to the structure of the seed in other respects. Little or no in-
formation, however, is to be derived from systematic works
respecting the situation of the seed in the pericarp, and the re-
lation of the radicle to the hilum, in Nelumbium. The figures
of Richardt and GEertnerj throw some light upon the question ;
but, on examination of the fruit, the radicle is at once perceived
to be inferior and the seed susjMided, and, consequently,
orthotropous, as in Ceratophyllum. The points of agree-
ment, therefore, between the two genera chiefly consist in the
simple, one-seeded ovaries, the suspended, orthotropous, ex-
albuminous seeds, the large and fleshy cotyledons situated
outside of the membrane of the nucule, and the unusually de-
veloped plumule (consisting of a pair of primordial leaves and

* Op. cit. p. 2.53.

♦ Analyse du fruit, t. 5, fig. 6; and Ann. du Museum, 17, /. 9, fig.

50 and 57.

Op. cit. 1, t. 19.

46 On the Affinities of CeratophyUac&t.

a bud) enveloped by the persistent membrane of the nucule.
The point.- of difference, such us the want of petals, the
nearly sessile anthers, and the single ovary of'Ceratophyllum,
are sufficiently obvious : but they cannot be thought to weaken
materially such peculiar and strongly marked affinities. The
lower degree of developement, both of the organs of vegetation
and fructification of Ceratophvllum, are, perhaps, chiefly attri-
butable to the entirely submersed habit of the genus.

It a comparison be next instituted between Ceratophyllum
and the order Cabombacese or Hydropeltidea?, affinities will be
perceived, the existence of which have been, I believe, hitherto
unsuspected. This order, first indicated by Richard,* and
considered by De Candolle as a tribe of Podophyllea?, has
been referred to Nymphnsaceae both by Brownt and Lindley '-\
it is, however, a distinct order, more closely allied to Nelum-
biaceae than Nymphaeaceas, as will be shown in the course of
these remarks. It includes tun genera, both peculiar to the
American continent, via. Drascnin,^ the only species of which
(/»'. peltata of Pursh) abounds in ponds and slow-flowing
Streams from Canada to Florida; and Cabomba of Aublet,
which comprises two species hitherto confounded, || the one a

• Ann. <lu Museum, 17, j>. 230.

I Appendix to Capt. King's Voyage to New Holland.

Bd. 2, /<• 13.

§ Schreber, Hour,: Plantarum (1798), p. '372. — Hydropeltis, Michx.
Jl. (1803) 1. }>■ 324. This genua bavingbeec characterised and described
by Schreber Ion- before th< Plots "i" ftfichaux was published, I see no
■ in for adopting tli' 1 name imposed by the Latter, as is done by most
European botanists.
ii 1 subjoin ili«- characters and svnomony of the two species.
1. Cabomba aq,i ltica; foliis natantibus orbicularis ; floribus luteis;
mperl) 2. — C. aquarica, Aubl. /</. Qvian. l, _p. 321, t.
l-.-i | Richard, nun. museum, 17, p. 830, t. 6,jig. 88; D C. lytt, 2,
/■ '. iuii. t. absque man. (opt. ; Rossi. \ Sehull. sysl.
II \m. In stacnit et rivulis CayenntS, Auhlrt ; in Suri-
nam, Dr. Herring.

On the Affinities of Ceratophyllacea. 47

native of Cayenne, the other of S. Carolina, Louisiana, &c.
Both species have the habit of Brasenia as to the flowers and
floating leaves, and that of Ceratophyllum in the filifonnly
dissected submersed foliage. Brasenia and Cabomba are very
nearly allied ; the principal difference consisting in the more
numerous stamens and ovaries of the former, while in the
latter the ovaries are reduced to two, three, or four, and the
stamens are (as in Ceratophyllum) only twice the number of
the sepals. The ovaries of both bear from two to three ovules,
but commonly only one or two seeds are perfected. The
indehiscent carpels are crowned with the persistent styles, as
in Ceratophyllum.

In order to bring to view the real affinities of Cabombaceae,
it is necessary to avail ourselves of the important characters
furnished by the seed, the true structure of which (particularly as
compared with allied orders, in the direction of the radicle, &c.)
has been almost wholly overlooked.* The seeds of Cabomba
and Brasenia resemble each other very closely. They are sus-
pended in the pericarp, one above the other, when two are present;
and a rather large roundish spot (similar to that on the seed
of Nelumbium) is observed at the extremity opposite the hi-
lum ; which, as no raphe is perceptible, may be inferred to be

2. Cabomba Caroliniana ; foliis natantibus elllpticis lineari-oblon-
gisve ; floribus albis ; ovariis 3 — 4. — C. Aubletii, Michx. ft. 1, p. 206.
Nectris peltata, Pursh, ft. l,p. 239 (excl. syn.). N. aquatica, Nult. gen.
l,p. 230; Ell.! hot. 1, p. 416, non Willd. — Hab. In aquosis S. Caro-
lina? ! Georgise ! et Louisiana; !

I have seen flowers of this species with only two sepals, and two
petals. Pursh, who considers the North American plant the same as
that of Aublet, has, nevertheless, taken the unwarrantable liberty of
changing the specific name.

* Fine dissections of the seed, both of Cabomba and Brasenia,
drawn by Richard, are published in the plates of the Did. dcs Sciences
Naturelles, from an examination of which their true structure may be
deduced. It is worthy of notice that the portion of the embryo which
Richard calls the gemmule in Ann. du Muscvm 17, p. 230, (. 5, Jig. 22
and 23, he here more properly considers to be the radicle.

48 On the Aihu, CeratopkyUacoa*

the microjn le. The correctness of this view is demonstrated
hv a consideration of their internal structure. The embryo,
enclosed in a peculiar covering (the thickened and persistent
membrane of the nucule) lies in immediate contact with the
(organic as well as geometrical) base of the seed, the residue
• »t* the cavity being fdlcd with a rather firm albumen; the radi-
cular extremity pointing from the, hihnu and towards the distant
micropyle. The of Cabombaceee are therefore suspended

and orthotrogpus, as in Ceratophyllacftse. The principal dif-
uce between the two orders, bo far as respects the structure
of the ovule and seed, consists, therefore, in the h >s developed
embryo of the former being wholly enclosed in the persistent
sac of the nucule (as in Nymphseacese), and in the presence of
albumen. It is evident, therefore, that the order Ceratophylla-
ceae is almost as closely allied to Cabombacete as to Nelum-
biace.e, and that it should stand in the immediate vicinity of
these two orders, notwithstanding the much lower develope-
ment of its flora] organs, and other diversities attributable to its
wholly submersed habit.

As to the affinity of the order Cabombacese with Nelumbiacese
and Nymphaeaceae, it ma\ be remarked that it agrees with
the former in its innate anthers, apocarpous ovaries, and nearly
solitary orthotropous seeds ; and with the latter in the presence
tlbumen, and of a sac enclosing the embryo. It differs
from Nelumbiacese chiefly in the albuminous seeds, and less
developed embryo, and in the absence of an enlarged torus;
while Nymphaeacese, bow< v< r close the alliance, are essentially
distinguished from both thi se families b\ their adnate anthers,
polj spermous and s_\ acarpous 01 aries, and analroyous seeds.*

• In both Nympbi and Cabombaceae me embryo is commonly

i mated nearly without ilie albumen, at the base of thr

. this important diffi that in the latter the

ed a) th< true base of the seed, i. e* dbxt th< chalaza;

win'' Pap reracete, ice.) il !•■ «imated at the ex-

On the Affinities of Ceratophyllacetf. 49

The two species of Ceratophyllum admitted by Linnaeus,
were distinguished chiefly by the presence or absence of lateral
spines. In a recent revision of the genus by Chamisso,* six
species are described, and a seventh is indicated by Dr. Wal-
lich. If these be distinct species, as is most probable, there
are doubtless others to be discovered. In this country, spe-
cimens are rarely to be met with in fruit, and consequently the
genus is little known. I am indebted to Dr. Torrey for the op-
portunity of examining specimens with ripe fruit, collected by
him, several years since, near Princeton, New Jersey, which
are wholly different from any species described or figured by
Chamisso. They agree, however, with a specimen from Su-
rinam, communicated by the late Mr. Schweinitz, except that
the fruit is a little larger. This plant, which I am disposed to
consider an undescribed species, resembles C. muricatum of
Chamisso more than any other, from which it differs not only
in the shorter and more slender terminal, and two lateral spines
of the fruit, but also more particularly in the whole margin
being beset with slender spines. It may therefore be called C.
ecldnatum.

In descriptions of a seed, it is important that the relation
of the hilum to the chalaza and micropyle should be especially
noticed ; or, which amounts to the same thing, that the spermic,

tremity opposite the chalaza or organic base, which, as in all anatropous
' seeds, occupies the geometrical apex of the seed. The radicle is ap-
proximated to the hilum in the former case, but points in the opposite
direction in the latter. See a figure given by Dutrochet, in Mem. du
Museum, 8} V. I, in which the embryo is plainly represented as dicotyle-
donous, although the author, adopting a very absurd view, attempts to
prove it to be monocotyledonous. See also, especially, the admirable
plate in the Memoir of Ad. Brongniart,* illustrative of the mode of im-
pregnation, and the structure of the ovule and seed, in Nuphar lutea,
which incontestably demonstrates the correctness of the view of Brown
and others respecting the nature of the sac which encloses the embryo.

* Ann. .Set. Xaturtllti, 12, I. 39.

* lAnncea 4, p. 503.

VOL. IV. 7

.%

oO On On A /fin i ties <>f CeratophijUacea.

rather than the ptrioarpic direction of the embryo should be
particularly indicated ; since the former affords characters of
the highest rank, from which the latter may be inferred when
considered in connexion with the direction of the seed. It is
also desirable that the classification and nomenclature of ovules
proposed by MiiUl* should be extended to .seeds, and gene-
rally employed in systematic descriptions, which would thus be
rendered much more simple and perspicuous. Thus, if we
nie the expression, teed anatropous, it is understood that the
micropyle, and consequently the radicle, is situated in the im-
itc vicinity of the hilum, and thai the chalaza, or organic
base of the ^cci\, occupies (if the embryo be straight, or nearly
so,) the portion most remote from the hilum, with which it is
connected by means of a prolongation of the funiculus, called
the raphe. t

• Ann. Science* Naturelles, vet. 17.

t An instance <>f the separation of the raphe from the testa, in one of
the two seeds of the fruit ofSeringia )>lniyphylla, is represented l>y M.

<iny in the seventh volume of the Mem. du Museum, t. 17.

Vi*fc

9 **

*

^

Notice of the Appearance of the Pine Grosbeak, Pyrrhula.
Enucleator, in the Environs of New-York. By James F.
Ward.

Read December 19, 1836*

The Pine Grosbeak has been Ions; known as an inhabitant
of the extreme northern regions of both continents. Wilson
records two solitary instances of their appearance in the neigh-
bourhood of Philadelphia, but it seems to have been very
rarely observed within the limits of the United States.

Mr. J. Bell and myself have met with this beautiful bird in
abundance during the present season, (from October 1836 to
March 1S37,) not only at Weehawken, opposite to this city,
but at Tappan, twenty miles farther north, and also on the south
side of Long Island, many individuals having been exposed for
sale in our markets, and they seem, in fact, to have spread
themselves over the whole region, more particularly where the
Red Cedar, Juniperus Virginiana, is to be found. We have
never before met with them, though actively employed in col-
lecting for ten years past, nor have we heard of their being seen
here since more than twenty years ago, when, as we are in-
formed by Mr. E. Guillaudet, he procured in the market the
pair now preserved in the American Museum in this city. We
can only account for their unusual appearance by the early cold
weather, and the prevalence of northerly winds during several
weeks past.

They appear to feed entirely on the hard kernel of the cedar
berries, not, like other birds, swallowing the whole fruit. When
feeding they are remarkably tame, so that we have frequently
approached, at that time, within four feet of them. They are
generally met with in small parties of from four to fifteen in

52 Notice of tht Ajrpcaiancc of the JPim Grosbctri;.

company. When shot at, or disturbed, they fly offin different
directions, tiering a shrill loud note or call. When single
they seem very restlesa. repeating their call incessantly. They
are very active in pursuit of food, and are frequently seen flut-
t « r i 1 1 lt upward after berries in the same manner as the common
Cedar Bird.

Among our specimens, amounting to some hundreds, many
of which we dissected to determine the sex, we have observed
i lie following principal varieties :

1. Those with the plumage, above and below, principally of
a bluish may, with the crown and rump dark olive, approach-
ing to orange. These we take to be the young of the year.

2. Those which have these parts crimson, except that the
back feathers are merely bordered with this colour, the centre
being dark. According to Temminck they arc the males after
their first moult.

.'5. Those which have scarlet instead of the crimson, the
malefl after the second moult.

4. Those in which the crown is dark brown, the rump yel-
li>w-oli\c. and the back cinereous, and the head a mixture of
cinereous and olive-green, and all exhibiting traces, more or

. evident of the cinereous plumage. From this last cir-
cumstance it would appear that they were males' in the third
war, though not answering to the description given by Tem-
minck.

5. Those in which the brown parts of the last-mentioned
are bright orange-brown, especially the rump, with Bcarcelj a

faint trace of red. This appears to be an old individual, and,

from dissection, we are of 'opinion that it is an old female.

Descriptions of Five Sjtecies o/Tespertilio that inhabit the
Environs of the City of Ncic- York . By William Cooper.

Read February 6, 1S37.

The difficulty of determining the species of Bats is well
known to zoologists. It is but recently that those belonging lo
Europe have been settled with some degree of accuracy, and
it is not to be expected that the American species should be
already so well known as to leave no room for further investi-
gation. The Mammalogic of Desmarest, the latest general
catalogue, contains descriptions of but three species from the
continent of North America, those published by Rafinesque
being considered by that author as too little known and too
imperfectly described to be included in his text. Subsequent
writers, especially Say, Le Conte, Harlan, have made known
several others, so that the list of nominal species of Cheiroptera
belonging to the United States now comprises thirteen, without
including those of Rafinesque, or the Rhinopoma carolincnsis
of G. St. Hilaire, which has not been since observed, and is
admitted by the author himself to be very doubtful as an Ame-
rican species. These thirteen species have been referred to
the genera Vesjpertilio, Nycticcius, Taphozous and Flccotus.*

My object in the present communication is to establish and
clear up the synonymy of several species which I have ob-
served in this vicinity, and by means of more extended de-

* In a report on the Zoology of North America, read to the British Associa-
tion by Dr. Richardson, at their late meeting in August 1836, he assigns sixteen
species of Cheiroptera to North America. Not less than twenty-four have been
described or indicated under separate names by authors, of which eleven are by
Rafinesque.

m

i\ Five Species of VtspertUio,

BCriptiooa and comparisons tlian have been heretofore given, to
enable the student to determine them with as little difficulty as
their dose resemblance will permit. The materials for doing
this have bees derived partly from my own researches during
>i\( ral years past] and partly from the liberal communications
of my friends, especially Major Le Contcof this city, the Rev.,
Dr. Bachman of Charleston, and Doctors Pickering ami Mor-
ton of Philadelphia. Through their assistance I have likewise
been enabled to make some interesting observations relative to
Other groups of this family, which I propose to communicate
as I find opportunity to prepare them for publication. I hope
in this manner to lay the groundwork for a complete account
of the Cheiroptera of the United States, which however much
to be desired, I have not at present the requisite materials to
undertake.

1. Vespertilio riaiNcsis.

\ • spertilio pruinosus, Sai in Long's Exp. I. p. 16S. Richard-

-.in. r.iima Bor. Am. I. p. 1.
Nycticeiufl i< qgelatus, R if. ?
Hoary Bat, Godmazt, Am. Nat. Hist. I. p. 6S. PI. I. fig. 3-Rich.

L c.

Description!

In the ire ne ral appearance of the upper parts it much re-

sembles the common Red Bat, though more variegated in

Colon The ears an' of moderate size and rounded, hairy

above next the head, with a naked anterior lobej the inside

al-o hairy, except on the OUter portion and round the border;

tragus hairy, irregularly triangular, obtuse and arquated, with
the outer angle curved forward ami the inner attached. About

tin- car- and front the eolor of the fur IS a pale tawnev, the

remaining uppi r parts <>f the bod) including the flarixs and
interfemora] membrane, except a narroTi edging round the
latter, of a dark f. i in ginous, intermixed with dusky black on

v i T

Five Species of Vespertalio. 55

the back, and all tipped with white, giving it a peculiarly hoary
aspect. There is a small whitish hairy patch near the first or
elbow joint of the wing membrane, and another at the base of
the thumb, and in some, a third at the base of the fourth pha-
lanx, the remainder of the membrane above being naked.
Beneath, the lips and lower jaw are dusky black, throat and
neck pale yellowish. At the insertion of the wings is a white
mark as in V. noveboracensis, on each side, between which
the fur is dusky brown tipped with white, like the upper parts.
Lower down it becomes much mixed with pale tawney, Avhich
predominates on the flanks, and extends, forming a hairy bor-
der of half an inch wide up the membrane, to the origin of
the phalanges. The remainder of the wing and interfemoral
membranes naked.

The sides of the interfemoral membrane are sustained by a
bony process (os calcis ?) three fourths of an inch long, project-
ing in a curved line, and articulated with the tibia. This is not
peculiar to the species, but is more than usually apparent.

Incisors -^- canines -^- molars 4-r-=30.

6 1 — 1 5 — 5

. Total length 4.3 inches.

Tail - 1.8"

Fore arm 2.0"

Tibia 0.9"

Spread 15 . "

I have no doubt of the identity of this Bat with the pruino-
sus of Say, as well as of Richardson, who has described its
external markings with minuteness and accuracy. The differ-
ence in size remarked by Dr. Richardson in his specimen is
not greater than I have observed betvyeen different specimens
of the smaller species ; but the dental formula given by him,
is materially unlike that which I, after repeated examination,
have laid down as above. In fact, this and the following spe-
cies agree strictly in all the peculiarities of their dental system,

5G Fi rt Species of Vespertilio.

both a- to the kind and number of the teeth, and form togethet
a small natural group, the Nycticeius of Rafinesque, which
however 1 have not thought it expedient to adopt as a genus,
as they differ so little in habit and external characters from our
other Vespertiliones. The external resemblance between these
two species is also very great, so that they might be confound-
ed without a close inspection of the markings. But the Hoary
Bat is much larger ; besides, as Say observes, many minor
differences, of which the most conspicuous are the black lips
and chin, and buff-colored cravat of this species. The hairy
patch oear the elbow joint I have not found in any instance in
the New -York Bat, and in all the varieties of this latter there
is an obvious reddish tinge, approaching sometimes to lake, on
the under parts (as well as upper) of which there is no appear-
ance whatever in the large species. The white mark at the
insertion of the wings is found in both.

Though first described by Mr. Say from a specimen obtained
beyond the .Mississippi, there is now reason to believe that this
line species is common in the Atlantic States*. Previously
to the expedition of Major Long it had been captured in Phi-
ladelphia, and a specimen from Georgia has been communicated
to me by .Major Le Conte, and another by Dr. Bachman
from Charleston, South Carolina. That from which the above
description is chiefly drawn up, was shot by Mr. J. F. Ward,
in the month of November, near the heights of Weehawken,
in .New Jersey, neat this city, in broad daylight It was hov-
< ri 1 1 lt and fluttering about the precipice in tho manner of other

Bate, and occasionally darting towards the low grounds, more

like ;i bird. J have witnessed at the same locality the similar
evolutions of a fiat, probably of this species, that was flying
about early one line aftemooff, though it kepi below the shadow
<>i the rock-, li is not improbable that it migrates hither
from tii' north, Dr. Richardson having met with it in kit. ol .

Five Species of Vespertilio. 57

2. Vespertilio noveboracensis.

New- York Bat, Penn. Syn. p. 367. Idem Arct. Zool. I. p. 184.

Vespertilio noveboracensis, Gmel. Syst. I. p. 50 sp. 21. Geoffrot
St. H. in Ann. Mus. S. p. 203. Harlan, Fauna Am. Idem,
Month. Am. J. I. p. 220. Godman, Am. Nat. Hist. I. p. 68.

Red Bat of Penn. Wils. Am. Orn. VI. pi. 50 p. 60.

Taphozous rufus, Lesson, Man. Mamm.

Nycticeia noveboracensis, L. C. ifi App. to Mc Murtrie's Cuvier,
I. p. 441-

Dcscription.

Ears short, roundish, naked on the anterior half above, and
furnished merely with a thin covering of fine hairs within.
Color of the fur above reddish tawney, in some individuals
deep, and more properly ferruginous ; in others very light-
colored : the base is of a light ochreous tint, towards the end
it is reddish tawney, ferruginous, or lake, and often finely tip-
ped with white, giving it a slightly hoary or cream-colored
appearance, according to the predominance of one or the other
of these tints. The reddish tawney always predominates on
the interfemoral membrane, which, and the feet, are densely
hairy down to the very edge. The wing membranes are en-
tirely naked above, with the exception of a small spot at the
base of the thumb, and about the base of the fore finger, which
in some individuals extends half an inch down each side of
the phalanx, though in others there is scarcely a trace. At
the insertion of the wings is a white mark, most conspicuous
on the under side. Beneath, the colors are similar to those
of the back, though paler ; a hairy border extends along the
anterior side of the membrane to the divergence of the phal-
anges. This part of the membrane is light yellow or tawney,
while the rest is dusky both in this and the preceding species.

VOL. iv. 8

p

58 Five Speetes <>j Vesj'crlilio. *

\+ • \

Incisors -^- canines -|~ molars ^- = 30.

•<

Total leagtb - - - - from 3.0 to 3.S inches.

T.-.il. abort '• i.3 " 1.5 - • ^

Pore arm "1.3 *" 1.5 t*

Tibia ------ " 0.7 " 0.S •» ■ »

Bpread » 10.0 " 11.0 «

There lias been much disagreement among authors respecj- % •% ;
ing the dental system of this Bat. Say first detected the error -v
of Pennant, who thought it had no upper incisors. F. Cuvier
is the only author who has given a complete dental formula
for the species, but it is not correct.* Desmarest, following
Rafinesque, arranges the V. noreboracensis under the genus
Atalapha, characterized by the total absence of incisors ! The
above formula may be relied on, having been carefully verified
by my own repeated examinations, and confirmed by the notes
communicated by Major Le Conte.

The Red Bat of Pennsylvania, figured in the sixth volume
of Wilson's Ornithology, is no other, as Godman has remark-
ed, than this species, and one of the lighter colored varieties.
Lesson, an industrious French naturalist, concluded from
Wilson's account of its dental system, that it belonged to the
African genua Taphozous, in which he has been followed by
Cuvier in his Becond edition, with what reason may be infer-
red from our description. In (fleet the incisors rise so little
above the gum, and even in prepared skulls the lower are so
minute and so crowded together, that the most eareful inspec-
tion with a lens is requisite to di li el the actual number.

The Red or New-York Bal is common over a great extent
of country, including the southern and middle states, and the
western to near the Elockj .Mountains, where it was met with by
Major Long'fl party. During winter it remains in a torpid
State in caverns and similar places, where it has been found at

• Dmta dta Mtmmifi ri «, p. 48.

t.

Five Species of Vespertilio. 59

this season in the States of New-York and Pennsylvania. In
summer it is frequently discovered in woods suspended during
> the day by its thumb claws to a twig behind a cluster of leaves.
Its habits are in other respects similar to those of its tribe.
The female is larger than the male, and produces four or five
young at a birth, though others of the genus are said to have
but one.

V, borbonicus of Geoffrey is no doubt a very different spe-
cies, as well as V. lasiuriu of Schreber, also figured by Geof-
froy, unless we suppose the ears to be very incorrectly repre-
sented by these authors.

3. Vespertilio noctivagans.

Vespertilio noctivagans, L. C. in App. to Mc Murtrie's Transl. of

Cuv. R. An. I. p. 431.
Vespertilio Auduboni, Harlan, in Am. Monthly Jour, of Geot

p. 220. pi. IV.
Silver haired, or Audubon's Bat.

Description*

Ears dusky black, rather large, naked on the anterior por-
tion, somewhat ovate and obtuse, with two emarginations on
the outer posterior border, produced by two plaits ; naked
within, and with the tragus moderate, ovate, and obtuse. Color
above, a uniform dark dusky brown approaching to black. On
the back the fur is somewhat glossy and tipped with silvery
white, forming an interrupted line across the shoulders, and
thence irregularly mixed down the centre of the back. Inter-
femoral membrane thickly hairy on the upper part, becoming
thinner downward and naked near the border. Tip of the tail
projecting about a line beyond the membrane. Feet hairy.
Wing membrane entirely naked. Beneath very similar to the
upper parts, though the light-colored tips of the hairs are more
yellowish.

GO Fire Species of Vespertilio.

Incisors -~- canines - molars -r :: T- = 34.

] — 1 5—5

Total length 3.8 inches.

Tail 1.5 "

Fore arm ....- 1.8 "

Tibia ---------- 0.8 "

Spread '- ■ - - 11-0 "

This species is easily recognised at sight by its dark black-
brown fur tipped with white on the back, and it cannot be con-
founded with any other of our Bats by the most heedless
observer. It was first described in the year 183] , both by
Major Le Conte and Dr. Harlan. The preface to the volume
in which the former gentleman's description appears is dated
in June ; that of the latter is contained in the Journal of Ge-
ology for November of the same year. These dates are my
only guide in deciding the claim to priority in favor of Major
Le Conte, by adopting his name for this species.

The Silver-haired Bat is tare in our vicinity, and I have
only obtained it from Long Island, where it is found during the
day in hollow trees. I have seen a considerable number, which
were remarkably uniform in their appearance. They are pro-
bably more common in the southern states, where they have
been observed by Major Le Conte.

l. Vespertilio carolinbnsis.

\'i KjM inliii rarulinmsis, (ieoefroy ^ t - Mii.airf, in Ann. ilu

Bfuseum, s p. I9;i, sp. 2. J i .i_' -^ . <>f ilu- head and cranium pis.
47 and 48. Le Conte, in App. to Mr Murine's CllV. I. p.
431.

Description.

liars large, naked, except near the head, and with a broad

and obtuae ii|i curving outwards; emarginate on the outer
posterior edge, tragus nearly a line broad, linear and obtuse,

Five Species of Vespertilio. 61

and as well as the inside of the ears, destitute of hairs. All
the upper parts of the head and body are covered with close
soft and glossy fur, of a uniform brown color approaching to
chestnut. Beneath the fur is of a pale dingy ochreous or yel-
lowish. The remaining parts are all naked with the exception
of a few scattered hairs on the toes. Last joint of the tail
free. Bony process supporting the membrane very apparent.

Incisors -^— canines ~, molars ——— = 32.

6 1 — 1 5—5

*' t

Total length 3.8 inches.

Tail -.---. 1.5 "

Forearm - -* 1.8 ■«

Tibia 0.8 "

Spread - - - 11.5 "

Though apparently well known to the French naturalists,
no American author who has written upon these animals ap-
pears to have been acquainted with this species, except Major
Le Conte, as above cited. It is common in Carolina and
Georgia, and rather numerous on the south side of Long
Island, whence I have frequently procured it.

5. Vespertilio subulatus.

Vespertilio subulatus, Say in Long's Ex. II. p. 65. Richardson

Fauna B. A. I. p. 3.
Vespertilio lucifugus, L. C. in App. to Mc Murtrie's Cuv. I. p. 431.
Atalapha fuscata, Raf. ?

Vespertilio domesticus, Green, in Cab. N. H. II. p. 200.
Say's Bat, Richardson loc. cit.

Description.

Ears rather large, naked except at the very base, narrowed
somewhat at tip, and obtuse, tragus linear, subulate, subacute.
The fur is fine and soft, of a grayish or cinereous brown color
above, beneath pale yellowish mixed with dusky. The re-

s t, .

<)-2 Fin Sj»ri,s i,f Y( spcriiKo.

m
raaioing parts are naked like the preceding species, tlie mem-
branes more delicate in texture and less dusky, and the tail all
eUgaged in the interfemoral membrane. » 4

Incisors 1=£- canines ~ molars 4=4- =38. *

■*

Total length ----------3.2 inches-
Tail 1.3 «

Fore ami 1.3"

Tibia - •- - - - - - 0.7 "

Spread ----- 9.3 "*

Say's Bat, and the Carolina Bat have a strong external re-
semblance, and might be mistaken for each other, though there
is considerable difference in size, which, with the different form
of the tragus will enable the student to discriminate between
the two species. The dental systems, it will be observed, are
very unlike. That of V. subulalus is correctly described by
Dr. Richardson, as I have carefully verified. From the spe-
cimens and M.S. notes communicated to me by Major Le
Conte, I am satisfied of the identity of this with his V.lncifugiis,
to which he also assigns the same dentary system.

This species, first made known by Mr. Say, in the notes
to the account of Long's first expedition, was afterwards more
minutely described by Dr. Richardson, who found it the most
common Bpeciea of J iat near the eastern base of the Rocky
Mountains! and Mr. Townsend has recently brought it from
Columbia river. A specimen obtained by Dr. Pickering
in the mountains <>l .Wu Hampshire, is preserved in the
cabinet of the Academy of Natural Sciences, and 1 have seen
another procured by Mr. Audubon, in Labrador. I have a
specimen from Pittsburg, on the Ohio. In our vicinity, and
in the city itself, it is pretty common. Major Le Conte,
and Mi- Bachman, have communicated specimens from Geor-
gia and Carolina. It is therefore, though one of the latest
known, at tin- same time one of the most widely diffused over
the I nited Slat. .

4
•a

Five Species of Vcspcrtilio. G3

Professor J. Green, has given in Doughty's Cabinet of
Natural History some interesting particulars concerning a
small species of Bat, V. domcsticns, which appears from his
description to be identical with this. He observed it to resort
in great numbers to a deserted frame building, concealing itself
during the day between the boards and the plaster walls, all
entering and issuing by one small aperture. This was in
western Pennsylvania.

- I here wish to corroborate the remark of Professor Green,.
that the number of incisors, at least in our Bats, is a permanent
character. I have seen nothing to favor the idea entertained
by several distinguished naturalists, that .any of the teeth are
deciduous, but on the contrary have observed them to retain
the entire number until quite worn with use.

On, Two Species of Molossus inhabiting the Southern United
States. By William Cooper.

Bead February 20, 1837. .

The great Prussian zoologist Pallas, in his SpicUegia
Zoologica, Fascicle IV. p. 8, suggests the name of Molossus
for a South American Bat, which had been previously made
known by Buffon and Daubenton, giving at the same time a
figure of the cranium, and pointing out some peculiarities in
its dentary system which distinguished it from all the other
then known species. Accordingly it became the VespettUio
molo$8US of Gmelin, in whose Systcma it forms a distinct sec-
tion, characterized as already indicated by Pallas.

M. Geoffroy St. Hilairc having undertaken a revision of the
great genus Vespcrtilio, proposed in the sixth volume of the
Annates du Museum, the V. molossus of Pallas and Gmelin as
iln' type of a separate group, for which he adopted the name
of Molossus, and added several other species, all natives of
South Ameiica. Illiger afterwards changed the name of this
-rim- in ])ys<q,rs, which is also employed by M. Temminck
in preference to the original name, but as the alteration seems
to have been introduced without sufficient necessity, we shall
with Cuvier adhere to that first proposed by Pallas.

This genus, extended so as to include the Nyctinomus of
( reofiroy, forms the subject of an excellent memoir in the
Monographies de Matnmalogie of Temminck. Nyctinomus
was originally founded on an Egyptian Bat, and the spe-
wcre for i time supposed to be confined to Asia and
Allien, until M. ' >< ofiroy the younger himself referred to the
same genua the Molossus nasutus of Spix, under the name of

Tivo Species of Molossus. 66

Nijctinomus brasiliensis. The geographical distinction being
thus done away with, and M. Temminck finding in the young
Molossi all the characters of the Nyctinomi has united them in
one. The Dinops of M. Savi, founded on a species observed
in Italy, there appears reason to believe is also a species of
Molossus, which thus proves to inhabit every quarter of the
old continent.

The fact of the existence of this genus in North America,
and especially so far north as the United States, has not been
hitherto made known, or scarcely suspected. Among several
collections of Bats from Carolina and Georgia that have been
recently submitted to my inspection, I find two apparently
distinct, which are clearly species of Molossus, and much re-
lated to some of the smaller ones so well illustrated in the
work of M. Temminck.

1. Molossus cynocephalus.

Plate TIL Fig. 1. the head. fig. 2.

Nycticea cynocephala, Le Conte in App. to Transl. of Cuv.R. A.

I. p. 442, sp. 3.
Rhinopoma carolinensis, Geoff.? Desm. Mamm. p. 130 ?

Description.

Color entirely sooty brown, darker above, paler beneath.
Ears with a very short rounded tragus, and remarkable for
being singularly and regularly crimped or fluted on their poste-
rior half. Numerous stout bristles about the face. Muzzle
broad, and lips thick and pendant, giving the ferocious expres-
sion characteristic of the genus. The wings long, and suffi-
ciently ample ; the interfemoral membrane naked, and partly
sustained by a slender bony process from the hind foot, the
tail extending half an inch beyond it. The tibia and fibula
short and robust, and included in the membranes their whole

VOL. IV. 9

66 Two Species of Molossiu.

length. Toes nearly equal in length, the two outer rather
more robust, and woolly on the outside, and all furnished with
fun,- long hairs springing from the roots of the nails, and forming
a fringe on the iniw r side of the foot. The fur is of a close
and velvetty texture, unlike die loose and long pelage of the
northern Vespertiliones.

i

1 ■ 1 — 1 • 1 — 1 l 5-5 0i>

Lncisors canines molars ■ ,- =3g.

i> 1 — 1 5—5

Total length 3.3 inches.

Tail 1.3 ««

Fon arm ----------- 1.7 M

Tibia - 0.5 "

Spread - 10.5 ••

1 have described this Bal from a specimen furnished to in«
Major Le Conte. The first and only' notice of the species
hitherto published is that -i\en by this gentleman as above

qUOted, Unless it lie the (lolllitflll ./»' h i /m/xi/iid ill foil HOISIS, as

supposed bj in} friend Dr. Pickering. There is however no
appearance of any nasal appendage 1 whatever, and it exhibits no
other affinity with thai genus. Major Le Conte obtained it in
(i( orgia, where as he informs me he has observed it in large
numbers together. Dr. Bachman has also sent me several
. and stall's that it is common ahoiit (Charleston,
though he had not observed it elsewhere. NO other writers
appear to have met with it. The curious crimping of the cars
mud in another species Croni Java, the Dysopes tenuis of
T( om. Monog. I. p. 228, pi. L9, fig. 2. The dentary for-
mula is derived from the MS. notes communicated by Major
Le ( lonte.

Two Species of Mohssus. 67

2. MOLOSSUS FULIGINOSUS.

Plate III. Fig. 3. The head, fig. 4.

Dysopes obscurus, Temra. Monog. T. p. 236, pi. XXII. fig 2. ?
Rhinopoma carolinensis, Geoff.? Desm. Mamm. p. 130 1

Color sooty brown, paler beneath, ears blackish, wings dus-
ky. Ears very broad and ample, occupying the whole side of
the head, but not crimped like the preceding. Tragus small,
but obvious. Muzzle prominent, face set with long hairs, lips
full, but less so than in the former species. Wings long and
ample for the genus, with close, scattered, short whitish hairs
on the under side. The interfemoral membrane naked, and
extending a quarter of an inch further than the wing membranes
down the tibia, and terminating in a border, the wing mem-
brane ending abruptly. The tail is robust, extending seven-
tenths of an inch beyond the membrane. Outer toes fringed,
and all furnished with a few long hairs like the former species.
The fur is also similar, much reserftbling that of a common
mole or scalops.

Incisors ^- canines -|=|- molars ^^? = 20.

4 1—1 5 — 5

Total length - - - 3.5 inches.

Tail 1.4 "

Fore arm 1.5 "

Tibia

Spread 9.6 "

I have seen but a single specimen of this species, which was
sent to the Lyceum of Natural History by Dr. JJoykin, of
Milledgeville, Georgia, where it was procured, and.it appears
to be altogether unknown to naturalists. With the exception
of the legs, from which the bones had been removed and the
skin unnaturally stretched, the specimen is in good preserva-

68 Two Species of Molossus.

tion, and so prepared that most of the teeth can be examined
without injury to it.

The Dysopcs obscunu of Temminck bears a close resem-
blance to our species, and may possibly prove to be the same,
when better materials for comparison shall be obtained. The
description of Jlhitwpoma carolincnsis applies equally to this
species with the former, and in the number of lower incisors
it corresponds still better with it. See Desmarest, Mnmm.

In order that naturalists may judge with what degree of pro-
priety I have referred these Bats to the genus Molossus, and at
the same time to complete their description, I shall subjoin
the characteristics of that remarkable genus, as laid down by
Temminck in his Monography,a work drawn up with great care
from materials obtained by the examination of all the principal
cabinets of Holland, France, England and Germany.

DYSOPES. Illig. Temm.

Vcspertilio, Linn. Gmel. Molossus, Geoff. Cuv. Desm.
Nyctvwmus, Geoff. Desm. Chciromclcs, Horsf. Dinops, Savi.

Incisive teeth variable in number with age, § , §, f , or f , or
even J in youth. The adult has constantly two upper incisors
more or less apart, and converging towards the point. The
lower small, bilobed, much crowded, (inferiorcs G conferti,
LC.), and all or part of them falling out from the excessive
development of the heel (or basal process) of the canine.

Canine teeth ?,, the upper large, channeled in front, the
lower as it were grafted on an immense heel touching, in the
adult, exactly at the base, but spaced in thr. you?ig, so as to
ledge the incisives.

Molar teeth t; in some species a fifth tooth, or little rudi-
mentary point, scarcely visible, between the canine and the first
upper molar (molares superiofes 5, anteriorilms minutis, LC.)

The total number of teeth very variable with age, so as to

Two Species of Molossus. 01)

serve to distinguish some species : the maximum is 32 or 34,
and the minimum 24 or 20.

M. Temminck observes, that notwithstanding these differ-
ences in the teeth, there is no genus of animals, Fells and Pte-
ropus perhaps excepted, more natural than that of Dysopes or
Molossus in his view of it. He then gives the following natu-
ral character as first drawn up by Geoffroy, with some additions
of his own.

" They may be easily recognised by their savage physiognomy
and the whole expression of their countenance; their large
head and broad muzzle had caused them to be compared to a
bulldog, and designated under the name of Molossus ; their
head is moreover increased in size by the ears, inclined over,
and almost resting upon the eyes, and appearing more fit to
protect the organ of sight, than to favor the perception of
sound ; they originate very near the commissure of the lips,
and after passing behind the auditory opening, they return for-
wards to unite together on the forehead. The greater part of
the Cheiroptera have the tragus of the ear placed in the audi-
tory opening, it forms a sort of second inner ear, which then
receives the name of auricle ; the Molossi differ from them by
having this auricle situated forward and outside : it is round
and pretty thick : in fine, the species of this genus may be fur-
ther recognised by their tail, which is long, but with only one
half engaged in the interfemoral membrane. Their tongue is
soft ; their muzzle not furnished with bristles ; and their nose
has none of those membranes or funnel shaped cavities which
distinguish the Vampyres, the Phyllostomes, &c. The nos-
trils are a little prominent, open in front, and bordered by a
raised edging. All the species have the hinder limbs very
short, the fibula perfect, often as thick as the tibia, and suited
by their divergence to serve for the attachment of the vigorous
muscles of their feet ; their toes nearly all equal, with short and
very crooked nails; all have silky hairs on their toes ; the outer
or inner toe of the hind feet more or less free from the others,

/U Two Species of Molossfts.

and in some degree opposable ; the thumb of the wing very
short, strong and broad : the upper lip* ample, with numerous
folds, tin nostrils placed in a muzzle projecting beyond the
lips: hut what is still more characteristic, is the apparent in-
sufficiency of tlic Ih in-- membranes, entirely dispropoitioned to
the volume of their large and heavy body ; their wings, with
narrow and deeply cul membranes, are so disproportioned in
some species, that one would say that the animal could scarcely
make use of them to transport himself to a distance, and that
they merely served as a parachute. Their hind feet are very
short, the tibia and fibula well separated for their whole length,
and of nearly equal thickness; their muscles are vigorous, the
toes armed with hooked nails, and the outer or inner toe free
and entirely separated from the others."

Tin- description applies with remarkable exactness to both
the Cheiroptera now under consideration, and tin- resemblance
Hues still more obvious when we compare them with the
excellent plates -/wen by Temminck ; where maybe found
figured several species of. similar dimensions, and otherwise
closely allied to them, which inhabit Brazil and other parts of
South America. From all these they may he readily known,
J), cynocephalus by its crimped ears, and D. fuliginosus by its
loni: h- r s and long and roliu.-t tail. The former differs moreo\ er
from all the genus in the shml still' bristles about the face, of
which however a feu are observed on die ]). cheiropus of

India.

What Temminck remarks relative to the insufficiency of
their organs of flight is not applicable to them nor the other
smaller American specii , The wings are indeed narrow in
comparison with the Vespertiliones, but long, and no doubt
capable of a protracted (light.

I regret that I can furnish no particulars of the habits of
ingular animals, but die attention of our naturalists
being now turned to tin' subject, it ia i" be hoped that the most
ample details concerning them will not long be wanting.

On Tivo Species of Plecottjs inhabiting the United States
Territory. By William Cooper.

Read April 3, 1S37.

Although the species which afford the type of this genus
or group of Cheiroptera, are sufficiently striking in their ap-
pearance, and are common in the populous parts of Europe,
it was not until the publication of the great work on Egypt
that they were first proposed by G. St. Hilaire as distinct from
the ordinary Vespertilipftes. The only ones then known were
two European, and one from the island of Timor. They are
characterised, besides what is common to them with the other
Bats, by the union of the base of the auricular conchs, which
are always remarkably ample, and sometimes enormous. Our
North American species, as we shall presently find, are further
distinguished by two large fleshy appendages in the form of
crests, situated between the eyes and nostrils.

Mr. Isidore G. St. Hilaire, published in March 1832, a
valuable memoir on this genus, in which he enumerates eight
species from various and remote parts of the globe. He sub-
divides them into those with ears of enormous size, (in some
instances as long as the entire body,) and those which are
merely ample. In the first he places four species, of which
three are found in Europe, one being also common to Egypt,
and the fourth brought from the southern hemisphere by Peron.
Of those belonging to the second subdivision one is European,
one Asiatic, and the two others American, one being from the
island of Porto Rico and the other from Brazil. This last is
much the largest of the known species, and the VespertUio

72 Two Specie* of Plccotus.

(Plains) Maugei of Porto Rico, is the only one which can

suspected of any specific similarity with those we have here

scribed. Bui if it be in reality identical with one of ours,

the description at present extant must be both too inaccurate

and too incomplete to supersede the necessity of a new one.

1. PliECOTUS LECONTII.
Plate III. Fig. 5. the head.

Plccotus macrotis LC. in App. to Mc Murine's Cuv. 1. p. 4.31.
Vespertilio Maugei, Desm. Mamm. p. 1457 Idem Nou. Diet?
Plccotus Maugei, Is. Geoff. Mag. dc Zool. 1832 ?
Longhaired Bat, Pen*. Arct. Zool. 1. p. 1S4. Clayton in Phil.
Trans.

Description.

Color of the back dusky, terminated with light brown, ap-
pearing somewhat variegated if the hairs be disturbed, fur long,
soft and close. The remaining upper parts are naked, with
the exception of the base of ears behind, and their anterior
lower honler, which is fringed with fine soft hairs, and a few
long fine hairs at the toe joints ; the membranous parts of a
uniform light brown like the back. The ears are larger than
the head, and half as broad as long, the auricle less than half
the length of the ears, narrow, Bublinear, obtuse, and curving
slightly outward. The nose round, set with numerous fine
lorn: hairs, and " a very large erect cristiform warty excrescence
on each Bide between the eyes and the nose.'' The under
side of the body clothed with fur, which is very dark dusky
at the base with very lighl gray tips, which predominate over

the dusk] more and more downward until it hecomes hetween
the legs almost a pure white. Tail slightly projecting beyond
die membrane.

Two Species of Plecotus.

Incisors -|- canines -^- molars ^ =36.

Total length 3.4 inches.

Ears, (in the dried sp.) ------- 1.0

Tail 1.7

Fore arm ----------- 1.6

Tibia 0.8

Spread 10.0

The Yespertilio Maugei of Desmarest, described from a
specimen brought from Porto Eico by Mauge, appears from
his description greatly to resemble this above described. The
discrepancies, which may be owing to his having only a pre-
served specimen, are nevertheless too great to allow us to
admit their identity without great doubts. Major Le Conte
procured it in Georgia, where it appears to be tolerably com-
mon, and Dr. Bachman has also sent it to me from Charleston.

Clayton's " Bat with long hair and great ears " appears to
be this species.

The name macrotis I have ventured to supersede, as being
in nowise distinctive of the species, but in reality derived from
a generic character, which, in some species is still more devel-
oped than in the present. The ears being therefore rather
small for the genus, this name becomes contradictory ; and no
American naturalist will regret the opportunity thus afforded
of paying a well merited tribute to the discoverer of so many
rare and remarkable animals of this country.

2. Plecotus Townsendii.

Plate 3. Fig. 6, the head.

Description.

Fur on the back dusky at base, brown at the tips, with a
ferruginous cast, the two tints appearing nearly uniform, and
VOL. iv. 10

71 Two Sfi /' J us.

not - ly contrasted as in the preceding species. The ears

are also fringed with fur in the same manner. Beneath, the

far is of a reddish cinereous or ochreous hue, lighter towards

tail, but not in the least whitish. The nose is similar, but

jhy crests between the eyes and nostrils appear to be

still larger, and in the preserved specimens are much more

con- The ears are similar, though every way more

ample in the present, and presenting a different outline imme-

dial r rising from the forehead; the auricle broader and

r. The wing and tail membranes are entirely naked,

dusky, of a thicker texture, and much more strongly reticulated

than in the first species.

Incisors -j- canines -^j- molars -^-=00.

Total length - - 3.8 inches.

1 ----- 1.1 '■

Tail 1.7 "

Fore arm ----- 1.8 '

Tibia - 0.8 "

Bpread - - - - 11.0 "

Three specimens of this very distinct new species were
brought from the Columbia river by Mr. John rLTownsend,
where he procured them on his late journey in company with

Mr. Nuttall. Jt is very like the /'. /.< <■<</////, but they may

lv readily known by the color of the under part of the body,

- which they differ in almost all their details of color

and proportions, the present being a larger and more robust

animal. Together they seem to form a small group in the

is, characterized by the double fleshy crest of the n
whieli i^ not, mentioned :is occurring in any other speeds.
I: bliged to describe th< I 1 Bats from dried

. in which stale the most characteristic mail.-, espe-
■ ■ head, are often difficult to detect, whatever

pail taken. J | );r . . in describing the head of the

Two Species of Plecotus. 75

first species, the language of Major Le Conte, from whose
notes I have also copied the dental formula.

Yespertilio megalotis, Raf., Plecotus Rajincsquii, Lesson,
which is described as having the auricle as long as the ears,
cannot be either of our species. I am not acquainted with
any other species within the United States.

Dii ofifu VditqueHnite, a rare ore of Chromium, in

tli. United States. By J. Tobrey.

Read April 27, 1835.

A bout five years ago some specimens of lead ores were pre-
sented to me for examination by Professor Moore of Columbia
College. They were taken from a mine near the town of
Singsing, in the state of New- York, about one mile south of
the State Prison. The mine had been wrought for silver
nearly as long ago as the period of the American revolution,
and has occasionally been opened since that time. In 1^27
a company was formed for the purpose of working it, under
the impression that it contained a rich vein of silver. In
Cleaveland's mineralogy (ed. 2, p. 53'!) native silver is said
(on the authority of Col. Gibbs) to occur at Singsing, in a
very small vein. Mr. F. Cozzens obtained a specimen of the
native metal in that locality in the year 1825. The company
just alluded to, had theold shall cleared out, and also made, I
believe, a horizontal opening communicating with the shaft,

the aide of the hill. A few barrels of ore were taken up,

and the enterprise abandoned. The specimens that I exani-

1 consisted of common galena, associated with copper
pyrites, crystallised carbonate of lead, malachite, and an
ochery looking Bubstance. The carbonate of lead was mostly in

I] prismatic crystals which had b( me blackened through-
out, probably by the sulphuretted hydrogen disengaged from

decomposing pyrites, but they still retained their high ada-
mantine lustre. Mostof the lumps of ore, contained much of
the substance, which I found consisted of clay, oxide

Discovery of the Yauquelinite. 77

of iron, and oxide of lead. The malachite was seldom in
large pieces, but was occasionally well characterized. Mr.
F. Cozzens found at the mine some fine specimens of green
phosphate of lead.

On carefully examining the specimens given to me by Pro-
fessor Moore, I observed a green, and a brownish -green sub-
stance, in small mammillary concretions, and also in a granular
and subpulverulent form. The mammillary portions were from
one to four lines in diameter. When broken they exhibited a
radiating structure, and a resinous lustre. They were brittle,
and yielded a greenish yellow powder. Before the blowpipe
this substance grows darker and decrepitates, but preserves its
green color. "With borax it forms a fine green bead. Its
powder boiled, with a solution of potassa, is decomposed,
and the product yields a golden yellow solution. When ace-
tate of lead is added to this solution, a copious yellow preci-
pitate falls, having exactly the appearance of chrome-yellow.
Nitrate of silver produced a crimson precipitate, and nitrate of
mercury, a deep red. Some of the yellow alcaline solution,
when concentrated by evaporation, yielded crystals agreeing in
character with those of chromate of potassa. A few grains of
the powdered mineral were mixed with fused chloride of sodi-
um and placed in a tube-retort ; on the addition of concentrated
sulphuric acid, dense red vapours of peroxide of chromium
were disengaged, part of which condensed into a liquid, resem-
bling in all respects the liquid called chloro-chromic acid,
by Dr. Thomson. The existence of chromic acid being now
rendered certain, it only remained to determine the base or
bases. A very few experiments showed that the acid was in
combination with oxide of lead, and oxide of copper. Hence
the mineral is a chromate of lead and copper, and is identical
with the Vauquelinite of Berzelius, the cupreous chromate of
lead of Cleaveland, and plorrib ch/rorni of Brongniart, (his
plomb chromate' being the red chromate of lead.) The min-
eral was first examined by Vauquelin, and noticed by him in

78 Diwovery of the VauqudinvU.

his analysis of the r, ,1 1 ad ore of 8ih ria* (the ore in which
chromium was discovered by that celebrated chemisl : but he
dot- • appear bo have regarded it as a distinct -
Cleaveland places it as a sub-species, after the chromate of lead.
It v rt, I believe, raised to the rank of a species by

'• Dnard,and adopted by Berzelius, who notices it in his essay
on tlic blowpipe, under the name of Vauquelinite. Most of the
mod, tii writers on mineralogy, consider it as distinct, both in
chemical and physical characters from the red ore of chronic, f
In the Bystem of blohs, Vauquelinite is still placed in the ap-
pendix which contains thejproposed species, or such as an? not
Btablished. It must occupy this place in any system
based on physical characters alone, until its crystalline form
can be clearly determined; and unfortunately it has hitherto
only been found, cither massive, or in crystals so microscopic,
that they cannot be submitted to the goniometer.!

The Vauquelinite is one of the rarest minerals known. Not-
withstanding it ih nearly forty years since it was discovered,
there is but one undoubted locality of it recorded : this is the

♦ This mineral is not a diehromate as Btated by Turner, (ed. 5. p. 570,) but

pound identical with tin- ordinary artiticial clirome yellow. It is only red

in a crysi;i)lii t when reduced to powder, like the red

chra potassa, and some other red crystalline matters. When it was more

abundant it \ d as a yellow, not as a red pigment There is, however,

lining with the redkado •, a disttnd species, lately determined

[ermann, and calk-d by him Melanochroite. It is crystallised, and its pow-

dcri- d colour. I»r. Thomsoo | I . L. p. 661)

■;-'1h ii ns ;i Subsesquichromab of Lead.

f Dr. Thomson (L a p. 61* Vauquelinite is a compound of two

atoms of chromate of lead, and one atom of oxide of copper; but Berzelius

calls it chromate plwmbu .« ■ 1 his

mpositioD is probably correct Thi obtained by the analy-

i Berzeli

Chromic acid . - • - 28

Protoxide of Lead - - I

• Oopper - - - id. mi.

* ! aerely phosphate of lead.

i . .'■'in.

Discovery of the Vauquelinite. 79

gold mine of Berezof, near Catbarineberg in Siberia, where it
accompanies the red lead ore. The green mineral found with
the red chromate near Cocoes in Brazil, may be the Vauque-
linite.

My motive for so long postponing an announcement of the
discovery of this mineral in the United States, was merely a
wish to make, first, a careful analysis of it ; but I have been
unable to do this, from the difficulty of obtaining a sufficient
quantity of it for my experiments. After the mine was found
not to be productive, the shaft was allowed to fall into ruin,
and to become full of water, so that it is impossible to open
the mine again without incurring considerable expense. I
visited the place last year, for the purpose of exploring among
the rubbish about the mouth of the mine, but I found only a
few very poor specimens of the ore. A quantity of it was
brought to this city some years since, but I have not been able
to ascertain what became of it. As it may be several years
before a new supply of the mineral can be obtained, I am in-
duced to offer this imperfect notice to the Lyceum, hoping
that it may induce some of our zealous mineralogists to visit
the locality and clear out the shaft. I ought to state in con-
clusion, that I have examined the splendid suite of Berezof
specimens in the valuable cabinet of our associate Mr. Cramer,
and I found his specimens of Vauquelinite to agree in every
respect with the Singsing mineral.

80 X in ('<• nera and Species of

,' of a •-■ ral ru vo Oi ru ra and Species of North
American Plants. By J. Torrkt.

Macranthera Lecontii, Plate 4.

Segments of the calyx entire, linear-lanceolate, scarcely one-
third the length of the corolla.

o

Root perennial Slem herbaceous, from two to three feet high,
simple, somewhat pubescent, obtusely quadrangular. Leaves nearly
smooth on both sides; lower ones ovate-lanceolate, opposite, petiolate,
pinnatifi Uv lobed, with the segments entire or toothed; the upper ones
oval, coarsely toothed; those at the base of the peduncles quite entire
Flowers, in a terminal raceme, erect. Peduncles about an inch long, de-
clined at the base, and Curved up ward towards the summit, C'llyx sub-
campanulate, deeply cleft; segments Dearly equal, linear-lanceolate.
from one-fourth to one-third the length of the corolla, acute. Corolla
How, an inch long and 2 — 3 lines in diameter, somewhat cylin-
1 and incurved, of a thick and pretty firm texture; border 5-toothed ;
the segments ovate-oblong, spreading. Stameris nearly equal, at first
included, but at length milch exserted, scarcely declined; filuments
woolly, rather thick; outliers about 3 lines long, linear, sagittate at
the mewhat cohering, woolly. Ovary ovate, acute, 2-celled,

!. Style very long and slender. Stigma simple, very mi-
nute. ( 'aptllU short, ovate, acuminate.

II. \ii. Iii dry pine woods on the Alatamaha, in Liberty
County. Georgia. Major Li Contei [n bogs, Middle Florida,
Dr. Chapman/ Flowers in September.

Ohs. This plant was discovered about Beven years ago by
Major I.'- Conte, from whom I received specimens marked,
•• A oew genus, allied to Grerardia." I proposed for it the
name Macranthera, but refrained from publishing it. in the ex-
pectati( hi that the discoverer himself would describe it, which
however, be declined doing, kindly permitting me the favour
of making known to botanists this interesting addition to our
Flora,

North American Plants. SI

A second species of the genus was shortly after received in a
collection of plants gathered by Dr. Gates in Alabama, speci-
mens of which were distributed by me under the generic name
of Macranthera ; but before I was prepared to publish my ac-
count of the new genus, it was described by Mr. Nuttall in the
Journal of the Academy of Philadelphia,* under the name of
Conradta fuschioklcs, that learned botanist not being aware that
a genus belonging to the order Gesneriacea3,t had already
been called Conradia by Martius, and hence Mr. Bentham,
in his revision of the genera of Scrophularinea?,t has adopted
my name, which he found in Dr. Lindlcy's herbarium, but,
by mistake, quotes it as Mr. Nuttall's. In the recent Synop-
sis of the Gerardieae, published in the Companion to the Bo-
tanical Magazine, edited by Sir W. J. Hooker, this error is
corrected.

Macranthera belongs to the tribe Gerardiece of Bentham,
in the order Scrophularinea3, and differs from Gerardia in its
deeply parted calyx, tubular corolla with a small spreading
border, and in the much exserted stamens. In the elongated
stamens it resembles Esterhazya,|| but in that genus the calyx
is only 5-toothed, and the corolla tubular-campanulate: the
habit also is very different. Like nearly all the plants of the
tribe Gerardieee, both species of Macranthera turn black in
drying. Mr* Bentham was only acquainted with M. fuschl-
oidcs, in which the segments of the calyx are longer than the
tube of the corolla, a character which he has introduced into
his definition of the genus ; but in M. Lcconlli the calyx is
scarcely one-third the length of the corolla ; so that the generic
character must be somewhat modified.

* Vol. vii. p. 88, t. ii. and xii.

t Nova gen. et. sp. &c, a work which had not reached this country at the
date of Mr. Nuttall's publication.

t Published in the Botanical Register for June, 1835.

II Esterhazya of Mikan., and Bentli. in Hook. romp. hot. mag. p. 203 ; Virgu-
laria, Martius Nov. gen. et. sp. 3, p . ; Gerardia § Dargcria, Cham, and
Schlcchl. (not of Bcnth )

VOL. IV. 11

82" \ Genera and Spe* it

A.MI'III WTIllS.

Calyx 5-parted, and unequal. Corolla tubular-infundi-
buliform; limb Bomewhal bilabiate, 4-lobed ; inferior lobe
somewhat larger. Stamens 2, superior, included; inferior
ones wanting. Style simple ; stigma minutely bifid. Cap-
mi. i: obcordate, compressed, 2-valved, opening at the sum-
mit; valves entire. Seeds numerous, naked, anatropous. —
Herbaceous, minute, annua!, throwing up filiform scapes; ra-
dical leaves linear, sessile ; flowers solitary, botb radical, and
at the summit of the scapes. — Nat. Old. Scrophulaiune/E.

A.MPIIIANTHUS PUSILLI S.

Root annual; fibrous, the fibres compressed, linear. Stem very slmo
compressed, bearing a toll of oblong-linear leaves at its summit. Leaves
about 2 lines long, rather obtuse, entire, veihless, somewhat succulent.
S cs filiform and very slender, and 1 — U jnch in length, compressed*,
bearing a single pair of opposite oval bracts at the top. Bracts nearly
. omewhat succulent, obscurely 3-nerved. Flowersvery
minute; radical ones 2 — V> on each plant, attached to short recurved
peduncles, which originate from the mi'i of leaves; terminal ones soU-
. neatly sessile between the brackv <i.<. without any proper pe-
dicel). Ca/yar' 5-parted; the divisions oblong, erect, very obtuse, dotted
with a Dumber of minute glands. Corolla scarcely a line in length,
white, Btraight, tapering downward; limb Bomewhal dilated", slightly
bilabiate, 4-lobed ; the L< t, rounded", and somewlial emarginate;

the inferior one larger. Stamens constantly :.'. superior, scarcely half as
long as the corolla; filaments slender, ad natc tin 1 lower two-thirds of
their Length, Bmooth ; cells of the miliars approximated, subglobose.
Ovary ovate; acute, compri ssed, surroanded ai the base with a minute
n 'I disk, '-'-<' Hi d, many -si sded; slyU rather larger than the ovary, subu-
1 .- n < : $tigma minute, bifid al die summit. CapsvUt broadly obcordate,
compressed, opening along the edge at the summit; valves entire, cos*
i dissepiment adhering to the valves. Seeds l<> — 15 in each cell,
ar-oblong, fuscous, straight ; embryo straight ; cotyledons oblong, dis-
tinct : radii h obloi

Mai;. — In small excavations on ilai rocks, where the soil ia
wet during tin flowerin on; Newton County, Georgia.

Flowen M ch and April. 1>i tf. C. Leavenworth!

North American Plants. 83

Obs. — Specimens of this minute plant were sent tome in
the autumn of 1S36, by the discoverer, and also byDr. Boykin,
of Milledgeville, Georgia, who received them from Dr. Lea-
venworth. It has hitherto been found only in one spot, where
it occupies a space of four or five feet in diameter, to the ex-
clusion of almost all other plants. It resembles, at first sight,
a Callitriche ; and when overflowed, the slender scapes,
■doubtless become natant. The plant belongs to the order
Scrophularineae, and is nearly allied to Veronica. Its characters
and habit are, however, so peculiar, that there can be little
doubt of its constituting a new genus. From Veronica it differs
in its tubular-infundibuliform, 5-lobed, and somewhat bilabiate
corolla. The most remarkable charcter of the plant, is its two-
fold inflorescence; part of the flowers being produced near the
root, on short naked pedicels which originate among the radical
leaves, while others are supported on long capillary bibrac-
teate scapes. The flowers in both situations are perfect ;
not like those of Amphicarpaea, some species of Polygala,
and many Violae, of which those produced near the root are
incomplete. In Milium am'phicarjpon Pursh, (of which Kunth
has made a distinct genus) the subterranean flowers, as in the
Amphianthus, are perfect, like those of the panicle.

In describing the seeds I have used the term anatropous in
the sense in which it is employed by Mirbel, and as explain-
ed by Dr. Gray in his excellent Elements of Botany.

Empetrum Conradii.

Branches smooth ; leaves subverticillate and alternate, nar-
row-linear, when young glandularly hispidulous, in the adult
state smooth ; flowers aggregated in small capituli, terminal
and axillary ; scales of the perianth § — G, obovate-oblong,
smoothish ; stamens 3 — 4 ; style 3 — 4-parted ; ovary 3 — 4-
celled.

c J Nt to (i< in r<i a in! Sjh cies oj

Sempervirent, procumbent* and much branched, spreading in a cir-
cular manner; the branehes Bubverticillate and fasciculate, ascending at
the extremity, invested with a loose gray cuticle, which separates and
exposes a rcrldish bark. Leaves coriaceous, ahout five lines long, and
scarcely half an inch in breadth, slightly pointed at the tip, crowded,
particularly towards tin summit of the branches, mostly somewhat ver-
tieillatc, hut often opposite, and sometimes alternate; the upper surface
bright green, under a lens, (particularly in the young leaves) appearing
red with minute short glandular hairs, when old nearly smooth;
the true margin remarkably revolute ; the edges nearly meeting on the
underside; apparent margin minutely denticulate; petiole very short
but distinct, arii< ulnted to the brandies. Male Fi.owkrs sessile in the
axils of the leaves al the summit of the last year's branches. Perianth
composed of 5 or 6 oblong, or obovate-oblong, smoothish scales, the inner
ones scarcely petaloid, forming an oval bud, from the apex of which the
stamens protrude. Stamens mostly 3, sometimes 1 ; filaments 2 lines
long, slender, smooth, inserted into a minute receptacle ; anthers
roundish, two-celled, opening longitudinally on the outside, no rudiment
of an ovary. — Fkrtile Flowers inconspicuous, collected in very
small heads al the summit of the branches. Each head composed of
!<• Lo 1;.' Bowers, surrounded with a number of short brownish concave
bracts. Scales pf the perianth ahout f>, obovatc, obtuse: the inner ones
•mailer, tinged rose-color, nearly smooth. Ovary obovatc, 3 — 4-cclled;
each cell containing a single ovule; style three times as long as the
ovary, purplish red, cleft below the middle; lha divisions somewhat
spreading.

Hai!. — Sandy fields in pine barrens near Cedar Bridge,

Monmouth County, New. Jersey! Also near Pemberfon Mills,
about ten miles from Burlington, in the same state, S. //'.
Conrad, Esq* ■'

Obs. — Ihis very interesting addition to die botany of die
United States, was first discovered by the late Solomon W.
Conrad, Esq. Professor of Botany in the Dniversirj of Penn-
sylvania, a short time before his death, but the infirm stale of

his health did not permit him to examine the plant. My friend

Dr. Pickering, of Philadelphia, supplied me with some of
Mi. Coprad's specimens, on which were a few male flowers,

and afterwards the same plant without fructification, was

North Amcriafii Plants. S5

communicated to me by Mr. Rafinesque. A careful examina-
tion of the scanty materials placed in my hands, soon con-
vinced me that this little evergreen belonged to the order Em-
petreje of Nuttall, and that it was a new species of Empetrum
itself, or possibly of Ceratiola ; but the want of more perfect
specimens, and especially of the fertile flowers, prevented my
determining the genus with certainty until the present spring.
About two years ago I made a visit to the locality at Cedar
Bridge, pointed out to me by Mr. Rafinesque, for the pur-
pose of obtaining the fruit. A large patch of it was found
about one hundred yards south of the western tavern, near
the roadside, and, on further search, a considerable quantity
was discovered about four hundred yards south-east of the
same tavern, in an open sandy space ; but I was unsuccessful
in my search for the fructification. It is a true evergreen,
growing prostrate in the pure white sand of that singular re-
gion, and forming dense circular mats, a yard or two in dia-
meter. The following year I procured a supply of the living
plants, which, under the care of my friend A. J. Downing,
Esq. of Newburgh, have lately produced abundance of pistillate
blossoms, but, for want of the staminate flowers, they will prove
abortive. The genus Empetrum belong 1 ; to the small natural
order Empetreae, which was first indicated by Mr. Nuttall in
his Genera of North American Plants, (published in 1818)
and characterized more fully by Mr. D. Don in the Edinburgh
New Philosophical Magazine (1826). Hooker, in the Bo-
tanical Magazine, (fol. 2758) has made some valuable remarks
on the order, under the genus Ceratiola of Michaux. The
only genera referred to it are Empetrum, Corcma, and Cera-
tiola, the whole including but five species, which are confined
to Europe and Extratropical America. Bartling (Ord. Nat.
p. 372) appears to have drawn the character of the order from
Empetrum nigrum, since it accords very well with that plant, but
does not agree in every respect with Ceratiola ; for he states the
number of the stamens to be three ; and both this author and

SG Xrir (hurra and Species of

Dr. Lindley describe the fruit as from 3 to 9-ccllcd, whereas
Ceratiola haa but two Btaraens, and a 2-celled, 2-seeded berry.
In that genus, however, the ovary is perhaps many-celled in its
young state, 01 rather is composed of many carpels, all of which
are abortive exc< pi two, for the short style is divided into nu-
merous stigmas, the number of which probably corresponds with
that of the cells or carpel-. In Corema the fruit is 3-celled.

Jussieu referred to Ericeae tin 1 only genus of this order
known to him, bul without being satisfied with its station. Nut-
tall correctly remarks that Empetrese resemble Ericeae onh in
their leaves, though I cannot agree with my Learned friend in

arding them as closely allied to Coniferae. Mr. Don, (with
whom Lindley seems now to agree) thinks the order holds an
intermediate place between Euphorbiaceae and Celastrinec.

The nvw species here described has a strong resemblance
to the 11. album a native of Portugal, which D. Don, on ac-
count nf its 3-celled fruit, has separated from the other species of
the genus, under the name of Corema.*. It lias much the habit
of K. riihrum, WUld.i a native of the southern extremity of
South America. It diners, however, in its much narrower
1( aves, which are not woolly on the margin, hut merely fringed
with short glandular hairs, and in its nearly smooth branches.
Th' - of tin 1 flowef also are fewer iii number, and of uni-

form texture and appearance.

All the individuals of this species that I saw at Cedar
Bridge were probablj pistillate, bul I could discover none of
the fruit, either on the plants or in the sand about them. It

may seem remarkahle that an evergreen shrub should so long

have escaped detection, in a region which has been so much
explored b) botanists a- the sandy district of New Jersej ; but
man) of the plants of those pine barrens are extremely local,

and there are >till large traels of the country south of ToiBfl

• / I I. c,

« »l t lu-. specie* is given in t lie Bolcnt iter for

1836, i i •

North American Plants. S7

River, that have not yet been examined. Indeed, almost every
year some additions are made to the Flora of New Jersey, by
the discovery of new and rare plants,, chiefly from Monmouth,
Gloucester, and Burlington counties. It is not improbable that
in some of the unexplored parts of the pine barrens other lo-
calities of our Empetrum will be found, with the ripe fruit,
which is still a desideratum in its history.

In an abstract of the botanical discoveries ofDe la Pylaie in
Newfoundland, published in the Transactions of the Linnaean
Society of Paris, this zealous botanist (who never lived to com-
plete his Flora of that large island) enumerates the Empetrum
rubrum. Can this be identical with the South American spe-
cies, or is it our .E. Conradii? The Sckizaa pnsilla of Pursh
affords a remarkable example of a plant growing in two places
widely separated in latitude, and only in one intermediate spot-
Gaudichaud found it in the Falkland Islands, and De la Pylaie
in Newfoundland, while between these two points it has only
been detected in the pine-barrens of New- Jersey.*

LEAVENWORTHIA.t

Calyx somewhat erect, equal at the base. Petals equal*
cuneiform, truncate or emarginate. Filaments distinct,.,
toothless. Silk ;(JE sessile, oblong-linear, compressed, some-'
what inflated and torulose ; valves indistinctly nerved. Style
distinct, or almost wanting. Stigma minutely bidcntale.-
Seeds in a single scries, flattened, with a broad \\ inged margin-
Funiculus free 4 Embryo nearly straight, or with the radicle

* See Ann. Lye. vol. ii. p. 20li.

t In honor of Dr. M. C. Leavenworth, of the United States army, an indefati-
gable botanist, who has largely contributed to our knowledge of the plants of
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Florida.

% Adhesion of the funiculis to the septum is not a frequent character in Cru-
eiferae. Dc Candolle remarks, that it occurs only in Petiocallia andLunaria. It
has since been noticed in Ptcrolobium, 'Andrz. and Coringia, Heist.

v ^ New UtnerQ and Species of

somewhat bent on the cotyledons: the radicle very short, co'
rjical, pointing obliquely upwards towards the bilum. CO-
TYLEDONS Orbicular. DlSSEPIMBNT 1-nerved, minutely reticu-

lated; the areolae transversely linear-oblong. Herbaceous,

annual ; leaves lyralely pinnatifid ; flowers on long subradical
peduncles, or in loose racemes, yellow. — Nat. Ord. Cruci-

r 1 1 1 ,

Li;.\\ r.\\\'"i;Tii ia aikea, Plate 5.

Style distinct ; embryo nearly straight.

R rf straight, 6im pic, descending. PI mil 2 — inclics high. Stem nt fir-»
short and simple, but at Length branching from the base; the branches
assurgent, Bmooth. Leaves mostly radical, about 2 inches long, (including
the petioles; pinnatifid : rathi r thick ; segments "1 — 1 parts, roundish-ob-
long, with a few obtuse teem : terminal one much the largest, somewhat
orbicular. Racemes 4 — 10-flowered. Flowers in the young plain, so-
litary, "ii long erect naked peduncles; in advanced specimens racemose
on the short assurgent branches. Pedicels without bracts, an inch or
more in Length, filiform, spreading and curved upward. Calyx imbri-
cate in aestivation*, rather Loose; sepals oblong, obtuse, tinged with
purple. Petals yellow, tapering to a Long eune;itc base; the limb
truncate and somewhat emarginate. Stamens distinct; filaments
slender; anthers oblong. Ovarium sessile, oblong ; style short but dis-
tinct, straight; stigma minute, somewhat 2-toothed. Silique rather
more than an inch long, and nearly 2 lines in breadth, slightly torulose,
rather convex, obscurely nerved. Dissepiment very thin and transpa-
, separable into two lamina, with a waved central line, or raphe,
running (rom the summit to the base; under a strong lens exhibiting
sjiastarnosing veins or tubes, the interstices of which are more or Less
linear, and transvi rsi . oral right angles to the longitudinal nerve.f Seeds

a ol the sepal* ia very rare in Orucifera. It was tir^t
■ ■ i . I: Brown {Obs. on Plants collected by Oudney, c5tc p. 7.) in Navig-
niaand EUeotia, and Meyer has since detected it in Corin| H it. (/'/. of <
19 1.)
• K Brown, \\li<> tirst introduced the structure < > i the dissepiment into cha-
■ Crucifere, saya, he expects with much confidence that it
will j«r«-»« nt great uniformity in strict]* natural genera. Restates, that "in
man) b <■' rtairuy not in all, be found ■ rest mblance in tbia respect in

more c xtcn»ive gr. [ havi examined many Cru ohiefly North Ame

North American Plants. 89

usually 5, much compressed, suspended on short rigid funiculi, ap-
proximated so that their broad membranaceous margins somewhat over-
lap. Embryo nearly straight from the earliest to the most mature state.
The radicle points upward, at first inclined a little from the hilum, but
gradually approximating towards it. Cotyledons plano-convex.

IIab. — Wet places on the prairies in the vicinity of Fort
Towson, Arkansas ; also in Texas, and in Jefferson County,
Alabama ; Dr. 21. C. Leavenworth !

Leavenworth i a Michauxii.
Style almost wanting; radicle oblique.

Cardamine uniflora, Michx. I fl. Bor. Amer. 2, p. 29 ; Pursh, fl. 2, p.
439, D. C. ! syst. 2, p. 251.

Hab. — On rocks about Knoxville, Tennessee, Michaw!
v. s. in herb. Mus. Paris. On wet rocks, Kentucky ; very
rare, Dr. Short!

Obs. — This species is extremely like L. aurea, but ap-
pears to be distinct. In habit, and in the form and size of

rican specie--, without, however, finding this character at all uniform. In Sisym-
briurn Sophia and S. sophioides, the dissepiment is marked with two very strong
nerves, extending from the base to the apex, and the tubuli are reticulated ; the
areola? oblong and longitudinal. In S. obtiisanfjubnii- and S. Columna the tubuli
form distinct waved descending lines. In S. officinale the dissepiment is opake
and nerveless; the tubuli very minute, indistinct and descending. In S. ca-
nescens, Nutt. (which seems to be identical with Erysimum pinnatwm, Walt.
Cardamine Menziesii, D. 0. and S. brachycarpum, Richards.) the tubuli are irre-
gular, but a large proportion of the areolae are linear and trausver.se, and the dis-
sepiment is 1 -nerved. The funiculi are also adnate. Sisymbrium ThaKana
has no midnerve to the dissepiment, and the tubuli are reticulated, funning
oblong longitudinal areolae.

The tubuli in Arabia ornbigua, D. C. and A. pendula, Linn, are descending,
forming tortuous parallel lines ; but in A. Tvirrita they aro irregularly reti-
culated, and the areola amorphous. In A. Canadensis they are exceedingly
contorted and irregularly reticulated. Notwithstanding this variety in the
structure of the dissepiment, it is very constant in the same species, and the
characters derived from it are doubtless otten of generic importance.

VOL. IV. i'A

90 .V. w 0\ m ra and Sj„ dps of

the leaves and flowers, the resemblance is striking. The style.
however, is very evident in the latter, but is almost wanting in
/.. Michaweii. The difference in the direction of the radicle
to be constant. EVom the appearance of the dried
. I am of opinion that the flowers in the second
spee pale yellow. Michaux Btatea that the peduncles are

solitary and one-flowered ; but 1 observed his specimens to be
caulescent, the short assurgent stems bearing elongated one-
flowered peduncles, as in the southern species.

For my first knowledge of the L. aurea 1 am indebted to
my friend Dr. Short of Kentucky, who shared with me the
Bpecimens he received from Dr. Leavenworth, its discoverer.
Subsequently I received some excellent specimens from Dr.
L. himself. Its general appearance is that of a Cardamine,
and I supposed it might be a species of that genus, but on ex-
amining the seed I was surprised to find the embryo almost
perfectly straight, so that the plant could not be referred to
either oi 1 >e Candolle'e great suborders of ( Iruciferse, the coty-
Iedons being decumbent in Plkirokhiz.e, and incumbent in
NOTORHKLfi. Indeed it is the only species belonging to this
family, with which I am acquainted, in which the embryo
jept in the earliest state) is straight.*
Alter I had complete.! my deseription of this plant, 1 re-
. <d from Dr. Short a good specimen of Cardamim wiir
flora^ a species which I had seen in Michaux's herbarium,
and which I was very desirous of examining again, and com-
paring with the Leavenwortbia. It proved to be a Becond
species of the genus, readily distinguishable by the almost
entire absence ol the style.

Respecting the value of characters derived from the embryo

the ba.-is of classification in this large order, some of the

most distinguished modem botanists differ in opinion. Schkuhr

. Gsertnerwere well acquainted with the principal diversi-

tructure which the embryo in Oracifera exhibits.

among Leguminous.

North American Plants. 91

With the latter botanist originated the terms accumbent and
incumbent now so generally employed, although neither he nor
Schkuhr used these characters in classifying the Cruciferae. The
form and direction of the Cotyledons were first introduced into
the generic characters by R. Brown, in the second edition of
the Hortus Kewensis, (vol. iv. 1812) but not extensively, as
this was not a suitable work in which to develope his views.
De Candolle, in his Systema (1S21), and in his Memoire sur
les Cruciferes (1821), as well as in his Prodromus, (vol. i.
1S24), adopted Brown's idea of the importance of the embryo
in this family, and made it the basis of his classification, but
carried it further, perhaps, than the great English botanist in-
tended. It must be confessed that there are a few instances in
which the modifications of the embryo are not even of generic
importance, as in Hutchinsia alpina and petrcea, noticed by
Brown, the cotyledons being accumbent in one species and in-
cumbent in the other. In Lepklium Yirginicum, as shown in
Schkuhr's figure, {Handb.* 2, t. 180,) and in Hooker's Flora
Boreali-Americana, the cotyledons are accumbent, while in the
rest of the genus they are incumbent. Capsella Bursa pastoris,
which has incumbent cotyledons, is now generally admitted to
be distinct from Thlaspi. In Cakile, as the genus is limited by
De Candolle, there are species in which the cotyledons are
not accumbent. In the figure of C. cequalis, as given by De-
lessert in his Icones Selectee, f (the drawings of which were exe-
cuted by Turpin,) the cotyledons are represented as mcumh ///,
a circumstance which appears to have escaped the notice of
De Candolle, although he quotes the figure in his Prodro-
mus.^: In C. maritime/,, C. A. Meyer§ states that lie found the
seed in the lower cell of the silique, having the nidicle oblique
or tangent to the limb of the cotyledon, while in the upper cell

* There called L. Iberis, but not the plant of Linnaeus thus named.

f 2, t. 57.

X 1, p. 186.

§ Erntm. pi Cauc. p. 186. (1831.)

92 The Genera arid Species of

the cotyledons were incumbent. I have carefully examined our
common species of this genus, which is generally regarded as
hardly a variety of ( '. maritima, but I find the cotyledons con-
stantly accumbent. Once, indeed, I saw the lower seed with
incumbent cotyledons, while in the upper they were in the or-
dinary state. In another instance they were incumbent in the
inferior seed, and spirally twisted on the axis of the silicle in
the inferior. In our common Arahis lijr<ti<i* the cotyledons
are obliquely incumbent, the radicle lying close by the edge.

De Candolle states in his Mem. stir [<■■•< < 'rucif, that of 970
S] m icies of this family, described in his Systema, he had dissected
the fruits and seeds of more than 700, and yet he noticed
scarcely any anomalies. lie, however, overlooked the in-
cumbent cotyledons of Arahis Thaliana, Linn., which Sir W.
Hooker, following Gay,f has very properly removed to
Sisymbrium, as the radicle is truly dorsal.

Some valuable observations on the embryo of Cruciferae, by
MM. Mnnard and Gay, are recorded in the seventh volume
of tin- Annales des Sciences Naturelles.J They give an account
of seventeen species which deviate from the character of the
suborder to which they were referred in the Systema. Some of
these were corrected by De Candolle himself in the Prodro-
mu8, while others were merely placed in wrong genera.
Aboul half the plants noticed by these botanists are examples
of accumbent and incumbent species existing in the same genus.
Dr. Brown (in PI. of Oudney, p. 6,) thinks that in dividing
Cruciferaj into natural sections, we are not to expect absolute
uniformity in the state of the cotyledons; at least in theaccum-
benl and Qatly incumbent states. This learned botanist does
not, however, inform us to what extent he is at present disposed

* The tubuli of the dissepiment in this species are like those of A. Ctum,!, nets.
\ i • 8c Nat. 7. p. 399.

ITatlollB 8Ur quelqU68 Cniciti'rcs (U ; rritcH par M. Do ('ari'lollc <lans le

eeeoixi relume d< t. Nat. Beg. Veg. — Par I. P. Monard, aveo dea n i

. '. 7, pp. 389-419, I L826.)

North American Plants. 93

to employ characters derived from Cotyledons, in subdividing
this great natural family.

I have remarked that the genus Leavenworthia can hardly
be referred, with certainty, to either of De Candolle's
grand divisions of the Cruciferas. In the mature seed the
radicle is only about one-fourth the length of the cotyledons,
very slightly curved, or bent a little to one side, thus showing
a tendency to become accumbent. This is its form at the
earliest appearance of the embryo.* It is always directed up-
ward (or towards the style, as the seed lies in the pod) ; at
first turned a little from the umbilicus towards the opposite
side of the replum, but gradually becoming erect, or even
inclining towards the hilum, as the seed becomes more com-
pletely campulitropous.

It remains for me to notice the affinities of this new genus.
Disregarding the peculiarity of the embryo, the only tribe of
Pleurorhiz.e, with which it can be compared, is Arabidece ;
and among Notorhiz.e, it has but little resemblance to any,
except to a small section (Arabidopsis) of the genus Sisym-
brium, all of which have white flowers.

In the form of the silique, and in the margined seeds, it ap-
proaches some species of Arabis ; but the valves are not nerved,
and the flowers are yellow. Its resemblance to the species of
Cardamine with pinnated leaves, particularly to C. Ludovi-
ciana,-f (which deviates from the character of the genus in its

* The embryo of Cruciferae, when first visible, is always straight, lying with its
radicle pointing to the foramen on one side of the campulitropous seed : viz.
that which would be the superior portion of it were the seed straight, with
the cotyledons directed to the curved part, or apparent summit. As the embryo
grows, it curves round, so that the cotyledons fold upon the radicle, and are thus
directed to the hilum, which, in seeds of this kind, is always next the foramen.
The gradual curvature of the embryo in Cruciferffl is clearly exhibited in plate
42, fig. 3 of Brongniart's admirable Memoire sur la Generation et le Developpe-
ment de VEmbryon dam les Veg. Pltaa. Ann. des Sc. Nat. torn. 12. I have ob-
served the same changes in Arabis Turrita and A. ambigua.

f C. glauca Spreng. (Deless. ic. 2, t. 31.) also has margined seeds.

9± -V- w Genera and Species of c£c.

broad silique, margined, and even winged seeds) is consider-
able, but it differs widely in the shape and color of the petals.
the structure of the dissepiment, and in many other respects. In
the broad Bilique and dissepiment (compared with any of the
Arabidese) it seems allied to some Alyssinese, especially if we
retain in that tribe the remarkable Selenia of Nuttall, which
resembles our plant in the transverse areolae of the dissepi-
ment, pinnatirid leaves, and yellow flowers. In that genus,
however, the fruit is broader, the style longer, and the seeds
are truly accumbent, although the radicle is unusually short,
and is directed horizontally with respect to the axis of the
fruit. Upon the whole I consider it more nearly related to
Selenia than to any other knQwn genus.

Description of the Plate of Leavenworthla.

:. 1. A young plant of L. aurea, of the natural size.

2. A full grown plant of the same.

3. A flower magnified.

4. A petal do.

5. The silique laid open to show the arrangement of

the seeds.

6. The replum and dissepiment, exhibiting the longi-

tudinal nerve, and the funiculi.

7. The embryo.

8. A transverse section of the same.

9. Pistil of L. Michauxii.

10. Silique of the same.

11. Embryo.

Observations on the genus Sarracenia ; with an Account
of a New Species. By H. B. Crooh. '(Corresponding
Member.)

Bead September 5th, 1836.

Having enjoyed very favourable opportunities of observing
the genus Sarracenia, and having examined all the known
species in their native situations, I have been induced, while
preparing a notice of an undescribed species, to extend my re-
marks so as to include a cursory account of the whole of this
curious genus. On account of their singular structure these
plants have alwa}'S been objects of more than common interest ;
and the fact that they are exclusively North American, gives
them an additional claim to the notice of our own botanists.
The genus Sarracenia,* was named by Tournefort, in
honour of Dr. Sarrasin, a French physician of considerable
eminence, who resided at Quebec,in the latter part of the seven-
teenth and in the beginning of the eighteenth century, and by
whom, probably, the earliest known species was sent to Europe.
Dr. Sarrasin was a correspondent of Tournefort, and also of
the Koyal Academy of Sciences at Paris, and appears to
have been a man of extensive acquirements, both in medicine
and natural history. Charlevoix, in his travels, referring to
the paper on the beaver, in the Memoirs of the Royal Aca-
demy, (An. 1704, p. 48) says — "On y a insere une descrip-
tion anatomique du Castor, faite par M. Sarrasin, correspondant
de TAcadcmie, Medecin du Eoi dans ce pays, habile dans la
me'decine, dans l'anatomie, dans la chirurgie, et dans la bota-
nique ; qui a l'esprit fort orne, et qui ne se distingue pas moins
dans la conseil superieure, dont il est membre, que par son

* Or, as it should have been written, Sarrasinia.

9G Observations on the genus Sarracenia;

ilite" clans tout qui est de sa profession. On est veritable-
ment Burpris de trouver une bomme d'un merite si univerael

dans une colonic."*

Kalraf also makes honorable mention of Dr. Sarrasin, and

»rms us that he died at Quebec of a malignant fever, con-
tracted at the hospital where be visited the sick.

The genua SarraCi nia was,itappears,originallyestablishedon
S. purpurea, the only species that extends as far north as ( la-
inula, and was placed in PolyandriaMonogyniaof theLinmean
artificial system. In the natural method it was somewhat doubt-
fully referred to Papaveraceae, b} r Jussicu ; but was afterwards
raised to the rank of an independent order by De La Pylaie,$
under the name of Sorrow nice, or, as adopted by later writers,
Sarraeemacea). Both Jussicu and De La Pylaie were unac-
quainted with the structure of the embryo in Sorrow not ; it

. however, been observed to be dicotyledonous by Hooker,§
and also by Nuttall,| who witnessed the germination oi S.

purea at Philadelphia, and describes the embryo as fur-
nished with perfectly distinct, long and linear cotyledons.
The order Sarntceiiiaee;e is generally considered to be more

nearly allied to Papaveracese and Nymphseacese than to any
others, and is accordingly placed by Dr. Hooker between these
two orders. Professor Lindley,*J without however denying the
importance of these affinities, takes a different and somewhat
unsuspected view of the alliances of the order, believing it to
be very nearly related to Dionsea, the dilated leafstalks of
which only require their margins to cohere to be identical with
tin- pitchers of Sarracenia. A Bimilar peculiarity in foliage is
Cephalotus, Nepenthes and Dischidia; but the re-

- < a. ;--. p. *j~-98.

f J .'. th A,,,,, I Inn, 17^ -'"6.

8 .!''•. 8, p,

B I . .
\ T . lea), i, /■. .'.'•.

• . .v - ]' .i /■. L60.

With an Account of a New Species. 97

semblance does not extend farther. The only thing common
to all these plants is, as Dr. Brown remarks,* that they are all
dicotyledonous.

The pitchers, or tubular portion of the leaves of all the
species of Sarracenia, it is well known, commonly contain a
great number of dead insects. The manner in which they are
imprisoned was first distinctly explained by William Bartram,t
and is particularly illustrated in a letter from the late Dr. Mac-
bride, of South Carolina, to Sir James E. Smith, published in
the 12th volume of the Transactions of the Linnaean Society
of London.!

The water usually found in the leaves is no doubt chiefly de-
rived from rains and dews, and is not, in any considerable de-
gree, furnished by secretion from the plant itself, as in Nepen-
thes distillatoria, and some other plants of the kind, in which
the orifice is completely closed by an operculum.^ De Can-
dolle|| has somehow fallen into the error of supposing that the

* London and Edinb. Jour. Science, ^c. for Oct. 1832.

t Travels through N. and S. Carolina, Georgia, Florida, $c. (1791 introd*
p. xix.

t Read in December, 1815. See also Elliott, Sketch of the Botany of South
Carolina and Georgia, 2, p. 12. — " It may be sufficient here to remark that the
throat or orifice of these leaves is generally covered with]a saccharine secretion or
exudation. Immediately below the throat, for the space of nearly an inch, the
surface is highly polished, while the lower part of the tube is covered with hairs
all pointing downwards. When an insect is attracted, in the first instance, by
the secretion of the plant, or perhaps even by the water, descends, as it easily can
do, along this declining pubescence, it appears incapable of ascending by its feet
alone, and can only escape by a flight so perpendicular as to surpass the power of
most insects. Whenever they touch the bristly sides of the tube, they are preci-
pitated again to the bottom, and have to renew their efforts, and many insects,
even of a larger size, perish in this arduous and hopeless struggle.''

§ Sic metamorphosis folii NymphnRae in folium Snrraceni.c, ut ipsa aquam plu-
vialem excipiens, at rctinens extra a quas crescat ; mira nature providentia ! —
Linnceus, Syt. Nat. (cd. 12), p. 361 — an idea which seems to have been furnished
by a passage in one of Peter Collinson's letters to Linnsus, dated May I, 1765,
in these words : " The leaves of the two species of Sarracenia are as surprising
as the flowers ; for they are open tubes, contrived to colloct the rains and dews,
to nourish the plants in dry weather." — Correspondence of Linn. I. p. 66.

II " Tantot il diverge dc la lige de* sonorigine, et a l'apparence d'un tube vide
VOL. IV. 13

98 Observations on the genus Sarracenia;

leaves of Sarracenia have a lateral slit, which prevents their
holding any considerable quantity of water. This, however,
is not the case ; and nothing is more common than to (ind the
tuhes in some species (especially in S. purpurea and S. jlava)
half or two-thirds filled with water.

The genus Sarracenia is, as is well known, exclusively North
American, no species having been detected west of the Alle-
gany mountains. They are mostly found in the sphagnous
swamps, savannas, &c. of the southern Atlantic states, a single
species (jSL purpurea) being, however, common in the northern
states, extending even to Newfoundland and Hudson's Bay.

Sarraceniaceje. DelaPylaic, in. Ami. Linn. Soc. Paris,
6, p. 388, t. 13 ; Hook, Fl. Bor. Am. 1. p. 33 ; Lindl. In-
trod. Nat. Syst. (ed. 2) p. 34.

Sakracema, Linn, Qtn» ]>/. p. 886; Walter, Fl. Car. p.
152 ; M'trhr. Fl. Bar, Am. I. p. 310 ; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept*
II. p. 300 ; Nutt. Gen. N. Am. PI. II. p. 10 ; Elliott, Bot. S,
Car. and Georg. II. p.. 9.

Sarracena, Tourn. Inst. Rei. Herb.

(Character the same as of the order.)

1. Sarracenia purpurea, Linn.

S. foliis breviusculia assurgentibuSi tubo ventricoso gibbo,
fauce coarctata, ala latis-inia arcuata, lamina erecta subreni-
fonni — cordata inius pilosa, florc purpureo.

Sarracenia purpurea, Linn. Sp. PL ;>, 729 ; Walter, Fl. Car. p.
V,2; Mich. Fl. Bor. Am. 1. p. '.]\0. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. p. 367 ;
Elliott, Bot. S. Car. and Glut". II. p. 9.

findu §ur le cot6 ; c'csl cc qoi a li< u dans lrn Sarracenia, soil q'on y considere le
tab* commc formi: par un petiole foliace ou par lc limbe dc la mrmc fcuillc ; ce
iwhr it Siirr.K i nil ru- prut contcnir que pcu on point dc liquulc a cause dc la
fi»»ur<? Ulerile." — Orgnnogmphir Vrgctalr, I p 818

With an Account of a New Species. 99

Coilophyllum Virginianum breviore folio. Morris. Hist. III. p. 533.
Bucanephyllum Americanum. Plunk. Amalth. t. 376, f. 6.
Sarracenia foliis gibbis, Gronov. Virg. 164.

Icon. Bot. Mag. t. S49 ; Miller, Die. I. t. 241 ; Catesby, Car. II.
t. 70 ; Plunkenett, Amalth. t. 376,/. 6.

Habitat. From Hudson's Bay to the Gulf of Mexico.
Hudson's Bay, Michaux ; Newfoundland, De la Pylaie ; Ca-
nada, Dr. Richardson, Drummond ; Massachusetts, Prof.
Hitchcock ; New- York and New- Jersey, Dr. Torrcij; Virginia,
Gronov ; Carolina, Catesby ; near Newbern N. C ! ; near
Wilmington, N. C. Mr. Curtis; middle district of Carolina
and Georgia, Elliott ; near Charleston S. C ! Florida and
Alabama !

Observations. Leaves 4 — 8 inches long, tubular, bulging
in the middle, arcuate, ascending. Wing very broad and ar-
cuate. Lamina erect, very hairy on the inner surface. Tube
often nearly filled with water. Scape about a foot high, bear-
ing, as in all the species, a single nodding flower, which in this
is large and purple.

This is, of all the species, the best known and the most ex-
tensively diffused. It is that on which the genus was founded,
according to the Encyclopedia of Plants, having been known
in Europe as early as 1640.

S. heterophylla of Eaton is probably nothing more than S.
purpurea ; but has the plant yellow flowers?

2. Sarracenia rubra, Walter.

S. foliis longiusculis erectis gracilibus, t.ubo sursum sensim
dilatante, ala angusto-lineari, lamina erecta mucronata basi sub-
coarctata, flore rubro— purpureo.

Sarracenia rubra, Wall. Ft. Car. p. 152 ; Willi. II. p. 1150 ; El-
liott, Bot. S. Car. and Georg. II. p. 10 ; Hooker, Ex. Fl. p. 13.
Icon. Hooker, Ex. Fl. t. IS.

100 Observations on the genus Sarracenta ;

Habitat. Middle country of South Carolina. Elliott.
Common in swamps between Aiken, S. C. and Richmond
County, N. C, flowering in May ! Buncombe* County, North
Carolina. Mr. Curds in lit.

Observations. Leaves 10 — IS inches long, rather slen-
der, reticulated with purple veins. Tube enlarging regularly
towards the summit, like a trumpet. Lamina erect, clothed
with very fine hair on the inner surface. Wing narrow and
linear. Scape much longer than the leaves. Flower reddish-
purple.

Pureh certainly erred when he united this species with S.
psittacina of Micbaux, an error in which he was followed by
Nuttall and some others. Elliott and Hooker have both re-
marked the incongruity of the two species as described, espe-
cially in the " recurved, fornicated appendix" of the latter.
Nor are the leaves of S. rubra short for this genus, as those of
S. psittacina are said to be.

3. Sarracenia Drummondii, nobis t.

S. foliis longis erectis, tubo sensim dilatato, ala angusto-
lineari, lamina erecta suborbiculari intus pilosa tuboquesuperne
venis colaratis reticulata, interstitiis albis, flore purpureo.

Habitat. Near the town of Appalachicola in Florida.
Abundant on the western borders of the Appalachicola river,
below Ocheesee. Dr. A. W. Chapman, in lit. Flowers in
April.

Observations. Loaves long, (20 — 30 inches) erect, trurn-

' TIm» is ihc in.'M western locality vet ascertained

With an Account of a Neiu Species. 101

pet-shaped. Wing very narrow and linear. Lamina nearly
orbicular, contracted at base, and thickly clothed on the inner
surface with conspicuous hairs. The upper part of the tube
and the lamina, on every side, reticulate with purple veins,
with the interstices white ; the maculation larger and more dif-
fused than in S. Variolaris.

The tube of one of the specimens which we have of this
species contains, besides other dead insects, a large butterfly,
(Papilio Turn us) !

I have described this species from specimens in the herba-
rium of Dr. Torrey, who received a few leaves, without flowers,
from Sir William Jackson Hooker, to whom they had been
sent by Drummond, from Appalachicola in 1835. In the
spring of the present year (1836) Dr. A. W. Chapman ob-
tained the plant in flower in the neighbourhood of Appalachi-
cola, and gave a specimen to Dr. Torrey, by whose kindness I
have been permitted to describe it here.

From the very hairy lamina or appendix of this plant, its
reticulate veins, and the size and form of its leaves, a suspicion
was at first excited that this might be Elliott's S. Catcsbcei, but
its purple flower and remarkable maculation entirely separate
it from that plant, which is no other than a variety of S. flava.

4. Sarracenia psittacina, Michaux.

S. foliis brevibus reclinatis venoso-reticulatis albo-maculatis,
tubo venticoso, ala sursum subcuneatim latescente, lamina re-
curvata subgloboso — inflata carinata muronata tubum pene
claudente, ore subrotundo parvo, flore purpureo.

Sarracenia psyttacina, Mich. Fl. Bor. Am. I. p. 311.
Sarracenia calceolata, Nult. Trans. Am. Ph. Soc. IV. p. 49.
Sarracenia pulchella, Croom in Sill. Journ. Oct. 1833.
Icon, Trans. Am. Phil, Soc. IV. pi. 1.

102 Observations on t hi genus Sarracenia ;

Habitat. Georgia and Florida. " Ab urbe Augusta
Georgia; and Floridam." Michaux. Tatnall County, Ga., and
10 miles west of Tallahassee, Florida. Nutatt. NearQuincy,
Ida. Dr. A. W. Chapman. Between the Tologie and the
Appalachlcola, in wet pine woods ! Flowers March to April.

Oj;m;i;vati"Ns. Leaves 3 — 4 inches long, reclinate, with
reticulate purple veins, and whitish diaphanous spots, like those
of S. variolaris, but smaller. The autumnal leaves are longer,
and van somewhal from the vernal in form and appearance,
especially in the longitudinal vlng. They are about six inches
in length. Tube ventricose. Lamina very curiously incurved
and fornicated, almost closing the tube, and looking not unlike
the head of a parrot, as Michaux has remarked. Scape about
a foot high. Flower reddish-purple. Even this species, not-
withstanding the smallness of the aperture of the tube, acts as a
fly-catcher. Indeed when they have once entered through this
small orifice, their condition is more hopeless than in any of the
other species.

This species of Michaux was long lost to our botanists.
Pursh united it with S. Rubra of Walter, the incongruity of
which is evident. Still, as the plant had not been found since
Michaux's time, Nuttall, who adopted the error of Pursh, when
he at length found the plant, considered it as new, and describ-
ed it in the work we have already referred to. Influenced by
the opinions of others, and not having Been the description of
Nuttall's S. calceolata, I mentioned it as new under the name
of 8. pidchella. Bui I am now satisfied of its identity with
S. ptittacina of Michaux, whose description agrees accurately
with this plant. Their Habitat also agrees.

5. Sakracenia variolaris, Michaux.

8. foliis longiusculissuberectis, tubo paulo ventricososuperne
dorso maculato, ala lineari — lanceolata, lamina incurvata for-
nicata, (lore flavo.

With an Account of a Nciv Species. 103

Sarracenia variolaris, Mich. Fl. Bor. Am. I. p. 310.

Sarracenia minor Walt Fl. Car, p. 153 ?

S. adunca, Smith, Ex. Bot. I. t. 53.

Icon. Bot. Mag. 1710 ; Loddige, Bot. Cab. t.

Habitat. From South Carolina to Florida. Michaux.
Around the pine-barren ponds along the sea-coast of South
Carolina and Georgia. Elliott. Common in Middle Florida
and the southern parts of Georgia, in wet pine woods ! Abun-
dant near Charleston, S. C ! Flowers March — April.

Observations. Leaves 12 to IS inches long, nearly-
erect, a little bent or reclinate near the base. Tube a little
ventricose, curiously marked on the back, near the summit,
with whitish diaphanous spots. Wing somewhat broad. La-
mina arched, vaulted and incurved over the throat of the tube.
Flowers yellow.

6. Sarracenia Flava, Linn.

S. foliis longissimis erectis tubo sensim dilatato, a la lineari
angustissima, lamina erecta basi coarctata lateribus retroflexis,
flore flavo.

Sarracenia flava, Sp. PI. II. 1150 ; Walter, Fl. Car. p. 153 ; Michx.
Fl. Bor. Am. L p. 310 ; Pursh, Fl. Am. II. 367 ; Elliot, Bot. S. Car.
and Georg. II. p. 10.

Sarracenia Catesbaei, Ell. Bot. S. Car. and Georg, II. p. 11.

Coilophyllum Virginianum, Morris. Hist. II. p. 533.
Bucanephyllum elatius, Plunk. Amalth.

Sarracenia foliis rectis, Gronov. Virg. 164.

Icon. Bot. Mag. 780 ; Cates. Car. 77. t. 69 ; Plunk. Amalth. t, 376,
/■ 5.

Habitat. From the southern borders of the Chesapeake
Bay to the Gulf of Mexico. Southhampton County, Va. Br.
Pickering. Virginia, Gronov. Near Newbern, N. C. ! Near
Wilmington, N. C, Mr. Curtis. Abundant in the middle

10-4 Observations on the genus Sarracenia, ^<r.

districts of Carolina and Georgia, Ell. Near Charleston, S. C!
Common in the wet pine woods of Middle Florida!

Observations. Leaves very long, 24 to 3G inches, erect,
trumpet shaped. Wing very narrow, linear. Lamina erect,
mucronate, wiih the sides at base usually reflected. This is
the largest species of the genus* In the savannas of North and
South Carolina 1 have sometimes gathered the leaves full
three feel long, which is precisely the length assigned by
Catesby to the leaves of this species.

In the southern states, where this species is common, its
leaves are known by the appropriate name of " trumpets.''''
Elliott's Sarracenia, Catesbcei, is, as I have ascertained by the
inspection of his herbarium, scarcely even a variety of this
species, and differs from the ordinary form of the plant only
by the more conspicuous veins and pubescence of the lamina.
It agrees very well with the figure in Catesby above-cited, which
Elliott refers to his S. Catcsbai, while both Willdenow and
Pursh quote the same figure as belonging to S. jlava.

Melanthacearum America Scptcntrionalis Revisio.
Auctore Asa Gray.

Ordo MELANTHACEiE. R. Brown.

Melanthaceae Lindl. nat. syst. ed. 2. excl. § Paridese et gen. nonnul.
Colchicaceae D. C. Jl. Fran. ed. 3. ; Bartl. ord. nat. etc.
Veratreae Salisb. in hort. trans. ; Agardh aphor. etc.
Juncorum gen. Juss.

Calyx et corolla consimiles, fere asquales, plerumque per-
sistentes, perianthium hexamerium liberum stepissime petaloi-
deum constituentes ; foliolis plus minus distinctis vel unguibus
in tubum gracilem coalitis, aestivatione soepe involutis.

Stamina 6 (in Pleea 9 — 12); filamentis persistentibus.
Anthers biloculares vel pseudo-uniloculares, extrorses, inter-
dum innatae, rarissime introrsae.

Ovaria 3 (rarius abortu unica), saepius pluriovulata, intus
plus minus coalita : styli totidem distincti, introrsum stigmatosi
seu stigmatibus simplicibus desinentes. Ovula anatropa,
plerumque biseriata, ascendentia.

Capsula membranacea vel coriacea, trigastra, saspius tri-
partibilis, carpellis sutura ventrali dehiscentibus, nunc dehis-
centia loculicida.

Semina 5 — 20 (rarius 2) in carpellis singulis, saepe com-
pressa et testa membranacea (nee atra nee Crustacea) undique
marginata aut utrinque appendiculata. Albumen carnosum.
Embryo parvus, in albumine inclusus, juxta hilum positus.

vol. iv. 14

10(3 Mdunthacearum America Septentrionalis Revirio*

Herb^e cormo vol bulho tunicato (quandoque rhizomate
hozontali) perennantes : radicibus fibrosis, interdum crassis fas-
ciculatisque. Caules simplices, saepe scapiformes, nunc ab-
breviati ant hypogaei. Folia graminea, cyperoidea, ye]
plaritaginea, rarius condujilicata vel equitantia, basi caulis
Bcpe conferta, superae alterna, pHss minus amplcctantia seu
vaginantia. Flares hermaphrodUi seu abortu polygatni, rarius
subdioici, racemosi vcl spicati (racemis simplicibus vel com-
posilis), nunc solitarii.

Obs. I. Genera infra posita, hue doctissimo Lindleyo et
aliis collocata, ex hoc ordine depello ; scilicet :

1 . Molina Miehx. quae oh antheras introrsas et stylos (vix
ullos) eoalitos, nccnon pedicellos saepe aggregates, in medio ar-
ticulatos, Asphodeleis potius referenda. Fructum maturum et
semina non vidi.

2. Disporum Salisb. (genus primura preclarissimo Brownio
indicatum*), Drapiezia, Blum. Schelhammera jR. Brown, et
forsan Tricyrtis, Wall. (= Compsoa Don), omnia antheris
extrorsis, quae, cum Uvularia, sectionem parvam ordinls (seu
classis) Liliacearum (prope Convallarineas) constitucre vi-
dentur.

3. Paris, Trillium, Medeola, Myreiphyllum. (Parades
L'niill. Trilliacea J>. C .) Sec, necnon Convallaria, Strep-
topus, etc., ad Smilaceas a cl. Brownio referebantur, Bed dis-
sident in babitu, foliorurnque structure (cl. Lindleyo nuper
monentet), el maxime seminibua anatropisj, nunquani ortho-
tropis modo seminum Smilacis et Kipo^oni. Mdaniliaceis
accedunt Btigmatibua Btylisve discreds, etc., sed diverse bu>I

• Prodr. H. Not Roll. i. f 8|0
Nat. iy*t ed 2, f B

i n; pl( ri»que Tiilliii loto raphide interta rant) ideoque quasi hctero-

tropa vident'ir

Melanthacearum America. Septentrionalis Revisio. 107

pericarpio baccato, antheris introrsis, et habitu : equidem statio
propria est inter Liliaceas juxta Uvulariam et Convallariam.

Obs. II. Perianthium et filamenta (necnon styli et stigmata)
in omnibus Melanthaceis Boreali Americanis persistentia sunt ;
in aliis nonnullis decidua.

Obs. III. Melanthaceae in tribus duas facile dividi possunt:
scil.

1. CoLCHiCEyE ; acaulescentes ; floribus plerumqueex cormo
ortis, pedicellis hypogaeis ; foliolis perianthii longissime un-
guiculatis, saepius in tubum gracilem cohcerentibus ; stylis gra-
cillimis quandoque plus minus coalitis.

2. Melanthe^e ; caulibus scapiformibus, saepe foliosis ;
floribus racemosis spicatisve ; foliolis perianthii distinctis vel
breviter coalitis, unguibus brevibus aut nullis ; stylis brevibus,
stigmatibusve fere semper distinctis.

Has Asphodeleis, illae, habitu Croci, Iridaceis magis conveni-
unt. Tofieldiae § Triantha praeclare Melanthaceas Juncaceis
conjungit*.

* Vid. ailnol sub TofieldiA

108 Melanthaccarum America Septcntrionalis Rcrisio.

Conspectus generum Boreali-Americanorum.

1. COLCHICEiE.

I. Leucocrinum, Nutt. Perianthium hypocrateriforme.
Styli coaliti, stigmatibus lamellato-dilatatis. Radix fasciculata.

2. MELANTHEiE.

% 1. Antheraz iiseudo-unilocularcs, post dehisccjitiam chj-
j)colatce.

* Perianthii foliola bi glandulosa : styli stigmatibus simplicibus desi-
nentcs.

2. Zigadenus, Michx. Flores hermaphroditi. Foliola
perianthii exunguiculata. Filamenta libera.

3. Leimanthium, WiUd. Flores plerique polygami. Fi-
lamenta unguibus perianthii foliorum accreta.

** Perianthii foliola c glandulosa, exunguiculata: styli stigmatibus
$unplioibua desint ntcs.

4. Veratrum, Linn. Flores polygami, in racemis com-
posite. Stamina perianthio breviora.

a. Perianthii foliola obtusa, l>asi plus minus angustata. Folia dilainta.
plicato-nervosa, caulera vaginantia.

b. Stewak "i'iim m. Perianthii foliola Lanceolata, amiissima, basi fere
< 1 1 1 n f .- 1 1 m , staminibua multd loagiora> Folia anguatd lineaxia oaulem
hau'l vaginantia.

5. Amiamhii'm. riorcs hermaphroditi, racemis simpli-
cibus compositisve. Stamina perianthio plerumqud longiora.

Melanthacearum America Sepentrionalis Rcvisw. 109

6. Schcenocaulon. Flores (minimi) in scapum pergra-
cilem nudum arete spicati. Stamina perianthio longiora.

§ 2. Anther <& hlloculares.

Obs. Perianthii foliola in generibus Americanis hujus sectionis exun-
guiculata et eglandulosa sunt.

* Stigmata sessilia (seu styli intits 2>rorsus stigmatosi).

7. Xerophyllum, Michx. Flores hermaphroditi. Cap-

sula loculis dispermis. Filamenta inferne valde dilatata.

i

Helonias, Linn. Filamenta inferne haud dilatata. Capsula
polysperma.

a. Flores hermaphroditi. Capsula obcordata, tricocca.

b. Cham.elir.ium, Willd. Flores dioici. Capsula ovoidea.

** Styli stigmalibus simplicibus desinenles. Folia equitantia.

9. Tofieldia, Huds. Flores hermaphroditi, involucro
calyculati.

a. Flores simpliciter racemosi vel spicati, modo florendi centripeto.
Anthersc introrsa?.

b. Triantha, Nutt. Flores plerumque ternatim fasciculati, modo
florendi centrifugo. Anthers innate. Semina utrinque subulata.

10. Pleea, Michx. Flores hermaphroditi, bracteis spa-
thaceis. Stamina 9 — 12 ; antheris versatilibus introrsis. Se-
mina apice setaceo-caudata.

110 Mdanthacearum America Scptentrionalis Revisit).

triij. 1. COLCHICE^E.

1. LEUCOCRINUM, Nutt.

Flores hennaphroditi, ex caule brevissimo subterraneo
orti. Perianthium bypocrateriforme ; tubo gracillimo, prae-
longo ; laciniis ovalibus limbi patentis requalibus. Stamina
6, requalia ; filamentis tubo perianthii fere ad apicem adnatis.
Anther. n lineares, biloculares (basin aflixa^) introrsae.
Ovarium globoso-ovatum, carpellis tribus pluriovulatis con-
cretis coinpositum : styli filiformes, vix ad apicem coaliti ;
stigmatibus lamellato-dilatatis. Capsula membranacea (baud
inflata), subglobosa, loculis 5 — 6-sperrais. Semina (biseriata)
subedc-bosa.

Radix fasciculata, carnosa : caulis vix ullus : folia anguste
linearia : flores albi, breve pedunculati, spatbis angustissimis
bracteati.

Leucocrinum montanum, Nu(t. ined.

Rad'u e fibris plurimia crassitie pennee Corvi. Folia plurima, (ut
ntiir) crasiuscula, plana, 8 unc. longa, vix 2 lin. lata, acutiuscula.
Flores (G — 8) foliis iniilio breviores; pedunculia omnibus radicalibus,
unifioris, ilciiiuiii fert uncialibus. Perianthii tubus persistans, 2 — 3
unc. longUS, filiformis ; liinbus niauiiitudine lloruin Ornitltogali
umbcUati. Stamina perianthium vix eequantia; antheris lincaribus.
Stylus Btamizubus pauld brevior; stigmatibus fert obcordatis.
Captvla (immature) vi\ Bupra terrain, membranaceae, 3 — 4 lin. lata?,
(ul v'nbniur loculicidi- drbisn nil s.) stylo e( perianthio pcrsistcnte coro-
nal;:-. Semina m La Colcliico. — Floret a\.prili.

Sab. In planitiebus aids fluminia Platte, iS'intall!

Melanlhaccarum America Septentrionalis Revisio. Ill

Obs. Genus a Colcliico diversum, stylis coalitis, antheris
adnatis, et capsulis membranaceis non inflatis ; a Bulbocodio,
unguibus perianthii totis concretis, etc. ; ab utroque praesertim
stigmatibus lamellatis, radice fasciculata, et deiectu cormi. Si
tamen Merendera, Bulbocodium, et Monocaryum, ut monet
doctiss. Brownio,* potius subgenera Colchici sunt, forsan hoc
quoque illi referendum est.

Specimina sicca a eel. Nuttallio lecta et mihi benevole com-
municata.

trib. 2. MELANTHEjE.

2. ZIGADENUS, Michx.

Flores hermaphroditi. Perianthii foliola basi subcoa-
lita, exunguiculata, petaloidea, patentissima, inferne glandulis
binis (saepe connatis) instructa. Stamina 6 : filamenta basi
dilatata, cum perianthii foliolis inserta, eademque subaequantia.
Anthers cordatae, sinum affixae, vix extrorsas (loculis apice
connatis et confluentibust), post dehiscentiam clypeolatae.
Ovaria 3, intus concreta, pluriovulata, sursum attenuata, sty-
lisque gracilibus desinentia : stigmata simplicia vel subcapital.
Capsula ovato-conoidea, coriaceo-membranacea, subtriloba,
superne tripartibilis, carpellis intus dehiscentibus ; loculis
6 — 8-spermis. Semina oblonga, aptera, nunc apice vix
membranaceo-appendiculata.

* Observations on the plants collected by Oudncy, «£c. p. 37.
t Ideo anthersB uniloculares septo evanido, ut in Malvaceis.

112 Mclanthncairum America Septe?itrio7ialis Rcvisio.

Caules basi bulbescentcs seu rhizomatibus repentibus, in-
feme foliosi : folia graminea : infiorescentia plcrumque pani-
culata ; ramia paucis, subsimplicibus : bractece subspathifor-
D)ea : flofes albidif exius praecipue virescentes.

Zigadenus, Mirh.r.jl. 1, p, 213, t. 22 ; Pursh, fl. 1. p.
216 ; Willi, in mag. naturf.fr. 2. p. 30 ; Ell. bot. S. Car.
and Gcorg. l,jp. 420 ; Rccm. Sf Schult. syst. 7, p. 101.

HeloxivE species, Kcr, in jour. sci. 1, p. 1S4.

Obs. Hue pertinct Melanthium Sibiricum, Linn, et anct.
(Ornithogalum spicis florum longissimis, &c. Gmcl.fi. Sibir.
1, p. 45, t. 8.)

1. Z. glaberrimus; rliizomate repente ; foliis longe
lincari-lanceolatis, superioribus pcibrcvibus ; panicula pvrami-
dali ; bracteis ovatis, acuminatis, pcdieellos subaequantibus :
foliolis perianthii ovato-lanccolatis, acuminatulis, basi fere
angustatis, crassiusculis ; glandulis orbiculatis distinctis.

Z. glaberrimus, Mirh.r.jl. 1. c. : Pursh, jl. I. />. 241; Redout. Lit.
I. I'll ; /,'//. I. c. ; Rocm. ty Schult. syst. 7, p. 1559; Hook. §• Am. in
Imt. Betchey, j>. Kil ?

Z. bracteatus, Ram. 8f Schult. I. r.

Hi loniaa bfacteata, Sims. bot. mag. t. 1703.

i ulis 1 — 3-pedalis, Bupernd Bubnadua. Folia plana* puprcmis ad
bracteaa Bubspathiformeg diminutis. Panicula rami 3 — 5, pleriqna
simplicea, 7 — LO-flari. Finns magnitudine Veratri rir'ulis. Perion*
tlm fbliola Levitei Btriata, Blellato-patentia. Styli contigai. Ovaria
linilii-iivulata ; ovulis bisi riatia Burstun Lmbricatis.

Hah. In herboau bumidis, b Virginia [Pursh) e( Carolina*
super*! usque ad Alabamam! el in California, (fide Hook, fy
Ira. /. ' .)

/

Mclanthaccarum America Scptentrionalis Revisio. 113

2. Z. glaucus ; bulbo tunicate ; foliis caule brevioribus,
linearibus, vix acutis ; racemo subsimplici ; bracteis lanceolatis
pedicellis brevioribus ; perianthii foliolis ovalibus obovatisve,
obtusis, glandula obcordata instructis.

Zigadenuschlorantbus, Richards. app. Frankl. journ. (cd. 2,) p. 12;
Torr. ! in aim. lye. Nt w- York, 2. p. 251 ; RamSfSchult. syst. 7, p. 1561 ;
Hook. SfArn.! hot. Beechey, p. 130.

Z. glaucus, Nttit..' in jour. acad. Philad. l,p. 56.

Z. commutatus, Ram. 8f Schult. I. c.

Melanthium glaucum, Nutt. ! gen. 1,^.232; Torr.jl. 1, p. 367.

Leimanthium ? glaucum, Ram. Sf Schult. I. c.p. 1551.

Caulis pedalis, superne subnudus (1 — 2-foliatus). Folia gtauca,
plana, supremis bracteiformibus. Raccmus (seu panicula subsimplex)
7 — 20-florus, inferne sajpius plus minus compositus ; pedicellis unciali-
bus apice incrassatis. Flores magnitudine Ornithogali wnbellali (in-
lerdum polygami ex Richards). Perianthii foliola obscure striata, basi
leviter angustata; glandulis confluentibus. Styli dennim recurvi.
Capsula conoidco-oblonga, perianthio persistenle multo longior ; carpellis
apice divergentibus, stylis brevibus subulatis, 7 — 8-spermis; Semina ex-
appendiculata. Julio et Augusto floret.

Hab. Ad ripas arenosas, etc., a Canada! et freto Kotze-
buano ! usque ad Arkansam ! et Oregon ! (v. sjp. in herb. Nutt.
in planitiebus altis fluminis Platte et Multnomah lecta.)

Obs. An hue pertinet Zigadenus commutatus, Schult. I. c.
(Helonias glaberrima, Bot. mag. t. 1680,) et forsan Hook, et
Am. in bot. Bcechaj, p. 160 ?

Vidi in herb. Acad. Sci. Nat. Philadelphia? specimen Ca-
nadense (prope Maitland a McNab lectum), panicula pedali,
ramis subsimplicibus fere 12-floris !

Species omnino ignota est Zio A.DENU8 elegans, Pursh,
fi. l,p. 241.

VOL. IV. 1 5

114 Mdanthaccarum America Septentrionalis Revisio.

3. LEIMANTHIUM. Willi.

Flores plerumque (abortu ovarii) polygami. Perianthii
foliola stellato-patentia, petaloidea, basi biglandulosa; unguibus
staminiferis. Stamina G : filamenta perianthii l'oliolis bre-
viora, unguibus plus minus accreta. Anthers reniformes,
sinum affixse, vix extrorsae (loculi:? apice connatis et confluen-
tibus), post dehiscentiam clypeolatae. Ovaria 3, angulis in-
ternis coalita, pluriovulata, stylis brevibus subulata ; stigmata
simplicia, minuta. Capsula ovata (membranacea, turgida,)
triloba, tripartibilis ; carpellis follicularibus 4 — 10-spermis, in-
tus (superne praesertim) dehiscentibus. Semina compressa,
late membranaceo-alata.

Caules plerique superne puberuli, elati : folia lineariavel
lanceolata, elongata, (rarius latiora et quasi petiolata) : panicula
pyramidata, e racemis multifloris plerisque simplicibus (imis
quandoque compositis) : flores ochroleuci vel flavo-virentes,
demum luridi : pedicelli bracteis saepius brevibus stipati.

Lkimanthium, " WUld. in mag. naturf.fr. 2, p. 24,'*
(excl. spec.) ; Roan. i\' Schult. syst. 7, p. 100.

.Melanthii species, Linn, et auct.

Melanthium, Michx. fl. 2, p. 251 ; Nutt. gen. 1. p. 232 ;
Ell. hot. S. Car. fy Gcorg. 1. p. 418; Torr.jl. I, p. 367.

( >ns. Genus a Melauthio (Prom. Bona? Spei) abunde di-
\ ri -urn, infiorescentia paiiicuIato-rac<Mnosu,pedicellisbracteatis,
Aoribua plerisque polygamis, perianthio persistente, antheris
unilocularibus, eminibus alatis, etc.

Melanthacearum America Sejileiitrionalis Revisio. 115

1. L. Virginicum ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis, elongatis ; pe-
rianthii foliolis ans;ustissime untmiculatis, lamina subrotundo-
ovata (demum oblonga), basi subcordato-auriculata, glandulis
approximatis ; unguibus supra medium staminiferis.

Leimanthium Virginicum, " Willd. I. c. p. 24 ;" Ram. §• Schult.
syst. 7, p. 1549-

Melanthium Virginicum, Linn. ; Grron. Virg. p. 59 ; Derouss. in
Lam. enc. meth. 4, p. 24, t. 260 •, Walt. Car. p. 125 ; Willd. spec. 2, p.
266 ; Michx. fl. 2, p. 251 ; Pursh, fl. 1, p. 240 ; Ell. lot. S. Car. Sf
Georg. 1, p. 41S; Torr.! fl. 1, p. 367; Darlingt. fl. Cest. (ed. 2,)
p. 231.

M. polygamum, Desrouss. I. c.

M. hybridum, Ell. I. c. (fide amic. Curtis.) ; Torr.fl. 1. c, non Walt.

Veralrum Virginicum, Ait. hort. Kew. {ed. 2.) 5, p. 426.

Helonias Virginica, Sims, hot. mag. t. 285.

Caulis 3-pedalis et altior ; parte superiore, ramis paniculae, pedi-
cellis, et extrinsecus perianthio puberulis. Folia pallide viridia, de-
bilia, 8 — 20 unc. longa, semi — sesquiuncialia lata, inferioribus amplexi-
caulibus. Panicula pedalis sesquipedalisve ; ramis plerumque simpli-
cibus, laxifloris ; pedicelli, vix unciales, flore longiores. Flores ochroleuci,
demum brunnei; superiores (quandoque inferiores) pra;cipue berma-
phroditi, semiunciales et longiores. Bractece pedicellis multo breviores.
Perianthii foliola lamina plus minus obtusa vel acutiuscula, obsolete
striata ; glandulis rotundis distinctis. Capsula fere unc. longa, stylis
lin. 2 longis apiculata. Semina 4 — 10 in singulis carpellis, ovato-lan-
ceolata. Julio- Augusto floret.

Hab. In pratis et sylvis humidis a Novo Eboraco ! usque ad
Floridam ! et Arkansam !

2. L. hybridum ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis, elongatis; peri-
anthii foliolis anguste unguiculatis, lamina rhomboideo-subor-
biculata margine undulata ; glandulis conniventibus (quandoque
obsoletis) ; unguibus convoluto-canaliculatis, infra medium
staminiferis.

ou gracilis; panicula sparsiflora, ramis plerisque simplicibus.

116 Mtlanthacearum America Scptentrionalis Rcuisiu.

/3. robustior ; foliis inferioribus plantagineis ; ramis imis pa-
niculae compositis.

y. elata ; ramis paniculae plerisque compositis, multifloris.

Leimanthium hybridum, Rcrm. tfSchult. syst. 7, p. 1550, excl. syn.
Mutt. Ell. t y Ton-, el deacr.

Melanthium hybridum, Walt. Car p. 125; Pursh,fl. 1,;>. 241 ? non
flrfctt. BBC Ell. <$• Ton:

M. latifulium, DuTOtua in Lam. ene, nuth. 1. /'. 25.

M. racemosnm, Michx, jl. 2. p. 251.

Caulis2 — 4-pedalis, aupernS puberulua. Folia Buprema pauca, brevis-
eima. Panicula plerumqu£ minor el cracilior quam in L. Virginia), flo-
ribus paacioribus minoribusque : pedicelli patent* ss, filiformes, tlnrcmulto
longiores. Perianth ii lbliola flavo-virentia ; apice lainiiianiin wi-pius
plus minus cuapidato vel acuminato; margins t'< -n- scarioso ; unguibua
ima filamentorum involvena, laminam subaequantibua. Fructum non
vidi.

Hab. In umbrosis a Pennsylvania ! iisqiicail Gcorgiam! "In
excelsis montibns Carolina 1 septentrionalis," M/chai/.r. Lin-
colnton, Car. sept. Curtis! ; prope Germantown, Pennsylvania;,
NultulU y. Macon, Georgia; (v. sji. in herb. acad. Vhilad.
sine foliis).

3. L. monoicum ; foliis laic ovalibus, basi quasi pctiolatis,
•uperioribus oblanceolatis linearibusve ; pamcula" summe longe
racemosa, fertili, inferneracemis masculis brevibus; perian-
thii foliolis obovato-spathulatis ve\ oblanceolatis, unguibussen-
sim attcnuatis, ad basi ataminiferis ; glandulis sajpius aullis.

Leimanthium monoicum, Ram. 9f Schvlt. syat. "<. /». 1550, exel.
«yn. et deacr, Melanth. polygam. Desrouss.

Melanthium monoicum, Wall. Car. p. L25; Pursh, /I. l,p. 241!
FJI. hot, s. t\,r. SfOeorg, 1. r . lis.'

M. hybridum, Null. .' gen. \. r . 232, dob Walt.

Melanlhacearum America Septentrionalis Revisio. 117

Veratrum parvifiorum, Michx. fl. 2, p. 250 ; Pursh, jl. 1. p. 242 ;
Ram. $f Sehult. sijst. 7, p. 1557, excl. syn. et descr. Melanth. bracteo-
lare, Desrouss.

Caulis bipedalis, superne virgatus, fere nudus (raraiquoque paniculae)
puberulus, basi bulbescens. Folia inferioraG — S unc.longa, fere 3 unc.
lata, snepe acuminata, inferne abrupte angustata quasi petiolata, caulem
vaginantia ; superiora paucissima, invicem minora. PanicvXa pyrami-
dato-virgata, sesquipedalis, raniis Lateralibus gracilibus. Pedicelli fili-
formes, flore paulo longiores. Finns paulo minores quam in M. hy-
brido, virescentes. Pcrianthii foliola striata, fere plana, apice vix
acuta, inferne attenuato-unguiculata, staminibus duplo longiora; glan-
dulis in fioribus masculis nullis, in hermnphroditis ssepiua obsoletis.
Capsula 4 — 6 lin. longa, stylis brevissimis (\ lin. long.) apiculata ; car-
p'ellis 4 — 5-spermis. Semina ovalia, utrinque acuta, 3 — 4 lin. longa. —
Julio floret.

Hah. In excelsis montibus Virginiae et Carolina?, Michaux
fy Nuttall! Specim. vidi et exam, monte " Talk-mountain
dicto lectum amico Curtis!)"

Obs. Planta foliis fere Veratri, sed inflorescentia, floribus
fructibusque Leimanthii, licet periantbio saspius eglandulosa.

Veratrum parvirlorum, Bongard, veg. instil. Sitcha est Ve-
ratrum Eschscholtzii nobis.

4. VERATUUM. Linn.

Flores (abortu ovarii) polygami. Perianthii foliola basi
plus minus coalita, petaloidea, patentia vel erecto-patentia, ex-
unguiculata, eglandulosa. Stamina 6 ; filamentis imo peri-
antbio insertis, eodemque breviora. Anthers subflobosEe,
fere innatae (loculis apice connatis et confliientibus), post de-
liiscentiam clypeolatae. Pistilla, capsula, et semina ut in
Lcimanthio.

Veratrum, Linn. (excl. V. lutei) et and.

1 IS Mdantltuccarum America Septcntrionalis Revisio.

1. Yeratrum propr.

Perianthii foliola obovata vel oblonga, vix acuta, basi
plus minus angustata, staminibus subduplo longiora : filamenta
demum extrorsim patentia.

Caules robusti, foliosi : folia late ovata vel oblonga, plicato-
nervosa, caulein vaginantia ; superioribus sensim minoribus,
bracteis insideatibus : panicula plerumque pyramidata, race-
mis simplicibus : Jiorcs flavo-vircntes vel atro-purpurei.

Veratrum, Linn. (excl. sp.); Juss. gen. y. 47 ; Lam. ill.
t. 843 ; Michx. fl. 2, p. 249 ; Willd. spec. 4, p. S95 ; Nutt.
gen. 1, p. 233 (excl. sp.).

Helonije species, Ker, in hot. mag. etc.

Obs. V. Sabadilla, Iietz. a Yeratro diversa videtur, an-
theris praesertini bilocularibus (conf. fig. in Diet. sci. nat. et
descr. Jurm. tySc/tt/lf. syst. 1 , p. JO-")^,) necnon floribus nutan-
tibus secundis : forte (cum aliis Mexicanis nondum descriptis,
rnl. Schiede, in Linnaa, 4, pp. 226 fy 234,) genus proprium
constituere mcretur.

I. V. vietde ; ramis paniculse demum patentibus ; foliolis
perianthii campanula^ oblongis, basi subangustatis, filamentis
plerumque plania paulo longioribus.

Veratrum viride, Ait.hort. letw. (></■ l,)3,p. 896; f'insli,jl, \, p.
242, Bigel. Am. med. hot. t. 33; /■://. lot. S. Car. 8f Qeorg. \, p. 419;
Torr.fi. \. r . :;i;s : Uam.8fSchuU.8yst. 7,p. L556; Dar1ingt.fi. Cat.
[ed. 2,)p. 232.

\ album, Mih <■. fl, 2, p. 249. oon Linn.

II- loniaa viridU, Bot. mag. t. L096, i tcl. • yn.

Melanthima i' ! />< muss. ?/? enc. meth. 4 t j». 26.

Melanthacearum America. Septcntrionalis Revisio. 119

Radix magna, fibris carnosis albis. Caulis (3 — 7-ped.) ramis pani-
cube, pedicellis (brevibus) foliisque subter sparsim puberulus. Perian-
thium flavo-viride, foliolis exterioribus obtusiusculis ; interioribus fere

acutis, margine denticulato-erosis. Stamina rarius 7. Maio — Julio

floret.

Hab. In pratis humidis, etc. a Canada ! usque ad montes
Georgiae. — Vulgo White Hellebore, Polce.

2. V. Eschscholtzii ; paniculae ramis lateralibus (quan-
doque compositis) plerumque nutantibus; foliolis perianthii
campanulati oblongis, basi attenuatis, filamentis gracillimis
plusduplo longioribus. i

Veratrum Lobelianum 13. Eschscholzianum, Ram. 8f Schult. syst. 7,
p. 1555.

V. parviflorum, Bongard, veg. Sitcha. in mem. acad. St. Petersb.
(ser. 6,) 2, p. 166, non Michx.

Hab. In Amer. bor.-occidentali ; insula Sitcha Rutheno-
rum, Eschscholtz et Mertens; prope " Observatory Inlet,"
Scolder! et ad ripas fluminis Oregon, Nuttall !

Obs. Praecedenti nimis affinis, quo difFert foliis peduncu-
lisque magis pubescentibus, etc., et praesertim filamentis bre-
vioribus et gracilioribus.

2. Scbgex. Stenanthium.

Perianthii foliola anguste lanceolata, subulato-acuminata,
basi subdilatata, staminibus (riorum sterilium praesertim) multo
longiora.

Caulis gracilis, basi bulbescens : folia graminea caulem
baud vaginantia : panicula virgata : Jlores albidi.

120 Melanthacearum America Sepientrionatis Rcvisio.

V. (Stbnanth.) AxcrsTii'OLiuM ; foliis anguste lineari-
bus, planis, inferioribus obtusis; racemo terminali fertili, elon-
gate ; lateralil us brevibus, floribus sajpe sterilihus subsessili-
bua : foliolia internia periantbii angustioribus.

Veratrum angustifolium, Pwsh,fl. l t jp. 242 \'l. p. 't 17 ; Nult. gen*
1. p. 233; /://. hot. S. Car. 8f Georg. 1. p. 420 : Hum. 8f Schult. syst.
',. p. L557.

\< rophyllum gramineum, Nutt. gen. I. p. 236?

Planta glabra. Radix fibris subcrassis. Caul is 2 — 1-pcdalis, teres,
gracilis. Folia (noncarioata) pleraque 1 — 2-ped. longa, 2 — 3 lin. lata;
inferiors vix vaginantia; superiors Beraiamplectanba, acuta; summia
brevibus. Panicula sscpe biped alis, pergracilis, fnultiflora; floribus ra-
ci moruxn lateralium (quandoque ceteris) ovar defe< in plerumqo.e' sterili-
bus. Racemi loUerales plurimi, filiformes, patebtes, 1 — 3 unc. longi,
(imis interdum compositis,) bracteA lineari-setacea stipati; superiores

in i .!•■ \ i. mi b, bracteis minutis; floribus vix pedicellati bracteA ovato-
Lattceblati cuspidate plusdupld loogioribus. RacemuaterminalU BBpida
eloagatus ; pedicellis flores subaequantibus. Perianthium albidum vel
viresceus; foiioLa (2 lin. lon^a) >iriata (t xitriora basin versus plus mi-

dilatata), sursum (prsesertim llnr. strril.) longe attenuata, acutissi-
ma. Stamina in flnr. steril. praesertim perianthio multo breviora; in
flor. fertil. demim fere dimidio breviora. Slyli brevissimi, recurvii
Capstdavix3 lin. longa. Semina (immatura) in loculis 4, ovali-ob-
louga, apice acuminata — Junio et Julio floret.

//'///. J 1 1 umbrosis ah Ohio! ad Virginiam ! Floridam!
ct Aikansiii) !

Mdanthacearum America. Septentrionalis Revisio. 121

5. AMIANTHIUM.*

Flores hermaphroditi. Perianthii foliola basi vix coalita
(ovalia vel obovata), petaloidea, patentissima, exunguiculata,
eglandulosa. Stamina ; filamentis plerisque capillaribus
cum perianthio insertis, idemque aequantibus vel superantibus.
Anthers reniformes, fere innata? (loculis apice connatis et
confluentibus), post dehiscentiam clypeolatae. Ovaria 3,
(rarius abortu pauciora) intus plus minus coalita, pauci-
ovulata, stylis filiformibus subulatisve desinentia : stigmata sim-
plicia minuta. Capsula (membranacea, turgida,) triloba, tri-
partibilis ; carpellis follicularibus (interdum apice distinctis)
1 — 4-spermis, intus superne dehiscentibus. Semina lanceo-
lata vel linearia, compressa utrinque membranacea, aut teretia,
oblonga, testa laxa demum carnosa.

Caules scapiformes, basi saepe bulbescentes : folia gram-
inea ; inferioribus plus minus confertis, vaginantibus : racemus
simplex vel compositus, multiflorus : flores albidi, saepius
longe pedicellati, bracteis plerisque brevissimis stipati.

Heloni^e pars, Michx.jl. 1, jp. 211; Pers. syn, I , p. 398
Willd. in mag. naturf. fr. 2, p. 29 ; Pursh, fl. 1, p. 216
Nutt. gen. 1, p. 234 ; Ell. bat. S. Car. 8f Georg. 1, p. 421
Torr. fj. 1, p. 368; Rcern. fy Schult. sysl. l,p. 101, non
Linn.

Leimanthii species, Willi. I. c.

Melanthii species, Walt. Car. p. 125 ; Lam. enc. mcth.
4, p. 28 ; Ait. hart. Kew. (ed. 1,) 1 , p. 488 ; Willd. spec. 2,
p. 266.

Chrosperma et Cyanotris, Raf.

Nomen ab afiiavros (immaculatus, piiriis) et avOof (flos) derivatum.
VOL. IV. 16

122 Mclanthaccunun America. Septentrionalis llcnsio.

Obs. Helonias Linnaei de H. bvllata et H. asphodcloidi
constituta fuit, cujus iste est XcropJiyllvm Michauxii ; itaque
nomen Helonias specie priore vetineatur. Amianthium a He-
lonia differt, structure praesertim antherarum et capsulae, stylis
distinctis stigmatibus rainutis desinentibus, etc. ; a Veratro
(cui species racemis compositis magis accedunt), floribus om-
nibus hermaphroditis, staminibus stylisque longioribus, semini-
bus vix alatis, et habit u.

Nomen Cyanotris, Hqf. in jour, de Phys. (= Hel. angusti-
folia, Mich.r.) a nomine Cyanotis Don vix differt ; Cbrosperma
specei unicae solum apta est ; ideo utrumque prseteritur.

1. A. MUSOiETOXlCUM ; bulbo tunicato ; foliis planis, infe-
rioribus late linearibus obtusis ; racemo simplici ; foliolis peri-
anthii oblongis, oblusissimis ; carpellis superne distinctis, stylis
subulatis divergentibus ; seminibus coccineis.

Mflaniliium muscaetoxicum, Walt. Car. p. 125.

M. latum, Ait. hort. Kew. [ed. 1,) p. 4SS; Will,/, spec 2, p. 267;
" Thunb. in act. soc. nat. scrut. Hafn. (4,) 2, p. 19, t. 7," fide Rctm. Sf
Schvlt.

M. phalangioides, Dcsrouss. in Lam. enc. meth. 4, p. 27, et ill. gen.
I. 260.

M. dcnsuni, Dcsrouss. I. c. p. 26.

Leimanthium laelum et pallidum (excl. syn. Michx.), Witld. in mag.
naturf.fr. S, p. •-'!.

H( Lonias lata, Ker, hot. mag. t. 803; id. op. U 1540.

H. erythrosperma, Michx.fi. Up. 212; Pursh,fl. 1,/>.212; Xutt..'
gen. 1. p. 234; Ell. hot. S. Car. 8f Georg. L, p. 421; Ton. ! Jl. 1, p.
369; Ram. Sf Schult. sysl. 7\p. 1562; Darlingt. fl. Cest. [ed. 2,)Jjp.
234.

\iiiln in inn Bubtrigynum, Jacq. roll. 3, p. 2~3, <7 ic. rar. 2, t. 4\'J.

Cbrospi -riii.-t (absq. nom. spec.) linf. neogen.

( 'units BeaquipedallS, obtUSJ angulMlM. Folia radicalia pedalia, 3 — 4
(nunc s) lin. [ata, debilia: caulina (saepi vix alia) Bparsa, superioribua
ad bracu u diminutis. Racemtu cylindraceus, densiflorua, 3 — 1 (rariua

Melanthacearum America Septenlrionalis Rcvisiu. 123

S — 9) unc. longus. Pedicelli 5 — 10 lin. longi, filiformes, fere patentes,
bracteis scariosis ovato-lanceolatis plurimum longioribus. FLores albi
demum viridescentes, 3 — 4 lin. lati. Perianthii foliola stamina requan-
tia, nee basi nee apice angustata, venoso-striata. Anther ee magna?, al-
bidas. Carpella inferne tantum concreta, sup erne divaricata, 1 — 2-
sperma. Semina ovoidea, testa demum carnosa coccinea. — Junio
et Julio (in Georgia Maio) floret. Vulgo Fly-poison dicitur.

Hah. In umbrosis paludosis a Nova Cajsarea! et Penn-
sylvania ! ad Floridara ! et Arkansam.

2. A. Nuttallii ; bulbo tunicato ; foliis conduplicato-
carinatis, acutis ; perianthii foliolis (tenuibus) basi subunguic-
ulatis ; carpellis apice [distinctis ; stylis subulatis contiguis ;
seminibus oblongis, teretibus.

«. racemo simplici.

Helonias angustifolia, Nutt. ! fl. Arkans. in trans. Am. phil. soc. {ser.
2,) 5, p. 154, non Michz.

ft. racemo inferne composito, paniculato. (An conditio ab-
normis ?)
Helonias paniculata, Nutt.! in jour. acad. Philad. 7, p. 57.

Caulis sesquipedalis, teres (inferne leviter sulcatus), ssepius robustus
et juxta racemum attenuatus; bulbo tunicato magno, basi fibrillato.
Folia inferiora, 6 — 12 unc. longa, 2 — 4 lin. lata, subcrassa, margine
asperula, basi vaginantia, membranacea ; superiora breviora, attenuata ;
summis membranaceis, bracteiformibus. Racemvs mulliflorus, 2 — 4
unc. longus, pedicellis (uncialibus) filiformibus : nunc racemo ampliore,
laxiore, inferne composito, ramis paniculatis, laxe 3 — 8-floris. Bracteee
scariosse, pedicellos vix acquantes ; inferioribus sape filiformi-setaceis.
Flores albi, magnitudine A. angustifolia. Perianthii foliola stamini-
bus paulo longiora, late ovalia vel subovata (alterna angustiora), obtusi-
uscula, venoso-striata, basi subcordata vel rotundata, abrupte subun-

l-l MtUmthacearvm America Septentrionalis Revisio.

guiculata, macull flavidj leviter notata. Antheree magna:. Ovaria
(rarius 2) 7 — S-ovulata, stylis brevibus subulata. Semina in singulis
carpellis 1 — 2, oblonga, testa laxa demiim carnosa.

Hob. In Arkansa, Nuttall.! Pitcher ! §' Lcavcmvorth ! et
Texas, Drummond ! : in elevatioribus montium Rochj-Moun-
tmns dictorum, et in Oregon, Nuttall! : prope Fort Vancouver,
Scolder !

Obs. Crescit (ex Nutt.) cum Kamassacscidcnta, qua bulhi
nocentes viatoribus saspe confusi sunt.

3. A. angustifolium ; caule (gracili) basi non bulboso ;
foliis angustissime linearibus, acutis; racenio simplici ; foliolis
periantbii ovalibus, stylis filiformibus contiguis brevioribus ;
seminibus linearibus.

Helonias angustilblia, Michx.! fl. 1, p. 212; Pursh,fl. 1, p. 242;
Mitt. .' gen. 1, p. 234 ; Ell. ! hot. S. Car. Sf Georg. 1, p. 421 ; Torr. !
fl. \, p. 369; Ram. Sf Schult. syst. 7, p. 1564.

II. lacta /3 minor, Bot. mug. t. 1540.

Caul is 1 — 3-pedalis, teres. Folia fere omnia radicalia, pedalia et lon-
giora, 1 — 2 lin. lata, apicem versus seneim attenuata el carinato-trique-
tra; superioribus ad bracteas squamacformes diminutis. Racrmus n\u\ti-
florus, 2 — 3 (demum sacpe 5) une. longus. Pcdicelli 5 — 6-lin. longi,
filiformes, ad apicem incrassati, erecto-patentes, bracteis scariosis lan-
ceolatis plurimuiu bngioree. Florcs albidi, 3 — 4 lin. lad. Periantbii
foliola Btamioibua pauld longiora, obtuse vel parum acutiuscula, basi
sulmniiiistala, b-viter siriata. Antbene flavidffi, diinidio minores quam
in A. musctvtoxico. Capsula loculis 1 — 1-spermis. Srmina linearis,
i'T' t.-rctia, tesi.i Lax I membranac< i l>asi apirrquc vix producta. —
Mm.) — Junio floret.

Melanthacearum America Septentrionalis Revisio. 125

Hab. In sylvis humidis (pinetis) Carolinae superioris ! et in-
ferioris ! Georgia? ! et Floridae !

Obs. Helonias angustifolia, . Darlingt. jl. Cest. ed. J. est
H. erythrosperma, Michx. fide Darlingt. ipsius in op. cit.
ed. 2.

4. A. leimanthoides ; caule (elato) basi non bulboso ;
foliis linearibus, planis ; racemo composito, pyramidato ; peri-
anthii foliolis late ovalibus, stylis linearibus longioribus ;
seminibus lanceolatis, compressis, apice alatis.

Helonias graminea, Ell. herb, fide Curtis, non Bot. mag.

Radix fibris erassis. Caulis teres, parum angulosus, 2 — 4-pedalis,
supern6 subnudus. Folia pallide viridia; inferiora 1— 2-pedalia, 3 lin
lata, plana, subcarinata, obtusiuscula ; superiora sparsa, - sensim bre-
viora et acuta ; summis 2—3 unc. longis, lineari-lanceolatis. Panicula
8 — 12 unc. longa; racemo terminali plus minus elongato, multifloro
lateralibus (5 — 6) simplicibus ; imis saepe subremotis. Pedicelli paten-
tes, graciles, demum 6 — 8 lin. longi, apice parum incrassati, bracteis lan-
ceolatis scariosis plurimum longiores. Flores albi, 4 lin. lati. Perian-
thii foliola demum recurva, staminibus paulo breviora, fere squalia,
utrinque obtusa, vix striata. Capsula late ovato-conica, loculis 4-sper-
mis. Semina anguste membranaceo-marginata, apice alata. — Julio —
Augusto floret.

Hab. In paludosis Novae Caesareae (prope Haddonfield,
Durand!) Carolinae sept, (monte Table-mountain dicto,
Curds!), et prope Novum Aurelianum (Ingalls .').

L36 MeUaUkacearum America Septentrional** Revisit >.

Obs. Planta elegans inflorescentia foliisque Leimanthii, sed
floribus omnino Amianthii.

// lonias graminea herb. div. Elliottii, fide amic. Curtis,
sed descriptio ejus non quadrat.

5. A. ? aspericaule ; caule floribusque pulverulento-
puberulis, asperiusculis ; foliis caulinis lineari-lanceolatis,
plania ; racemulis subspicatis, floribus brevi-pedicellatis, brac-
n ola minima sub periantbio.

Melanthium aspericaulo, Pair. enc. methmsuppl, 3, p. 62S.

Hab. " In Carolina, I?osc." (V. sp. sic. valde immaturam
prope Columbian!, Carolina; infer, lectam amico Curtis !)

Obs. Planta minime cognita, a Poiret solum descripta,
tamen Sprengelio ad Tq/ieldiam glutinosam, et Schultzio ad
T. -jiulx/iii m perperam ducta. In spec. Curtis.: Caulis (ima
pars adest) sesquipedalis, striatus, trifoliatus, pulvcrulento-
scaber. Folia striata plana, sensim acuta ( juniora subtus et
margine puberula), glabra, basi latiora et semiaraplectantia;
infimum fere 6-unciale ; superiora sensim breviora ; summis
ad bractcas diminutis. Panicula spiciformis, tomentoso-pu-
berula, 2 unc. longa, e racemulis plurimia (auperioribus con-
fertis, imis longioribus 61 subdistantibus) '4 — S-floris com-
positis. Florea inexpansi brevissime pedicellati, bractea
cymbiformi ovate striata breviores, bracteola minima juxta
perianthium muniti. Perianthii foliola (ante evolutionem)
concava, ovali-obovata, basi Bubamrustata (nee ungniculata).
Stamioa basi perianthio inserta : anthers magna;, extrosa?,
uniloculares. Styli brevissimi. — Ad hoc genus non certe"
pertinetj specimen menm hand idoneum.

Melanthacearum America Sejptentrionalis Revisio. 127

6. SCHCENOCAULON. *

Flores hermaphroditi. Perianthii foliola herbacea
(lineari-oblonga, obtusa), basivix coalita, suberecta, exunguicu-
lata, eglandulosa. Stamina 6 ; filamentis subulatis cum
perianthio insertis, eodemque demum duplo longioribus. An-
THERyE (magna?) reniformes (loculis apicc connatis et conflu-
entibus), post dehiscentiam clypeolatte. Ovaria 3, angulis
internis concreta, 6 — 8-ovulata, stylis pcrbrevibus sensim apicu-
lata : stigmata simplicia minuta. Capsula

Caulis bulbus tunicatus : folia omnia radicalia, caricina,
praelonga et angustissima, arida, subcanaliculata : scapus sim-
plicissimus, pergracilis, prorsus nudus : flores parvi, arete
sessiles (singuli bractea minuta stipati), in spicam gracilem dis-
positi.

S. GRACILE.

Helonias ? dubia, Michx. fi. 1, p. 213; Pursh,fl. 1, p. 244; Ram.
8f Schult. syst. 7, p. 1565.

Planta glaberrima, habitu multum Triglochini accedens. Bulbus
vaginis scariosis brunneis tectus. Folia suberecta, valde striata, 1 — 2
ped. longa, vix lineamlata, superne attenuato-setacea. Scapus juncifor-
mis, teres seu inferne subangulosus, 2 — 3-pedalis. Spica virgata, 3 — 4
unc. longa; floribus primum confertis, denique laxc (alternatirn) dispo-
sitis, bracteis ovatis scariosis duplo longioribus. Perianthii foliola pal-

* Nomen ab s^oo-oj (funis, juncus) et navXov (caulis) derivatum.

L28 MeUuithacearum America Septentrionalis Revitio.

lid.'- viridia, nbtusa. Wlbconcava, levitcr 3 — 5-nervia. Filarncnta fere
plana, ntorsini srnsim dilatata, perianthio primum breviora, demiim
dupld longiora. Antheree ratione florum maxims. Capndaixaxaatxm
ill mum perianthio peiaistente longior, ovata, 3-loba, 3-partibilis, stvlis
min litis apiculata. Ovulu subovaia, biseriata, ascendentia, anatropa.
Semina matura el capsulam non vidi. — Aprili et Maio floret.

Hal>. In sabulosis Georgia? et Florida?, Michaux. In
Florida prope sinum Tampa-Bay dictum legit M. C. Lcavcn-
worth.' Burrows ! et Aldeii ! (V. spp. in herb. cl. Torrey.)

7. XEROPHYLLUM. Michx.

Plorbs hermaphroditi. Perianthii foliola petaloidea
(ovaiia), patentissima, exunguiculata, eglandulosa. Stamina
<i ; lilamentis deorsum admodum dilatatis, cum perianthio in-
serts, ldemc[ue Bubsequantibua vel superantibus. Anthers
subrotundo-ovatae, biloculares, apice ct basi pra^sertim cmar-
•_ r hiatae, sinum af)i\;r, cxtrorsae. Ovakh'.m subglobosum, trilo-
bum, c carpellis Iribua biovulatis arctius connatis compositum,
stigmatibua totidem lineari-filiformibua revolutis (an rectius styli
'i a nt us stigmatosi?) coronatum. Capsula subglobosa, sub-
triloba, coriacea, loculicide dehiscena ; loculis 2-spermis.
Skmiva collateralia, erecta, oblonga, subcomprrssa, testa mem-
branacei apice plua minus producta.

('aii.ks basi fere bulbescentes, radicibus fibrosis: folia
COmplura, arida, setacca ; radicalia muncrosissima, in crspitcm
densum conferta, anguatiaaimd Lineari-setacea : racemut aim-
plex, thyraiformU} daoique elongatus: pedicellia filiformibua
basi bracteatia, aeu ebracteadset bibracteolatia : fiores apecioaii
albi.

Melanthacearum America Septentrionalis Revisio. 129

Xerophyllum, Michx.fi. 1, p. 210 ; Willi, in mag. na-
turf.fr. 2, p. 29 ; Nutt. gen. 1, p. 234 ; Torr. ! fi. 1. p. 370 ;
-Raw. #• Schull. syst. 7, p. 102.

HelonIjE species, Li?in. et auct.

Obs. Genus Heloniae nimis affine.

1. X. asphodeloides ; pedicellis ebracteatis, bibracteo-
latis ; staminibus foliola periantliii ovalia demum aequantibus.

X. asphodeloides, Nutt. ! gen. 1, p. 235.

X. setifolium, Michx.fi. I, p. 211 ; Poir. suppl. cnc. meth. 5, p. 509
(excl. syn.) ; Torr. ! fi. I. c. ; Ram. $• Schult. L c. excl. syn. Melanth.
spicati Wall.

Helonias asphodeloides, Linn. spec. 485 ; Willd. spec. 2, p. 274 ;
Bot. mag. t. 743; Lam. cnc. meth. 3, p. 100; Pursh,fl. 1.^.243; Ell.
hot. S. Car. Sf Georg. l,p. 422.

Caulis 3 — 5-pedalis, teres, pallidus, undique foliosus. Folia rigida,
basi subdilatata et crassiora, haud amplectantia, subtus carinata, supra
plana, margine minutissime hispido-scabra ; radicalia undique reclinata,
pedaliaet longiora, basin versus semWineam lata,sursum attenuato-acicu-
laria ; caulina sensim minora et graciliora. Pedicelli unciales et longiores,
infra medium samius bractea setacea. muniti, altera minore sub flore.
Periantliii foliola pauci-striata, obtusa, 2 lin. longa, alterna (exteriora)
paulo breviora. Stamina filamentis crassis, imo valde dilatatis et sub-
coalitis. Stigmata fere distincta, intus tota longitudine linea papulosa
notata. Capsula oblongo-subglobosa. Semina matura non vidi.

Hab. In arenosis et pinetis Nova? Caesareae ! et Carolinae.
In montibus Catawba-ridgc dictis Carol, super., fide Nuttall.

2. X. tenax : pedicellis inferioribus longe bracteatis,
ebracteolatis ; staminibus {ex icon.) foliola periantliii oblonga
excedentibus.

X. tenax, Nutt. gen. I. c
Helonias tenax, Pursh> fl. 1, p. 243, t. 9.
VOL. IV. 17

1'30 MeUuUhacearum America Septentrionalis Revisio.

Hab. In montibus Rocky Mountains diciU (V. sp. sic.
racemi fructiferi solum, ab amico celeberrimo Nuttallio benevole
communicatum.)

Obs. In icone citata styli filiformes stigmatibua subcap-
itatis desinentes false depicti sunt. L'acenins fnictifcr speci-
minis Nuttallii esi fere sesquipedalis, pedicellis numerosissimis
uncialibuS] superioribus plerisque juxta basin bracteolatis,
csteris nttdis ; capsulis globosis : seminibus vi\ angularibus,
testa laxa membranacea ad apicem el marginem intcnunn
tevissime producta.

S. HELONIAS.

Flore s hermaphroditi (rarius polygami) ve] abortu dioici.
I'kkiaxthii foliola (ligulata vel linearia) petaloidea, exungui-
culata, egkmdulosa, patentia. Stamina 6 ; filamentis (planis
basi non dilatatis) cum perianthio insertis, idemque demum
superantibus. Anthers subrotundae, biloenlarcs, basi bifida:,
sinum affixae, extrorsae. Ovarium subglobosum, trilobum, c
carpellis tribus pluriovulatis compositum, stigmatibus totidem
lineari-elongatis coronatiun. Capsula submeinbranacea, I < • 1 1 •
obcordata tricooca, aul ovoidea trisulca; loculis polyspermia.
Si;\ii\a linearia vel oblonga, utrinque membranaceo-appendi-
culata -I'll alata.

1 1 i:i,n\ i k species, - iuct.

*

I . I [SLONIAS VBBA.

Flore s hermaphroditi (quandoque polygami, fide Bot.
mag.) : stigmata revoluto-patentia : capsida l<»bi superne gil -
boso-producti .el divergentes quasi tricocci, dehiscentia locu-
licida ; loculia polyspermia: semina linearia, utrinqud appen-

'lit ill. it. i.

Melanthacearum America Septcntrionalis Revisio. 131

Radix carnosa : folia omnia fere radicalia, conferta : scapus
simplex, fistulosus: racemtis spicatus, ovatus vel cylindraceus,
densus: fiorcs (pedicellis ebracteatis vel bracteis caducis)
purpurascentes : anthcra cteruleae.

Helonias, Linn. (excl. H. asphodelioid.) Juss. gen. p. 47.

1. H. BULLATA.

Helonias bullata, Linn. spec. '485, ct Amcen. acad. 3, p. 12, t. I, fig.
1 (excl. syn. Pluk. etc.) ; Willd. spec. 2, p. 273, ^ in mag. naturf.fr.
2, p. 29 ; Bot. mag. t. 747; Bol. cab. t. 961 ; Redout. Lil. t. 13 ; Ram.
4' Schult. syst. 7, p. 156] .

H. latifolia, MMtx.fi. 1, p. 212; Pursh, fl. 1, p. 242; Torr.fl. 1,
p. 369.

Veratrum American um, racemo simplicissimo, etc. Mill. diet. (ed. 8,)
no. 4.

Radix crassa, prcemorsa, amara, fibrosa. Folia spathulata, lanceolata,
vel oblonga, fere pedalia, vix sesqui-unc. lata, mucronata, plana, inferne
longe sensim attenuata quasi petiolata. Scajms pedalis et altior, basi
tumidus et squamis membranaceis vestitus, supra crassiusculus, fere
nudus, squamis sparsis minimis vel obsoletis, ad apicem attenuatus.
Racemus 1 — 3 unc. longus, densiflorus ; pedicellis colore et longitudine
florum. Perianthii foliola ligulato-oblonga, obtusa, fere 2 lin. longa.
Ovarium fusco-purpureum. — Maio floret.

Hab. In paludosis Novae Caesareae ! Pennsylvaniae !
^Iarilandiaj, et (fide Pursh) Virginia;.

Obs. In Amoen. Acad. I. c. (ctiamque in E?ic. Mcth. (. 2G8,)
stigmata capitata stylos filiformes coronantia impropie depicta
sunt.

132 Melanthacearum America. Septentrionalis Revisio.

2. Sudgen. ChAMjELIRIUM.

Flores dioici; staminiferi quandoque rudimento ovarii ;
pistilliferi filamentis parvis sterilibus : perianthii foliola anguste
linearia, obtusa : capsida ovoidea, superne septicide (et locu-
licfde?) dehiscens ; loculis 4 — 8-spermis : semina oblonga,
vix compressa, utrinque late membranaceo-alata.

Radix prannorsa : caul is gracilis, superne subnudus ; folia
radicalia plura, obovato-spatbulata seu oblonga : caulina sparsa,
angustiora : racemus spicatus, denique virgatus, densiflorus :
flores (pedicellis ebracteatis vel bracteis caducis) albidi.

ChaMjELIrium, Willd. in mag, naturf. fr. 2, p. 19. (cha-
racter pessimus.)

Ophiostachys, Redout. Lil. t. 464.
Diclinotrys, Raf. neogcn. (1S25) p. 3.

2. H. (Cham;el.) dioica.

Hclonias dioica, Pursh, Jl. 1, p. 243, (cxcl. syn. Lam. enc); Ell.
hot. S. Car. Sf Georg. 1, p. 423; Ton:! Jl. 1, p. 370; Darlingt.fi.
Cent. [ed. 2,) p. 233.

H. punrila, Jacq. roll. 2, p. 260, \ic. rar. 2, t. 253; WillJ. spec. 2,
f. 275.

H. Intra, Ail.hort. Kew. (ed.2,) 2, p. 330; Bot.mag. t. 1062; Rotm.
SfSchulLsyst.7, p. L565.

Vcratrum Luteum, Linn, sprr. 1479, <$• Amain, acad. 3, t. 1, fig. 2;
Willd. spec. 4, p. 896; Barton, clem. hot. t. 2, fig. 9; Nutt. ! gen. 1,
p. 233.

Mclanthium dioicum, Walt. Car. p. 126.

M. Luteum, Willd. in mag. naturf.fr. 2, p. 23.

Channel irium Carolinianuni, Willd. I. c. p. 19.

Radix cra*sa, amara, fibrosa. Caulis 1 — 2-(in plantft fertili saepi 3-)
pedalis, striato-sulcatus. Folia pallid" viridia ; radicalia rosulata, 3 — fc

Melanthacearum America Scptentrionalis Revisio. 133

uric, longa, inferne attenuata quasi petiolata; caulina sursum sensim
minora, oblanceolata vel linearia, acuta. Racemus sterilis, 2 — 6 unc.
longus, flaccidus ; floribus confertis ; pedicellis patentissimis floribus
paulo longioribus : fertilis robustior, ssspius multoties longior (1 — 2-ped.),
strictus, pedicellis suberectis. Perianthii foliola 1-nervia, inconspicua;
flor. ster. (alterna primum ceteris longiora) dcorsum subangustata, sta-
minibus breviora; flor. fertil. ovarium vix aequautia, filamentis sterilibus
longiora. Capsula acutiuscula vel obtusa, nunc obovata, fere triloba,
et ad suturas dorsales leviter sulcata. Semina fusca, membrana tenui
alba cincta, et basi apiceque alata. . Maio — Junio floret.
Vulgo. Blazing-star, DeviVs-bit.

Hab. In pratis humidis et umbrosis a Canada! et Ohio !
usque ad Georgiam ! et Arkansam !

Obs. Forte genus proprium. Ex cl. Darlington ovarium
quandoque 4 carpellis compositum est. (conf.ji. Cest.)

9. TOFIELDIA, Huds.

Flores hermaphroditi, involucro trifido vel triphyllo remo-
tiusculo calyculati- Perianthii foliola petaloidea, concava,
exunguiculata, eglandulosa, plus minus patentia. Stamina 6 ;
filamentis basi perianthii foliolorum insertis, eademque aequanti-
bus. Anthers cordato-subrotundse, biloculares, sinum affixae,
introrsae vel in nonnullis innatae. Ovaria 3, plus minus con-
creta, pluriovulata : styli brevissimi stigmatibus simplicibus vel
subcapitatis desinentes. Capsula submembranacea vel co-
riacea^ ovata, 3-loba, demum tripartibilis ; carpellis gibbosis,
polyspermis, intus (et superne ad do^jum) dehiscp-'"
Semina oblonga, subarcuata, angulata seu u* r!

134 Melanthacearum America Septmtrionalis Revisio.

Caules scapiformes, non bulbcscentes : folia pleraque
radicalia, aequitantia : Jlorcs spicati aut racemosi, albidi, vires-
centi-flavidi, rariusve sordide coccinci ; pedicellis solitariis aut
2 — 3-natis, bracteis parvis stipatis.

Tofieldia, Hucls.fl. Angl. p. 157 ; Smith, jl. Brit. p. 397,
et in trans, soc. Linn. 12, p. 23S ; Dry and. in Ait. hort.
Kcw. 2,]>. 324 ; Willd. in mag. naturf. fr. 2, p. 27 ; Nutt. gen.
Up. 235 ; Wahl. fi. Succ. 1, p. 225 ; Torr. Jl' 1, p. 371 ;
Roem. Sf Schult. syst. 7, p. 103.

Anthericum, Linn. gen. ed. 1.

Narthecium, Juss. gen. p. 47 ; Lam. ill. gen. t. 26S ;
Mirhx.Jh p. 209.

Isidrogalvia, Ruiz fy Pavon, jl. Per. 3, p. 69, t. 502.

Conradia seu Leptilix, Raf neogen. p. 3.

Hebelia, Gmel.jl. Baden.

Heritera, Schrank.

Obs. Tofieldia? ^ Triantha (per proximum Narthecium)
Melanthaceas Junceis alligat. Narthecium Huds. quod ob
stylos in unicum coalitos Melanthaceis excludendum, Juncis
foliis equitantibus seu complanatis accedit; quorum J. castaneus,
Smith paesertim semina utrinque membranaceo-caudata habet.

1. Tofieldia veba.

Spioa (vel racemus spicatus) genuina, modo fiorendi cen-
tripeto : pediceUi saepissime solitares : anthi r<c introrsae : semina
ecaudata.

I Iki;i; i: glabrae.

I. T. PALUSTRis ■; caule filiformi fere aphyllo ; capitulo
ovato; Imrolucris tripartitis pedicellos brevissimos fulciautibus ;
perianthu foliolia obofatis, albidis.

Melanthacearum America Septentrionalis Revisio. 135

Tofieldia palustris, " Huds.fi. Angl. I. c. (excl. syn.) ;" Smith, Eng.
hot. t. 536, <$• in trans, soc. Linn. 12, p. 239; Richards, app. Frankl.
journ. (ed. 2,) p. 11 ; Rcem. <y Schult. syst. 7, p. 1579.

T. borealis, Wahl. fl. Lapp. p. 89, Sffl. Suec. \, p. 225; Richards.
1. c. ed. 1.

T. alpina, Sternb.; Sjneng. syst. 2,^. 14S.

T. pusilla, Willd. mag. naturf.fr. I. c. ; Pursh,fl. 1, p. 246.

T. (Trianth.) pusilla, Nutt. gen. 1, p. 236.

Anthericum calyculatum fl. Linn. fl. Suec. 2S8, <$• fl. Lapp. {ed. 2,)
p. 103, t. 10, fig. 3; Fl. Dan. t. 36.

Helonias borealis, Willd. spec. 2, p. 274.

Narthecium borcale, Wahl. nov. act. Holm. 26, p. 24.

N. pusillum, Michx. fl. 1, j?. 209.

iiai. In paludosis, graminosis, etc. American arcticee, el
ab Unalaschka ! usque ad lacum Mistassins.

Obs. Cl. Nuttallio perperam ad subgenus suum Triantha
ducit.

2. T. coccinea; caule (erubescente) plerumque diphyllo;
spica capitata ; involucris triphyllis ad flores fere sessiles ap-
proximatis ; perianthii foliolis anguste obovatis, viridi-coccineis.

Tofieldia coccinea, Richards, app. Frankl. journ. (ed. 2,) p. 11 ;
Rcem. 8f Schult. syst. 7, p. 1580 ; Hook. <$• Am. ! hot. Beechcy, p.
130, t. 29 (bis).

Hab. Ad oras maris hyperborei, Richardson ; in Una-
laschka, Chamisso ; et ad fretum Kotzebuanum, Bccchcy !

Obs. An priore satis diversa ? Specimen Unalaschkense in
herb. cl. Torreyi (sub nom. T. borealis cl. Fischer communi-
catum) utrumquc connectere vidctur.

130 Melanthaccarum America Scptentrionalis Rcvisio.

3. T. stbnopetala, Smith.

T. sttnoprtiila, raccmo cylindraceo, bracteis calycem superantibus,

cault claim* dipbyllo, petalis lanceolatis acutis. — Smith, in trans, soc.
Linn. 12, p. 213, t. 8, Jig. 1.

Hnh. " Gathered by Kalm in North America, but in what
part we are unable to determine. Three of his specimens are
preserved in the Linncean herbarium." Smith, I. c.

Obs. Planta Linnreo cum T. palustri fy T. aljmia
omnino confusa, et secundum Smith huicnimis affinis, in Ame-
rica-boreali nullo nisi Kalmio detectaest. An specimina Kalinii
vero in America aut in Europa-boreali lecta? Plantas siccas e
Gothlandia sub. nom. T. cahjculata (T. alpina, Smith) a cl.
Agardh et Casstrom miserunt, in herb. cl. Torreyi examinavi,
qua: descriptione tabulaque T. stenopetala? Smith bene qua-
drant ; prjesertim antheris cordatis acutis, nee apice emarginatis
ut in T. ruhjnilata.

4. T. ci-AiuiA ; caule inferno foliato ; racemo elongato,
densifloro ; involunis trifidia floribus approximates; carpellis
apice distinclis, stylis vix ullis.

Tofleldifl glabra* Nutt.! gen. 1. />. 236, djf in trans. Am. phil. sor.

is, r. 2. , ."», p. L53 i Ram, if Sekvlt, tytt. 7, p. 157 I.

T. glaberrima, Mm Bride, in Ell. ! hot. >'• Car. $f Georg. I, p. 424 j
Ram. fy Schull. I. e. />. 157U ; Spreng. tytt, 2, p. 144.

Radix fasciculata r.r Nutt., fert tuberosa ex Ell. Caulis 2 — 3-pe-
dalis, supra basin 2 — 3-foliatUB. Folia fere T. pubenttU. Jiaccmut spici-
formis, cylindrirus, 1 — 5 uiir. longus ; pedicellis (confettis, intardttm 1 » i —
natisi loogitudine Qorum, bractaia subalatu pauld Loogioribus, Finns

|>.'i 1 1 1 ii 1 ii 1 1 1 majorat (|iiriin in 7'. /nthi nit , \ ir< srcnii-albi. FcriaiitliJ't folioln

orali-oblooga. FUamenta craasd tubulata, complanata, infarnd aanum
di l ata t a, demum plana, l-nervia. AtUhera oblonga, inoorav; loculia
ini> m>- dutioctia 1 1 subdivargentibtu. Captula triloba, deniqne tripar-
dbilis, c-arjM His ft — lO-sprrinis, stylo brcvissiiuu apiculatib : stigmata

■ubeapitata. Semina luitari-oblonga.

Mclanthacearum America Seplentrionalis Revisio. 137

Hob. In paludosis et pratis humidis prope Wilmington
Carolina? super. Nuttall! et Curtis! prope Columbiam, Ca-
rolinae, infer. (MacBride), et in Arkansa (Nuttafyi

Obs. Facie fere T. fjubcntis ; floribus specierum verarum.
Sprengel perperam ad T. cernuam ducit.

2. Subgex. Triantha. Nutt.

Spica racemiformis, e fasciculis altemis scepius 3-floris
composita, modo florendi centrifugo : anthera innatae : semina
utrinque subulato-caudata.

Herb^e caulibus pedicellisque pulverulento-pubentibua vel
glandulosis.

5. T. (Triantha) pubens ; caule subnudo, asperiuscule
pulverulento-pubente ; spica multiflora e fasciculis subdistan-
tibus ; capsula vix perianthium superante.

Tofieldia pubens, Dryand. in Ait. hort. Kew.(ed. 2,) p. 326; EU. hot.
S. Car. §• Gear if. 1, p. 424 ; Smith, in trans, soc. Lin. 12, p. 245 ;
Torr. ! fi. 1, p. 371 ; Spreng. syst. 2, p. 144; Ram. <§• Schult. syst. 7,
p. 1570.

T. pubescens, Pers. syn. 1, p. 399; Pursh, fl. 1, p. 216; Redout.
Lit. t. 224.

T. (Triantha) pubescens, Nutt. gen. l,p. 236.

Melanthium racemosum, Wait. Car. p. 126, non Michx.

Narthecium pubens, Michx.fi. l,/». 209.

Anthericum calyeulatum, Linn. hort. Cliff.; Gron. Vim. fide Snath.

Rhizoma horizonialis, Bubind£ tuberosa < cauct. Folia Linearis, < !on-
gata. Scapus fere nu'lus, supra (pedicellisque prasertim) pubescentii
subglandulari. Spica 1 — 4 unc. longa, fasciculis imis uiternodis breviori-
bus. PediceUi floribus parum longiores, Binguli bractea parva, et fasci-
cule- bractea oommuni minimi stipati; involucro iridentato sub flore<
Perianthium viridescenti-albidum ; foliolia oblongo^obovatis, altrrnis
VOL. IV. I -

138 Melanthaceai u bnerica SfiptentritmaJis Revisio.

brevioribu-; Pilamenta Bubulata, perianthium aequantia. Anthrr<r
(grise<r vel purpuras* i Dtes)breviter oblonga\ liasi bifida?, demnin subcor-
dats Capsvla brunnea, ovata, subtriloba; carpellis ad apicem coalitis,
dorso carinatis, Btylis divergentibus Bubulatia aesiaentibua — Julio —
Sept Borel

Hob. In pinetis humidis el sylvis herbosis, n Delaware ad
Alabamam ! et Floridam!

6. T. (Triantha) glutinosa ; raulc inferne folioso,
scabride glanduloso; spioa pauciflora e fasciculis approxi-
matis : capsnla prriantliiuni snpeiante.

Tofieldia (Triantha) glutinosa, Nutt. gen. I, p. 236.

T. glutinosa, Willd. in mag. naturf.Jr.2,p.29; Pv,Tsh,fl. l,j>. 246;
Smith, in trans, soc. Lin. L2, p. 246, t. B,Jig. 2; Spreng. syst. 7, p.
144 (excl. svii.i : /.'■ ■ . 8f Schult. syst. 7. p. LffJ I ; Bongard, oeg. Sit-
cha, I. c. p. 167.

Nariln ciuiji trlutiiiosuriii VLichx.fi. 1. /<. 210.

JHuzoma horizoutale, subligneum, fibris longis 9implicibus. * 'avlis pe-
dalis, gracilis, Buperni audus (quandoque folio bracteiformi) glandulis
glutinosis asperulisque conspersus, inferui foliosus. Folia breviora quam
in T. /mil nlf, ferd obtusa. S/iim fere uncial is; fasciculis (4 — 6, BBBpd
L-floris) coarctatis. Pedicelli aspernlo-pubentes, sa p£ glandulosi, (lores
\ ix Bsquantes, braeted commani lati Bemiamplectante, et singuli brai
minimd ii|>aii : involucrum vi\ tridentatum el quasi truncatum a Bor<
paululura distans. /'■ ianthii foliola oblonga vrel ovali-obovata, altemis
pauld Longioribus. Filamenta perianthium demum pauld 9uperantia.
■ i in fuscae, brevioreaquam in T.pubente, demum rotundo-cordatae.
f 'apsula perianthio pi rsisti ate ferfl dupld longior, i>\ ata, apice purpuras-
cent< ■ carpellis ad apicem <naliii-. ~i\li- brevibus vix divergentibus
abrupt! desinentibus ; Btigmata fer£ capitata.

Huh. In sylvia Canada' (a Quebec! ad lacum Mistassins
Miilnmr) Michigan! Ohio! Indiana! el Americas bor.-occ
ii - « j i m • ad insulara Sitcha ! Ruthenorum.

Ob$, Melanthium aspericaule, Potr. quod Sprengel ad hanr
• i I'm in. & Schult ad T. puberitem ducit, est Amianthii

sprrios.

Melanthaccarum America Septentrionalis Reinsio. 139

10. PLEEA. Michx.

Flores hermapbroditi. Pekiaimthii foliola (lauceolata)
petaloidea, basi subcoalita, exunguiculata, eglandulosa, stella-
tim patentissima. Stamina 9 — L2 ! ; filamentis subulato-seta-
ceis cum perianthio insertis, eodemque brevioribus. Anthers
lineares, basi bifida-, sinurn affixa- (versatiles), introrsae, bilocu-
lares ; valvis post dehiscentiam dorso ad dorsum appressis.
Ovaria ■*>, angulis internis coalita, pluriovulata, stylis
brevibus Subulata : stigmata simplicia. Capsula coriacea,
ovata, triloba ; carpellis polyspermis, dorso carinatis, intus
dehiscentibus. Semina oblonga, apice setaceo-caudat;i.

Caules graciles, juneiformes, e rhizomatibus cacspitosis ;
radicibus fibrosis rubris: folia (pleraque radicalia) distieha,
sempervirentia, arida, aequitantia, angustissima, acutissima ;
vaginis foliorum radicalium tequitantibus, caulinorum convo-
luto-amplectantibus, marginibus non coalitis : racemus simplex,
pauci-(plerumque 6-) florus : bractea spathaceae (vaginis foli-
orum superiorum similes,) pedicellos singulos bibracteolatos
includentes : floras pallide crocei ex Michx. et Ntttt. ! albidi
extus viridescentes ex Bot. mag.

Pleea, Michx. fl. 1, p. 247, t. 25 ; Pursh, fl. 1, p. 275 ;
Nutt. ! gen. 1, p. 261 ; Ell. bot. S. Car. 8f Georg. 1, ]>. ^<>5;
Spreng. sijst. 2, p. 264 ; Bof. mag. /. I 0-56.

PljEA. Peru. syv. 1, p. 451.

Obs. Genus di<tinctissimum, affine hie Tojicldice illic
Zivadeno. Stigmata sessilia ex MkIuivx sunt rectc stvli
breves stigmatibus simplicibus desincutes.

140 Mdanthacearum America Septentrumaiis Rcvisio.

P. TENUTFOLIA. Mic'/i.r. I. C. Ct Auct. cit.

Pi dalis vel bipedalis. Folia radicalia S — 12 unc. longa, fere lineam
lata, sensim acutissima; laminis intra apicem vagina' < >rtis ; caulina
perpauca; summa lamina brevi, setacea. Bractca oblongac, convolutae,
pedicellum penitus Lnvolventes, cuspidatae. Pedicetti unciales, angulati,
medio 2 bracteolis parvis allernis munili. Pcr'uinthu foliolafere arida,
suba?qualia, acuta. Fttamenta ad apicem attcnuata; antheris fuscis.
< 'apsula fusco-purpurasrens, perianthio pcrsistente brcvior ; carpellis sub-
eymbaibrmibus, intus (ct srcpe dorso demum) dehiscentibus. Semina
plurima, brunnea, biscriata, basi vix appendiculata, apice subitd cauda
gracillimfi instructa.

Hab. In udis apertis Carolina) superioris prope Wilming-
ton, Dclilc-' Nuttall! Curtis! et in Carol, infer, fide M ichaux.

Mclanthaceae Boreali-Americana) mihi ignotas sunt,

1. Melanthiu.m spicatum, Walt. Car. p. 125. (An
hujus ordinis . p )

2. Helo.mas graminea, But. 7iiag. t. 1599. (Iconem non
vitli.)

-_
r.

—

■s.

23

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X

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e

v.

a

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Fia 1

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; /,„ // /

Vol. IV.

FEBRUARY, 1846.

No. 5.

ANNALS

OF THE

LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

:

•

OF

NEW-YORK.

NEW-YORK:

PUBLISHED FOR THE LYCEUM,
BY STANFORD AND SWORDS, 130, BROADWAY.

184G.

John R. M'Gown, Printer, 128, Fulton-itrsat.

The Corresponding Members of the Lyceum op Natural His-
tory are respectfully requested to forward communications on any
subjects connected with the Natural Sciences, to the Secretary of
the Society. Chemical Examinations of Animal, Vegetable and
Mineral substances, will be acceptable, as well as Descriptions and
Accounts of any new objects, in the three kingdoms of Nature.

As the publication of the Annals has now been resumed, with
a prospect of continuance, it is hoped that every one connected
with the Lyceum will exert himself, that no delay may take place
iii their appearance at reasonable intervals. Donations to«the Mu-
seum, of Shells, Fossils, Minerals, and such Animals as are best
preserved in spirits, are solicited.

Monograph of the Species of Pasimachus inhabiting /At United
States ; with Dcscrijrtions of two New Genera, belonging to
the family Carabica. By John L. Le Conte. Read Novem-
ber 9th, 1845.

The genus Pasimachus was established by Bonelli, on two
large North American Carabica, described by Fabricius as Set. rites;
a species discovered by Palisot de Beauvois was found to be con-
generic with them, and shortly afterwards our distinguished com-
patriot, Mr. Say, described a fourth species. A fifth was detected
in Mexico, and very recently Mr. Haldeman has added to the
Fauna of the United States another, which he communicated to
the scientific world, through the Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia.

Having collected a great number of specimens from different
parts of our county, on submitting them to examination, several
new species were rendered apparent, and in view of chis fact, it
was thought necessary to prepare a short notice of them. To facil-
itate the determination of these, it was deemed expedient to
introduce descriptions of the species heretofore mentioned by au-
thors, more especially as several important characters appear to
have been overlooked. The paper has thus assumed somewhat
the form of a monograph, though I should scarcely wish to dignify
a work so imperfect by such a name.

To avoid repetition, I follow the example of "Westwood in class-
ing with the generic marks, all those characters which appear to
be constant in every species, although of such slight importance as
scarcely to be regarded essential to the constitution of the genus.

Pasimachus is near'y allied to Scarites, Acanthoscelis, Oxygna-
thus, Carenum, and several other genera of the Scaritides, by means
of its obtuse maxillae; in the first of tliese genera the tooth with which
this or; usually terminated, exists in a very rudimentary state,

and in the others it is not perceptible. In its dentated mandibles
it resembles ('crenum, Scarites, ;ind a few others. By the well-
marked posterior angles of the thorax, it exhibits a leading off to-

142 Sjyecies of Pasi?nachtis

wards Mono, Catadromus, and the other allied genera of the Har-
palida?. An approach to this is also visible in the genus Carenum ;
some of the species of which resemble Pasimachus depressusin the
form of the thorax.

Another link in this chain will be found in the gdhus Euryde-
rus, which with the head and body of a Harpalide, combines the
palmatcd tibia? of Scarites and its allies ; in some minor points, this
genus exhibits a relation to Daptus, and the other androgynomor-
phous Harpalicla 1 , while the genus Gnathoxys, (Westwood,) uni-
ting to the oral organs of the Feronida?, the antenna?, feet, and
pedunculated abdomen of Scarites, affords still another point in
the chain of affinitus.

The last insect described in this paper, (which is probably con-
generic with Helluo pygma?us (Dej.) of which, however, I do not
possess a specimen,) I regard as forming one of the line of analo-
gies connecting the Brachinida*, and Harpalida?, the Scaritida? also
tending towards the same point ; in the form of the antenna? and
body, it closely resembles some of the species of Ozcena, while its
oral organs approximate it to Morio.

PASIMACHUS Bonelli.

Corpus subelongatum, parallelum, apterum.

Caput latum, subquadratum, depressum, imprcssione utrinque
a labio quadrante exteriorc, postice tendente, et inter oculos cess-
ante, lineaque obliqua ab angulis anticis rectis, ad impressionem,
notatum.

Mandibui, u latae, validae, acuta?, dentata?, dente lato, sinistro
emarginato. Tab. I., c.

M wi;.i. e apice rotundatae, intus dense barbate. Tab. J., a.

LABRUM breve, latum, rugulosum, anticc utrinque sinuatum.

Lahiiw articulatum, magnum, antice utrinque profunde cmar-
ginatum, ita ut trilobatum videtur, lobo cxteriore rotundmto, medio
minore, apicc; fere acuto. Tab. I., b.

Palpi labiates e radiculifl, ad lobi medii latus orientes, articulis
duobus libcris, lmo elongato, cylindrico, 2ndo sestjui minore, ob-

inhabiting the United States. 143

conico, epice paulo truncate Tab. 1. b. : maxillarcs extemi arti-
culo lmo crassiusculo, paulo incurvato, 2ndo breviore elongato,
3io obconico, truncato : interni, filiformes, articulis, duobus aequali-
bus. Tab. I., a.

AntexnjE ante oculos ad mandibularum basin, fovea profunda,
insertae, articulo lmo longiore, crassiore, superne concaviusculo
2ndo reliquis aequante, excepto tertio paulo longiore, ultimo ovato,
fere acuto.

Oculi parvi, rotundati.

Thorax subcordatus, vel subquadratus, antice leviter emargi-
natus, angulis anticis acutis, postice medio obtusangulariter emargi-
natus, lateribus plus minusve, et prajcipue ad basin, depressus;
plerisque impressio obsoleta a marginc ad impressiomen basalem
extendit, quae, impressio basalis exterior vocetur.

Elytra parallela, quibusdam convexa, abis fere depressa, mar-
gine reflexo, postice, turn valde rotundato ex elytrorum convexitate,
turn subacuminata videntur.

Pedes modiocres, postici longiores.

Tibiae anticce subpalmatae, interne ernarginatae, exterae denti-
bus tribus, duobus anticis longis validis armatae : intermedioe cras-
siusculaa, margine exteriore ciliis dentibusque minutis instructo,
spinaque terminali valid a, longa, obtusa: spinis duabus internis
gracilibus acutis : postica; longiores, graciliores, ciliis dentibusque
eodem modo, spina externa brevi, intemis duabus, longis, acutis.

Tarsi filiformes, articulis prirnis longioribus, reliquis, anticis
brevibus, triangularibus : intermediis obconicis, posticis vero cylin-
dricis, omnibus infra ciliatis.

Ungues simplices, graciles.

Larva P. elongati, latebram profunuam in solo format, ibique
mores larvae Cicindelae simulat, caj ite ad 08 latebra? apposito,
praedam expectat, et victimam infelicem propius instantem, ferociter
corripit : P. marginati,et aHorum, sub arborum emortuarum cortioe
victitaHt.

144

Species of Pasimachm

Srecies hujus generis turmas tres effonnant, scilicet:

§ 1. Elytra bevia, pone basin paulo dilatata, apice sub acumi-
nata : the ax lateribus valde rotundatis, ad basin contractus, angu-
lis recurvis.

§ 2. Elytra leviter striat", parallela, apice subrotundata : thorax
(P. obsoh co exceptis) la f cribus vix arcuatis, basi paulo anuustior.

§ 3. Elytra sulcata, vel costis elevatis instructa, planiuscula,
apice sub acuminata ; tborax lateribus depresses, vix arcuatis, basi
paulo angustior.

f *

c i

"3 f leviter impressis,

depressua

(^ fortioribus, linea transversa connexis, morio.

profundis,
I'M

*■■■» •
C to

»,

4 c

punctulatus,

levibus,

a:\iSv

longiuscula, marginc remotiuscula ; ) ,
corpore angustiore, convexioi-e. / c on S a us '

VIX C(l> M1CU1S

incurva:is, acute profundis

pams

rugo.-.in

substriatus.
obsoletus.

assimilis.

nurosus.

-
H

u ^
if.

p

I.

° r

hevibus,
quatuor indistinctis

alternatim atutioribua

sulil;

aevis,

Bubsulcatufl.

marginatus

inhabiting the United States. 145

$ 1. ELYTRA LCLVIA.

Sp. 1. Jcpressus.

Niger, nitidus ; thorace et elytris, cyaneo-marginalis, illo im-
pressionibus basalibus levibus ; maudibulis glabris.
Habitat in provinciis austrafbus. Tab. I., Jig. 1.
Scarites depressus. Fabr. Systema Eleuth. Vol. h,p, 123.

Niger nitidus. Captct, impressionibus frontalibus rectis laavi-
bus, linea levi ad angubun capitis anteriorem extendente, rugulia
paucis indistinctis notata; mandibular glabra? ; labrum utrinque ad
latera impressum, longitudinaliter rugosum; antenna" articulis qua-
tuor primis nitidis, caBteris brunneo pilosis. Thorax lateribns
tenuiter cyaneo-marginatus, linea longitudinali levi ; impressions
transversa antica margine approximata, ad latera distincta, medio
leviter notata ; basalibus levibus, subtriangularibus, postice incur-
vis, rugulis paucis indistinctis notatis : impressione basali exteri-
ore lata, levi. Elytra glabra convexa, lateribus rotund ata, apice
subacuminata, tenuiter cyaneo-marginata, lirea punctorum elato-
rum juxta margin em reflexum signeta; carina brevi acuta, aim-
mero infra tendente, quse carina humeralis vocetur. Tibia posticae
spina interior exteriore duplo longior.

* Sp. 2. morio.

Niger, laevis ; maudibulis glabris ; tborace impressionibus basa-
libus pro fiiii dioribus, postice connexis.

Habitat in Carolina, a Dom. Zimmerman receptus. Tab. I.,

Statura fere praecedentis, sed paulo latior, et minus nitidus;
Caput impressionibus frontalibus paulo longioribus, linea solita
versus angulum tendente exterius dilatata fossulaque levi interna
paulo pone juncturam ; mandibular et an'ennre sicut in praxedente ;
labrum antice sinuatum, fossulia rugisque pluribus nolalum.
Thorax lateribus minus rotundatis ; impressione transversa ante-
riore margine approximata, medio fere obsoleta: linea longitudi-
nali levissima ; impressione transversa posteriore fortiter notata

146 Species ofPasimachus

cum basalibus parallclis longioribus levibus juncta; basalibus ex-
terioribus levioribus. Elytra lateribus paulo rotundioribus, carina
humcrali serieque punctorum ut in praecedente instructa ; tibite
posticae spina interior brevior.

Sp. 3. punctulatus.

Niger, nitidus, sub cyaneo-marginatus ; mandibulis transverse
leviter rugosis, impressionibus froutalibus profundis, rugosis, linea
obliqua rugulis plurimis ; impressionibus thoracis basalibus subru-
gosis, postice subcoeuntibus ; elytris lineis punctorum plus minusue
distinctis.

Habitat in Alabama, Texas, et ad flumen Arkansas prope mon-
tes. Tab \.,Jig. 3.

Pasimachus punctulatus, Haldeman, Proceeding Ac. Nat. So.,
Phil. ; Vol. I., p. 299.

Sequenti similimus, sed major, et subcyaneo-marginatus ; Jab-
rum crebre striatum ; caput impressionibus profundioribus rugosis,
linea obliqua solita striolis transversis. Thorax lineis transversis
crebris undulatis, impressionibus basalibus undulato-rugosis, inte-
rius approximatis. Elytra lineis pluribus punctorum indistincto-
rum, quae interdum cessant.

* Sp. 4. Icevis.

Niger, nitidus ; mandibulis transverse leviter rugosis ; impres-
sionibus froTitalibus minus profundis, linea obliqua fossuliformi ;
thoracis basalibus subtriangularibus, laevibus.

Habitat New Tersey. Tab. l.,Jrg. 4.

Niger nitidus ; corpus latiusculum. Mandibular rugulis trans-
versis notatae ; labium utrinque ad lateia impressum anticeque
leviter sinuatum ; fossulis rugisque pluribus notatum ; impression-
ibus froutalibus minus profundis, interne dilatalis ; linea solita in
fossulam prof'undatn ad angulum dilatata. Thorax lateribus valdc
rotundatus, postice valde retractus; impressionibus basalibus rcc-
tis Laevibus, exteriore transversa, recta, levi. Elytra omnine ut
in depresso.

inhabiting the United States. 147

* Sp. 5. elongatus.

Angustior; niger, nitidus ; thorace, elytrisque cyaneo-margina-
tus ; mandibulis, labio, impressionibusque capitis et thoracis rugo-
sis ; caiina humerali longiore.

Habitat in Territorio Missouriensi ubique. Tab. I., Jig. 5.

Pasimachus depressus, var. a. Say. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc,
New Series, Vol. II., p. 19.

Niger nitidus ; corpus angustius, convexiusculum ; mandibular
transverse rugosae, labrum fortitcr striatum, versus medium utrin-
que impressum ; impressionibus frontalibus profundis, rugulis paucis
indistinctis ; linea obliqua fortitcr impressa, rugis notata. Thorax
lateribus minus rotundatus cceruleo-marginatus ; impressione trans-
versa anteriore ad latera profunda, medio obsoleta ; linea longitu-
dinali satis distincta ; basalibus triangularibus profundis, rugulis
paucis notatis. Elytra longiora, angustiora, apice minus subacu-
minata, cceruleo-marginata, lineis punctorum levibus notata, quae
sicut in punctulato, interdum obso'etae sunt.

$ 2. ELYTRA STRIATA.
* Sp. 6. substriatus.

Niger, nitidus, subcyaneo-marginatus; mandibulis oblique striatis
impressionibus frontalibus postice obsoletis, antice rugosis ; thora-
cis impressionibus parvis, triangularibus, profundis, rugosis ; elytris
levissime striatis, transverseque rugosis.

Habitat Long Island, provinciae Novi Eboraci. Tab. \.,ftg. 6.

Pasimachus substriatus, LcConte, per Halderman, Proceed.
Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. Vol. I. p. 313.

Niger, nitidus, subcyaneo-marginatus ; caput rugulis paucis
pone oculos ; impressionibus frontalibus postice vix conspicuis, an-
tice rugis paucis, linea obliqua profunda, valida, rugulis notata;
labrum rugosum, antice medio tridentatum, dente intermedio ma-
jore, rotund ato ; mandibulx oblique striatic. Thorax rugulis paucis
ad latera, marginc subcyanca, angulis posticis obtusis ; impressione

148 Species of Pasimachus

transversa anteriore, medio obsoleta ; linea longitudinal] satis dig-
tincta, impressione lata levi ad dodrantcm ; impressionibus liaaali-
bus parvis, profundis, triangularibus, rugis pauciB brevibus notatis.
Elytra parallela, convexa, apice subacuminato-rotundata, cyaneo-j
jiuaia, levissime ct obsoletissime striata, striis latis, exteriori-
bus paulo evidentioribus, rugis nonnullis obsoletis transversia,
Tibia intermedia.- breviusculae.

*

Sp. 7. ohsolctus.

Niger, nitidus ; mandibulis leviter striatis ; impressionibus
frontalibus profundis, rugosulis notatis ; basalibus profundis, rugo-
sis, incurvatis ; elytris sulcis tribus exteris evidentioribus, reliquia
obsoletis, linea simplici punctorum notatis.

Halriat ad flumen Platte, prope Rocky Mountains. Tab. I.,

fig- -7.

Niger nitidus subcyaneo-marginatus. Mandibular leviter stria-
ta ; / brum utrinque striatum, medio magis exstans, laeve ; impres-
sioncs frontales profundae, marginera anticum capitis atti i Rentes,
rugosuli i pluribus notatae ; linea obi i qua valida. Thorax postice
retractus, margine rotundatus, angulis posticis rectis; impressioni-
bus basalibus profundis, rugosis incurvatis, medio fere coeuntibus ;
linea longitudinal] tenni. Elytra minus parallela, pone liumeros
paulo dilatata ; proptei ea, sectionis nrimae formam assumit corpus ;
Bui bus ( ternis distinctis, tertioque satis uotato, reliquU ob-

soletissimis, lineis quin [ue punctorum Bimplicibus substitulis, (' ■■•-
teri j>i i i dentes assimilat.

* Sp. 8. assimilis.

N jer, nitidus, subcyaneo-marginatus ; mandibulis ol liqucstri-
atis in mibus frontalibus rugulis paucti an icis; tborace ru-

iloso ; irapn ibus basalibus levibu ; • '\ ria opaciusculis,

Btriali tr i \e\ iter rugose-punclatu .

Habital in Georgia, rarius. Tab. [., Jig. 8.

Niger nitidus, Bubcyam i-mai ; m an dibula oblique ru-

inhabiting the United States. 149

■e

gosae, lahrum sicut in substriato ; impressionibus frontalibus sctis,
antice rugulosis, linea obliqua profunda. Thoracis forma sv 'stri-
atum, et sequentes onumm refert, minus tamen antice rotui.iatus,
rugulis indistinctis, praesertim ad latora notatus ; impressione trana-
versa anteriore, margine approximata, medio obliterata, lin( lon-
gitudinali distincta ; basalibus levibus, ad marginem subextc enti-
bus. Elytra parallela, convexa, ]>osticc sub-rotundata, cyain aiar-
ginata, minus nitida, striata, striis rugose-puixtatis, extemis . iori-
bus, sulcos effingentibus, 3ia. et 7ma. 5ta. ct Gta. versus a] Iccm
conjunctis. Ca?teris praecedentes refcrt.

* Sp. 9. rugosus.

Latiusculus, cyaneo-marginatus ; mandibulis rugosis ; impres-

sionibus frontalibus levibus, linea obliqua profunda, excaval tho-
racis basalibus incurvatis parvis, rugosis ; elytris striis latior: s.
Habitat in Nova Caesarea. Tab. II., Jig. 1.

Corpus latius, convexiusculum, nigrum, cyaneo-marginatum,
mandibulce et lahrum sicut in praecedente : impressionibus 1 tali-
bus levibus; linea obliqua exarata, profunda, Irevi ; thorax lateri-
bus antice vix rotundatis, angulis anlicis acutis, posticis c tusis;
impressione transversa anteriore, medio obliterata, distinct! 1 la-
tera ; liuea longitudinali profunda, rugulis paucis transversi inter-
secta; basalibus brevibus, posticc incurvatis, rugosis, rugis- le no-
nullis versus angulum posticum. E'/;/ra ut. in rraecedente, s( ;triaj
paulo latiores, 3ia. et. 4ta. 5ta. ct Gta. conjunctis.

S;j. ! 0. suhlavis.

Latiusculus, cyaneo-marginatus ; mandibulia rugosis, in essi-
onibus frontalibus latis rugulosis, linea obli |ua di i ta, b bus
oblongis, rectis, laevibus, elytris striis (exceptis primia du lati-

oribus, sulcos simulantibus.

Habitat in Georgia. Tab. U.,Jig. 2.

Scarites sublevis. Pal sot de Beauvois. Inscctes uV Afr , e ct
d'Amerique, p. 107.

150 Species of T asimaclius

Statura fere praecedentis, paulo latior; mandibtdis et lahro pri-
ores refert : imprcssionibus frontalibus longioribus, latis, subrugo-
sis ; linea obliqua, distincta, rugulis notata. Thorax margine ver-
sus angulum posticum latiore ; basi nun marginatus (quo ab omni-
bus aliifl differt) ; impressionc transversa anteriore medio oblitera-
ta ; linea longitudinal! distincta; basal ibus longioribus, rectis, pos-
tice incurvatis, profundis, hevibus. Elytra sti'iis externis protundi-
oribu.., prima angusta, inconspicua, reliquis latis, sulcos simulanti-
bus, 3ia. et 4ta. 5ta. et Gta. versus apicem cocuntibus, omnibus in-
conspicue rugoso-punctatis.

$ 3. ELYTRA COSTIS ELEVATIS.
Sp. 11. subsulcatus.

Deprcssior, postice sub-acuminatus, niger, cyaneo-marginatus :
manddudis fere glabris ; impressiouibus frontalibus profundis,
cyaneo-micantibus ; imprcssionibus basalibus profundis, hevibus ;
elytris costis subclevatis indistiuctissimis.

Habitat in provinciis australilms, rarius. Tab. 11.,^^. 3.

Pasimachus subsulcatus. Say. Trans. Am. Pbilos. Soe. New
Series, Vol. XI., p. 19.

Corpus dcpressum, postice subacuminatum, cyanco-marginntum,
mandi'iiiln' rugulis paucis obsoletia ; labrum utrinque fovcolistribus,
antic- Bub-tridentatum ; imprcssionibus frontalibus profundis, latis,
violace »-submicantibus ; linea obliqua distincta transverse rugosa.
Thorax Bubquadratus, antice emarginatus, angulia anticis acutis,
lateribuB leviter rotundatis, margine reflexo, angulia posticis subrec-
tis : itnpressione transversa anteriore margine approximata, medio
vix distincta : linea longitudinali bene notata ; basalibus profundis,
postice mbcoeuntibus, violaceo-submicantibuB, cum imprcssiono
altera, juxta marginem, Bubrotunda. Wytra costis elatis obsoletis,
(prope uturam obliteratis,) altornatim evidentinribus, margine re-
flexo. SubtUB violaceomicans, abdomen nigrum.

inhabiting the United States. 151

Sp. 12. marginatus.

Depressior, postice sub-acuminatus : niger violaceo-marginatus ;
mandibular subrugosa? ; impressionibus frontalibus latis, rugosis,
postice sub-coentibus, thoracis margine depresso, latiusculo, basali-
bus latis minime profundis, elytra 7-costata, costis altematim evi-
dentioiibus.

Habitat in provinciis australibus, communius. Tab. W.,fig. 1.

Scarites marginatus Fabr. Sys. Eleutb. p. 123. Pasimachus
sulcatus Mac Leay. Dej. Cat.

Niger, opaciusculus, depressior, postice subacuminatus, sub-
violaceo marginatus ; mandibulce rugis paucis indistincus ; labrum
profunde impressum, antice subtridcntatum ; impressiones frontales
lata?, subrugosar, violaceo-micantes, postice subcoeuntes linea ob-
liqua distincta. Thorax subquadratus lateribus leviter rotundatus,
depressis, violaceis versus basin latioribus ; impressione transversa
anteriore distincta, basalibus latis, geminis, levibus, interiore sub-
triangulari, postice versus medium tendente, exteriore subrotunda;
linea longitudinali distincta. Elytra costis septem elevatis, nitidi-
oribus, suturali vix distincta, 2da. et 4ta. Gta. et 7ma. distinctioribus,
postice coeuntibus. Subtus subviolaceo-micans ; abdomen nigrum.

EURYDERUS, AW. Gen.

Corpus crassum, ellipticum, convexum, alatum.

Caput triangulare, postice non retractum.

Mandibulce validae, obtusae, dente parvo prope basin. Tab. II,

fig- 5, c.

Maxillae angusta 5 , apice incurvata;, valde acuta?, intus cilitae. Tab.
II. fig. 5, b.

Labrum subquadratum. angulis anticis rotundatis.

Labium antice profunde emarginatum, basi emarginationis sub-
recta.

Palpi labiales filiformes, art'culis duobns a-qualibus, ultimo ovali
apice paulo truncato. Tab. W.fig. 5. b.
maxilla'cs filiformes, articulis suba?(jua!ibiis, ultimis paulo
brevioribus, ovalibus, apice paulo truncatis.
interni parvi, tenues. Tab. W.fig. 5. b.

152 Species of Pasimuchus

Antennae ad nvmdibularum l>asin, juxta oculos inserts? ; articulo
primo 1 ingiore, crassiore, roliquis aequalibus, quinto sequen-
tibusque. submoniliformibus, ultimo ovali. Tab. II. Jig. 5. a.

Oculi medioeres rotundati.

Tiiokax subquadiatus, longitudinc duplo latior, antice leviter emar-
ginatus, angulis obtusis, lateribus rotundatus, ad basin rec-
tum depressis, angulis posticis planis rcctis.

Elytra thoracc baud latiora, paraliela, apice rotundata, stria ru-
diincntali inter primam et secundam posita.

Sc'JT^T.i.L'M mediocre.

Pedes validae.

Tibi.e antica? subpalmata?, lata?, extus subemarginata?, dente ante-
riore producto, obtuso, intus profunde emarginata?, calcare
antico magno crasso.
intermedia? ct postiea? extus ciliata?.

Tarsi antice articulis trangularibus, maris, flemimeque similes, re-
liqui subfiliformes. Tab. 11. Jig. 5. d.

Cox.e postica? externe producta?, apice acuta?.

Ungues simplices, graciles.

Genus hocce ad Harpalidarum familiam pertinet.

* E. zabroides.

Niger, nitidus, elytri.; interstitio 2ndo. 4to. et Gto. punctorum
serie DOtatis.

Habitat apud (lumen Tlatte supra furcationcm, solo vagans.
Tab. U.fig.b.

Niger nitidus; labrum setis parvis Donnullis; <n>t< nn<r.\n-nc\i\\$
primis quatuor setis paucis, reliquis brunneo-pilosis. Caput im-
pressionibus duabus inter oculos, bre ibus, latis, sparse punctatis,
linea transversa antice conncxis. Thorax margine depresso, punc-
tato, prope basin latiore, setis longis nonnullis e punctis magnis
juxta in Lrginem orientibus ; ante impressionem transversam distinc-
tion punctis paucis notatus ; Linea longitudinal] distincta : l>asi pone

inhabiting the United States. 153

impressionem transversam posticam, depressa, punctata ; basalibus
distinctis punctatis. Scutcllum lasve. Elytra striata, stria rudimen-
tali longa, interstitio Sndo. 4to. et 6to. serie punctorum, e quibus
oriuntur setae longa?. Epipleurce punctis impressis setiferis. Pedes
et abdomen setis plurimis instructi.

PSYDRUS. gen. nov.

Corpus depressum, subelongatum.

Caput latum, triangulare, pone oculos constrictum.

Mandibul^ validae acuta?.

Maxillje apice incurvatae acuminata?.

Labrum breve, leviter emarginatum.

Labium magnum, concavum, profunde emarginatum, dente nullo.
Tab. II, fig. 6, b.

Palpi labialcs breves, articulo ultimo paulo longiore, crassiore,
apice truncato.

maxillarcs externi, articulo pcnultimo duplo breviore, ultimo
apice truncato.
interni tenues.

Antennae apice paulo incrassatae, setiferae : articulo primo longi-
ore, crasso, secundo, quarto, et senuentibus moniliformibus,
aequalibus, 3io. paulo longiore, ultimo majore ovali. Tab.
II. fig. 6. a.

Oculi rotundati prominentes.

Thorax subcordatus, lateribus rotundatus, basi retractus, anguli3
posticis acute rectis.

Elytra thorace latiora, plana, apice neque sinuata nee truncata.

Pedes mediocres.

Tarsi latiusculi ; antici, articulis triangularibus, penultimo parvo.

Tibiae anticaa, intus profunde emarginatas.

Ungues simplices.

Cox.e posticae, latae apice truncatae.

Genus bocce post Ozaenam Bracbinidarum ponendum,

154 Species of Pasimachus.

* P 2>i ceus -

Piceus niridus, capite, tlioraccque punctatis ; clytris profunde
Btriato-punotatis, interstitiis punctis parvis serie dispositis.

Habitat ad Eagle River, lacus Supcrioris. Tab. II. fig. 6.

Piceus, nitidus ; caput punctatum, impressiones frontales longa*
obliquae, profundse, grosse punctata-, setisquc paucis. Os ferrugi-
neum. Antenna; articulis tribus primis glabris, reliquis brunneo-
pilosis. Thorax tam latus quam longus, punctatus, densius prope
basin, antice non emarginatus, lateribus tenuissime marginatus, se-
tis tribus longisj ad angulum anticum, medio, et ad angulum posti-
cum positis ; linea longitudinali bene notata, impressione transver-
sa antica distincta, margine remota : postica valde profunda, basal-
ibus brevibus, profundis, basi depresso-coeuntibus. Elytra tborace
latiora, latitudine duplo longiora, angulis bumeralibus rotundatis,
profunde striato-punctatis, interstitiis planis, punctis minutis, online
dispositis ; 6etis longis nonullis e serie punctorum marginal] orien-
tibus ; epipleuris concavis la2vibus. Subtus punctatus ; tibia et tarsi
brunnei, pilosi.

Description of a New Species of Apus, by John Le Conte, F.
L. S., &c. Read December 8th, 1845.

Among the many valuable objects of Natural History which my
son procured during his late journey to the Rocky Mountains, one
of the most interesting is the small crustaceous animal, which is
the subject of the present communication.

The genus Apus, originally considered by Linne, along with
the Limulus or Horse-shoe Crab of our own sea coast, as species
of Monoculus, received its present name from the illustrious John
Anthony Scopoli. To both the genera Monoculus and Limulus, it
bears a striking external resemblance, particularly to the latter :
indeed, if we consider its facies alone (setting aside the naked tail,)
we should be very apt to conclude that it was a close congener of
them. But when properly studied, there will be found a vast in-
terval between these animals, both as regards the structure of the
body, and the detail of the oral and masticatory organs. This in-
terval is undoubtedly filled up by numerous beings, either not
known or not yet sufficiently examined ; " Natura enim non facit
saltus :" Savigny has observed that there is as much difference be-
tween them as between a crab and a spider (phalangium.)

But three species of Apus are known to Naturalists; the A
cancriformis the A. productus of Leach, by him called^ Lepidu-
rus, and the A. Montagui, of the same author. The first and last
of these are readily distinguished from our species by the shortness
of the caudal extremity, and the other by having an oval horizontal
lamina extending from the emai'gination of the last joint of the
tail*

It may not be amiss to observe here, that the animal described
by Mr. Say, in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences
of Philadelphia, vol. 1, page 437, and considered by Dr. Dekay,
in the fifth volume of the Natural History of this State, as an
Apus, cannot belong to the same genus as this which we are now
considering, as it was found parasitic on a crab, and has but two
eyes ; from the very imperfect description, it is impossible to say
what it is. It seems to have some relation to Caligus, but as I ob-

* In the first volume of Major Long's Expedition to the Rocky Mountains, mention is made
of a species of Apus, three-tenths of an inch in length, but no detailed description is given : it
may belong to some other genus of Crustacea.

156 A New Species of Apus.

served before, it is impossible to determine where it should bo

arranged.

* APUS LONGIOAUDATUS.
Pale brown : buckler large, thin, gibbous, nearly round, carinate

on the middle of the back, deeply emarginate behind, the edges of
the emargination fringed with short spines: eyes three, simple, the
two anterior larger, approximate, somewhat lunate, the third one
round, placed in the middle behind the two others : antennae very
short, inserted near the mandibles, two-jointed, joints clyndrical,
subequal, the second joints somewhat accumulate and naked at the
tip : first pair of feet, or as they have been called, exterior anten-
nae, furnished with four articulated filaments; of these filaments,
the outer one is longer than the body, the next half the length of
the first, the third about one third the length of the second, and
the fourth very short : the other feet, amounting to ten pair, are
flattened, trifid at the tip, the intermediate division being the long-
est, furnished ou the inner side with a short branch, and exter-
nally with a broad lamina : below these feet arc twelve pair of
lamin-.e. the live anterior pair larger, the seven smaller pair reach-
ing to the vent, which is covered by the last pair ; these laminae
are complicated in their structure, and ciliate with short hairs:
tail long, consisting of sixteen joints counting downwards from
the vent, the last one the longest, somewhat coriaceous, emargi-
nate and ending in two long articulated naked filaments, the joints
of the tail and of* the filaments are furnished each with a row of
small spines, which run entirely round.

Length to the end of the tail, 1.5 of an inch, of the buckler,
.05, breadth of the same, 7.

■Male HI., fig. I. (a.) one of the feet, (b.) one of the lamina 1 .

Of the habits of this animal, we know but little; it was found

in immense numbers in a small shallow lake on the high plateau

between Lodge-pole creet and Crow creek, north-east of Lon
peak: they were swimming about with great activity, plunging to
the bottom and r ing in the surface. All of them that wi re cauj
appear to be male . at l< ai I none of them have any ova attached :

th( aon in Europe, A. cancril lis, on the contrary,

never been found but of the opposite s< s.

Description of Three New Fossils from the Falls of the Ohio,
by Isaachar Cozzens. Read December 8th, 1S45.

Although many of the states have employed competent geolo-
gists to explore their territories, it cannot be but that many objects
of Natural History must unavoidably have been unnoticed by them ;
this, I suppose to have been the case with the fossils I am to de-
scribe.

About the year 1840, the late Rev. Benjamin O. Peers put into
my hands a number of fossils, which he informed me were obtained
at the falls of the Ohio river. After due examination of some twenty
or thirty distinct species, I selected three, which I believe to have
been hitherto undescribed. One of these, of which I have three
specimens, appears to be the buckler of a crustaceous animal ; the
other two are shells belonging to the classes mollusca and conchi-
fera ; the one a bivalve, and allied to the Spirifer of Sowerby or
Delrhyris of Dalman; the other a univalve, belonging to the family
of Orthocerata. I shall begin by describing the Crustacean.

Genus Piliolites, (from mTdov, a scull cap.)

Buckler gibbous, anterior and posterior margins, with a groove ;
the anterior groove deeper than the posterior, more slightly grooved
on the sides.

* Ohioensis. Buckler gibbous, ovate, arched, margined, anterior
margin smaller and sloping downwards ; posterior, thicker and
turning up ; lateral margins very small. Plate X. fig. 1, a.b.
The three specimens from which this description is made, are
all precisely alike, both in form and size. They have the appear-
ance or shape of that part of the human skull which is above the eyes
and ears ; across the front is a furro w, and at the ends of this furrow
are placed small protuberances resembling eye-brows, under these
protuberances, the eyes were most probably situated as in living
crabs. The nearest recent species which this fossil relictresembles,
is the Leucosia craniolaris, Fabr.; but in this animal the front of

158 Tlircc New Fossils

the buckler ij prolonged, whilst in our species it is truncated. In
the Leucosis the posterior part is truncated, in this it is rounded.
The specimens which I have are the mere bucklers of the animals,
without logs, claws, branchiae, or antennae, and resemble the rejected
shells of ordinary Crustacea. There are on the crown or top of all
tho specimens, regularly waved lines or grooves; on each side of
the slope, corresponding to each other, in one specimen, these hnes
are dark-coloured ; in another the colour is faint, but the grooves
deeper and more distinct, and in the third, they are almost obso-
lete. The cavity on the under side of the buckler being entirely
filled with chrystaline lime-stone, prevents any description of that
part of the animal being made : length 0.9 inch, breadth 0.7 inch.

GENUS PENTAGONIA.

Shell bivalve, inequivalve, having five sides, somewhat gaping j;
lower valve with three sides, upper with two ; beaks contiguous.

* P. Peers ii.

Shell somewhat gaping, with five sides and tln-ee carinae y
two of the carinae on the lower valve commence at the beak, and
diverge towards the margin, and end at the opening, the valve be-
ing concave between them ; the lateral margins small and nearly
vertical, an elevated carina on the middle of the upper valve,' ren-
dering its sides somewhat concave. This carina has a shallow
furrow in it, commencing at the beak and running more than hair
way along the shell towards the opening. On each side of the up-
per valve and contiguous to the beaks, are two angular protuberan-
ces, giving the shell when viewed at the beaks, a pentagonal ap-
pearance, and at the same time a visage-form look: length 1.1
inch, breadth 0.0 inch. Plate X. fig. 2, a. b.

The cavity of this shell was filled with the samo limestone as
the Piliolites.

GENUS CONULITES.

Shell pyramidal, somewhat quadrangular, with the planes some-
what curved, aperture wido and festooned by lines of growth.

from the Ohio. 159

*C. elevata.

Shell conical or pyramidal, with four nearly equal sides, the
plane of the sides more or less rounded, one of the sides nearly
flat, the opposite corresponding one more rounded, the other two
sides respectively, are neither so flat nor so rounded : substance o
the shell very thin. Plate X. fig. 3.

This fossil is of a pyramidal form from the aperture upwards; it
has annular waved transverse lines in succession from the apex to
the mouth; these lines are subimbricate, lying partly on one ano-
ther ; at the opening there are four lips, one on each side corres-
ponding to the planes, and prolonged downwards ; at each corner
of the pyramidal form and at the opening, the transverse lines are
drawn up, forming with the lips a sort of festoon around the base.
The cavity of this shell is filled with the same substance as the pre-
ceding species. The limestone from which these fossils were ta-
ken, is of a grey colour and chrystaline texture ; it is not generally
known whether it belongs to the Silurian or Carboniferous series.

On certain Coleoptera, indigenous to the Eastern and Western
Continents. By John L.Le Conte.

Read January 19th, 1846.

The number of forms of animal life common to the two conti-
nents is far from being great ; and it is therefore presumed that any
new examples of such extensive distribution will not be without in-
terest to the student of nature. Many of the species which are
found on either continent, were undoubtedly introduced from one
to the other, in the ordinary articles of commerce. Thus, for in-
stance, Calandra oryzcz has been brought in rice ; Ptinusfur, An-
threnus museorum and pimjpinellai, several species of Dermestes, At-
tagenus, and many others belonging to different orders of insects,
would accompany the various necessaries of life, or the numberless
articles of luxury which are continually crossing the ocean. Cardites

1G0 Colcoptcra of t7ic Eastern

auraius has been carried in the earth surrounding' the roots of trees.
So raried, in truth, is the habitation of the insect world, that almost
every conceivable importation may serve as the nidus of some spe-
cies, which radiating from this point may, in the course of time,
become completely naturalized in a foreign land.

There are, however, other kinds for whose presence in this
country no such satisfactory reason can be assigned. They are not
confined to the more settled portions of our republic, nor is their
occurrence a matter of such rarity as to render it probable that their
abode on this continent has been of short duration. It is to these
mainly that we shall confine our attention.

It is not intended in this essay to enter into a detailed examina-
tion of the various theories which have been proposed, in order to
accounl for these coincidences of production: any generalizations
from the few facts at present possessed on the subject, would l>e al-
togi ther premature. Patient investigation must first make known
the limits of the distribution of these animals, and then we may hope
to evolve a theorj Buitable to the results obtained.

Any BUcb reputed fact, as the discovery of a species on this con-
tinent, which baa heretofore been supposed to be confined to the
old world, phould be received with extreme hesitation, and admit
ted as correct only after tbe moat rigid examination. Many such
pretended discoveries have been overthrown by the increase of our
knowledge; similar assertions should therefore be submitted to
the I scrutiny.

terii for a short time into the regions of speculation, we
might easily suppose a 'priori, that in the operation of the general
laws of creation, which probably obtain throughout the physical uni-
verse, the productions of the two hemispheres would approximate
in character, according as the circumstances under which they ori-

ated were more or less similar. Now one of the most efficient
of these circumstance . because one thai always continues actii
with equal force, if a similarity of climate. It is also a fact, almost
id( ut indeed, from physical considerations, thai the climates of
the two continents approach more nearly to each other, the farther
wc pioet ed north ; it might therefore be inferred that tho similari-

and Western Continents. 161

ties between the animal inhabitants of the eastern and western world
would be much more evident the nearer we approach the arctic
circle. Such in reality is found to be the case ; and if we admit that
the creative power in nature works by uniform and general laws, it
will no- longer be matter of surprise, that exactly similar circum-
stances should occur in a few instances, and thus give rise to organ-
ized products, so nearly resembling each other, that in the present
state of our knowledge they must be considered identical.

It must be confessed that no general laws in the creative organ-
ic power have yet been shown ; nor is it at all probable that any
such can be rendered physically evident by human intellect. Their
existence must always be regarded as a matter of inference, rather
than an opinion susceptible of direct proof. It is still a question of
dispute between philosophers, whether the creation of a species is
to be ascribed to a direct manifestation of a supernatural agency,
or whether the Deity, in this, as in every department of nature
which has yet been brought within the scope of scientific research,
operates by universal laWs impressed upon matter. From the
gradual increase in complexity of development which is made ap-
parent in following out the history of any individual organ, it seems
probable that such laws do exist ; otherwise there would be no special
reason why the same oi-gan should be formed throughout the whole
chain of animated nature, by the gradual expansion of a single,
uniform type.

If, on the other hand, we were to allow the distinct, and separ-
ate exercise of omnipotence, for the creation of each separate and
distinct species, would it not be limiting the power of the Creator
far below our proper ideas of his greatness, to suppose that one
primary form alone would suffice for each essential organ, and that
all others must be derived from this original type .'

But enough has been already said on this obscure subject,
which may properly be called the metaphysics of Natural History,
Let us pass then to some 1 examples of the identity of

production above referred to.

1. Loricera pilicornis Fabr. — Several specimens of this curi-
ous insect were found floating in Lake Superior at Kewenaw Point-

162 Col copter a of the Eastern

After a most attentive examination, no difference can be perceived
between our specimens, and those from the north of Europe.

2. Bembidium impressum Fabr. — Occurs abundantly about Lake
Superior. Dr. Richardson's party also found it in many northern
situations.

3. Bembidium paludosum Fabr. — This species inhabits the
banks of streams emptying into Lake Superior. It is to be care-
fully distinguished from B. inaequale Say, which it closely resem-
bles, and which I obtained near the Rocky mountains.

{ 4. SilpTia Lapponica Fabr. — caudata Say. — This insect is found
in every part of the continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, north
of 42°.

5. Corynctcs (Nccrobia) violaceus Fabr. — This necrophage ap-
peal's to increase in numbers, the farther it is removed from the
haunts of man : in the barren regions adjoining the Rocky Moun-
tains, where insects reign in almost undisputed mastery, unchecked
by scarce a single foe, it may be observed covering the ground un-
der any small piece of animal matter, which has been overlooked
by the wolves and ravens, or which has defied the power of their
teeth and beaks.

G. Bost ric Int a typographies and others of the same genus.
. VI "ij 1. 1 ml in every place under the bark of pine trees.

7. Coccinella Z-fasciata Fabr. — from Lake Superior.

8. Hippodamia \Z-pwtctata Fabr. found every where.

In these species, as in the preceding, observation fails to detect
the slightest difference between the American and European speci-
mens.

Several other examples mighl be easily adduced, but to some

of them it would be urged, that by some possibility* they might

have been introduced. In the selections made, all Buch have been

ided, and thos< Ikewise been excluded, which

have nol b ■>> . ubmitted to a stricl comparison with well authenti-

I Lndrt iduals from the old world.

Many in tana bl likewise be obtained from other orders of

a Cardui, and some Bpecies of Pierit from the

and Western Continents. 163

Lepidopera ; the first of which is found in every part of the globe.
As however the attention of the writer has been directed more
particiilarly to the Coleoptera, the species referred to, have been
exclusively of that order.

Description of some new species of Shells, By John H. Red-
field. Read January 26tli, 184G-

Margixella flavida. Plate X. fig. 4, a. b. — Cabinet of the

Lyceum.

M. testS, parva, ovata, lcevissima, flavida, scepe f asciis tribus sub»
rufis ; labro albo, crasso, reflexo, intus obsolete denticulato : aper-
tura lutea : spira breve conica, apice rubro ; columella quadripli-

Shell small, ovate, highly polished, yellowish white, sometimes
crossed by three reddish bands, of which the uppermost is immedi-
ately beneath the suture. Lip white, strongly thickened, obtusely
reflected, extending a little upon the penultimate whorl, and indis-
tinctly denticulate within. Spire short, and tipped with red or
brown. Columella with four plaits, all oblique, the lower ones the
most so : a slight callosity upon its upper part near its junction
with the outer lip. Aperture bright yellow sometimes verging up-
on brown, and deepest near the extremities : length, 0.47 inch :
breadth, 0.31 inch.

Hah/tat, Cuba and Bahama Islands.

Remarks. — This little species though familiar to collectors,
does not appear to have been described. It occupies an interme-
diate position between Marginella conoidalis, Kiener, and M. d'ta-
fhana, Eiener. The three species are each well defined, nud con-
stitute an interesting little group. The one just described, differs
from the M. conoidalis in its yellowish color, in being loss solid, and
in being destitute of the reddish dots usually found upon the outer
margin of that species. The M. diaphana, on the other hand, is a

164 Description of some

still thinner and lighter shell than the M. flarida, of a deeper yel--
low, and has the outer margin of its lip stained with orange-red.
Some eonchologists have referred the shell before us to the J\I. api-
ci/ta, Menkc, (Synopsis meth. mollusc.) Menke's description, how-
ever, which is accompanied hy no figure, is so short and indefinite
as to apply equally well to two or three species, and on reference
to specimens of M. apicina, in the cabinet of Dr. Jay, received by
him from Europe under that name, they proved to be well charac-
terized specimens of M. conoid alis, Kiener, possessing the dots up-
on the outer lip peculiar to that species. Hinds, (Proc. Zool. Soc.
April, 1844,) has described a MargineUa Jidda from Cuba, which
is evidently related to this group, and may perhaps be identical
with M. conoidalis.

Marginella obesa. Plate X. fig. 5, a. b. — Cabinet of the Lyceum

Testa ovata, tumida, leevissima, albido-lutesente, lineis trans-
versis confer! issimis interruptis fuscis aut nigris, in llammulis un-
dulatis longitudinalibus dispositis ; spira obtecta, maculis fuscis
circumdata : labro intus obsolete crenulato, extus scope nigro
maculato ; columella sex vel octo-plirata ; plicis quatuor inferiori-
bus distinctis obliquis ; alteris superioribufl obsoletis transversis.

Shell ovate, tumid, highly polished; color yellowish-white with
crowded transverse interrupted lines of dark brown, which are in-
clined tobe grouped in Longitudinal undulations. A vitreous enam-
el conis the whole shell, so as slightly lo obscure the markings.

Bpire, which would he nearly concealed by the last u horl, is en-
i . covered by thi enamel, and is surrounded by five or sis dark
I.: iwn speckles. The lip is obsoletely toothed within; without, ii
is not distinctly margined, is m ire of ;i yellowish cast than the resl
of the shell, and usually ba from one to three black spots or ir-
i lar blotches. The columella baa from .-i\ to eighl folds; the
uppermost three or four are verj Bmall, while the lowest but one is

, slightly bifid within, and extends outwardly into an elevated

New Species of Shells. 165

callosity which reaches nearly to the basal notch ; between the ba-
sal notch and this callosity is usually a brownish spot : length, 0.55
inch: breadth, 0.36 inch.

Habitat, Caribbean Sea at Carthagena, S. A.

Remarks. — This beautiful little Marginella was forwarded me
from Carthagena, by W. W. Whitney, Esq. It occurs abundantly
in company with M. interrupta Lam. and in its general aspect is
so much like that, as to be easily mistaken for it. But an attentive
examination of a large number of individuals of each species has
convinced me that they are entirely distinct. The M. interrupta is
less tumid, and the outer margin of its lip is wrinkled and most dis-
tinctly defined. The lip of the M. obesa is outwardly smooth, and
has so little distinctness of outline that when the shell is placed
with the back upwards, it might be taken for a Cypraea. The M.
interrupta has often one or more reddish blotches upon the back of
the shell ; these I have never seen distinctly developed in the M.
obesa. On the other hand, the M. interrupta is destitute of the
black speckles which surround the spire of the M. obesa, and of
the black spots, which in the latter occur upon the outer margin of
the lip, and near the base of the columella.

Triton Oregonense. Plate XI. fig. 2, a, b, — Cabinet of Dr. B.
W. Budd. Cabinet of Naval Lyceum, Brooklyn.

Testa fusiformi, elongata, tenui, albida, epidermide hirsuta fus-
ca induta ; anfractibus rotundatis ; plicis longitudinalibus, costis et
sulcis transversis valde decussatis ; varicibus exilibus ; apertura
ovata, canaliculata, alba.

Shell fusiform, elongate ; thin, whitish, covered with a rough,
hairy, brown epidermis; the whorls are rounded, with from 18 to
25 longitudinal folds which are cancellated by transverse ribs and
furrows. There are four or five of these ribs on each of the up-
per whorls, and each rib is divided by a slight furrow, while the
intervening hollows are in like manner divided by a slight ridge.
The last whorl has from 10 to 15 transverse ribs, and their bifid
character is not so conspicuous as upon the upper whorls. The va-
rices are about 12 in number, not prominent, and are crossed by

166 Description of some

the ribs already mentioned. Aperture ovate, elongate, extending
downwards into an open canal; the exterior rihs and folds plainly
visible within. When mature the right lip is slightly thickened in-
to a varix. The columella shows upon its upper part the trans-
verse ridges of the shell, the lower portion is smooth and some-
what twisted ; a slight umbilical trace is seen where the pillar lip
ia applied to the base of the shell : length, 4.25 inches, breadth, 2
inches.

Habitat, Straits of St. Juan de Fuca, Oregon.

Remarks. — I am indebted to the kindness of Dr. Budd, for the
opportunity of describing this curious shell. In form it resembles
the Fusus antiqnus (Lin.) Lam. It is very nearly allied to T. can-
cell at urn. Lam. and to T. scahrum, King, but it is readily distin-
guished from the firmer, by the absence of the elevated tooth or
ridge which is found upon the upper portion of the columella in
ihat Bpecies, while from the T. seabrUm it is distinguished by its
greater size, its elongation, the rounded character of its whorls, its
longer canal, and its more prominent cancellation. Its varices also,
though not very prominent, are more so than in cither of the species
just mentioned.

Ranella Tiu-.rsites. Plate X. fig. 6, a.b. — My Cabinet — Cabi-
nets of Dr. fl Tr. Budd, ('. M. WheaOey and X. B. Wilbur.

Tests' ovatl, gibbosd,, alhido-lutescente, tuberculatd. el transver-
sim sulcata ; tuberculis elevatis, acutis, compressis, interdum distor-
ts : raricibus transverse rugosi . ad suturas eanali instructis; aper-
turfl llaN.'i. wti.'i(juc extremitate canaliculate ; margine dentato, in-
crassato ; columella rugosi.

Shell ovate, gibbous, composed of about seven whorls. The
ippi r whorls are angular at the middle and furnished al the angle
with a series of elevated, horizontally compressed, pointed tuber-
cles. These become quite large upon the last whorl and show an
inclination t<> distortion. The spire usually lias three of these tu-
ben le between each varix, bul <>n the back of the hut whorl, the
minil>er vaii.s from one i" i luce, one of the tubercles being some-

New Species of S7iclls. 167

times unduly enlarged at the expense of one or more of the re-
maining ones, thus giving the shell unusual gibbosity. The shell
is also crossed by numerous revolving elevated lines, two of which
are more prominent than the others, especially at the point where
they cross the varices. The uppermost of these ridges supports the
series of tubercles already mentioned, the other is occasionally el-
evated at irregular intervals into a few tubercles of much smaller
size than those upon the upper. The varices are transversely ru-
gose. Aperture ovate, extending upwards into a deeply hollowed
channel, the remains of which are very apparent on each of the
last three whorls, at the junction of the varix with the suture. Right
lip thickened and strongly denticulate. Columella transversely
wrinkled. Color yellowish white or light fawn, obscurely and ir-
regularly clouded with reddish brown, and the last whorl is crossed
by three series of brownish dots or interrupted lines, of which the
uppermost two follow the series of tubercles, and the other crosses
the front of the shell, near the upper part of the aperture, and is
there more apparent than elsewhere : length, 1.9 inches, breadth
1.4 inches.

Divergence of spire, measured at the varices 80°.

Habitat. — Unknown, probably some portion of the Pacific or
Indian Oceans.

Remarks. — This interesting species of Ranella, which seems
to have been unknown to, or overlooked by all the writers upon
this genus, bears much relation to the R. bufonia (Gmel.) Lam.,
but is clearly distinct. The spire is more obtuse, its tubercles
which are more elevated and pointed, are remarkable for their hor-
izontal compression, and for their frequent distortion ; its surface
is not pitted or punctured as in the R. bufonia, while the wrinkles
which cross the shell are much less developed and of quite a differ-
ent character from those of that species. The R. margaritala
Deshayes, also approaches our species in some respects, but differs
decidedly in the character of its tubercles, and in its surface which
is throughout finely granulated. It is moreover of a much darker
color.

168 Description of some New Species of Shells.

Cardium setosum. Plate XI. fig. 1, a. h. c. — My Cabinet. Cab-
inets of Dr. J. C. Jay, and C. M. Whcatley.

C. testa cordata, rotundato-ovata, tumida, subequilaterali, albido-
lutescente, umhonibus albidis ; costis quadraginta planulatis, se-
tigeris ; marginibus dentatis : intus Candida.

Shell cordate, nearly equilateral ; a little obliquely rounded
ovate, somewhat tumid ; anterior* side shortest, beaks prominent,
inflected and nearly in contact; in front of them is a rather narrow
ovate depression. On each valve are about 40 flattened radiating
ribs, which are twice as wide as the intervening furrows. The
edges of these ribs are very minutely denticulate, and in young in-
dividuals the denticulations of adjacent ribs approximate so closely
as to give the intervening furrow a punctate apjoearance; upon the
central line of each rib, there is a series of small semi-tubular
spines or scales, which when perfect terminate in blackish bristles ;
these are more strongly developed on the posterior margin than
elsewhere. The ribs which cross the anterior lunular depression
are not bristly, but tubercular. Color yellowish white, becoming
pure white towards the beaks ; the shell is covered with a thin ep-
idermis of dirty yellow, which becomes thicker and much wrinkled
inwards the margin, especially upon the posterior end, where its
color is nearly black. Interior pure white ; grooves answering to
the ribs without are faintly visible within, and the edges are strong-
ly notched : length, 2.7o inches, height. 2.75 inches, breadth, 2.1
inches.

Habitat, Seas of China.

Remarks. — This fine shell cannot be referred to any of the
species figured and described in Reeve's monograph of this genus,
whence I infer il to be Dew. The numberof its ribs, taken in con-
nection with their peculiarly bristly character, will distinguish it from
the C. asiatiewn, C. multispinosum, and other muricated Bpecie .

* I use the terms antt rior ai d posterior in the sense generally adopted by
modern aatho the reverse of that employed bj Lama

Description of new srEcres of Shells, by John C. Jay, JM. D.
Read February 1, 1S46.

BuLiMt's iNFUNDiBVLironMis. Plate X. fig-. 7, a. b.

Bui. testa conica, tenui, grisea, longitudinaliter striata, umbilico
magno, iufundibuliformi ; spini conica, elongata ; apice acuto ; an-
fractibus septem subplauis j BUtura profunda; apcrturo, ovuli, al-
bida ; labro acuto.

Shell conical, thin, gray, longitudinally striated, umbilicus very
large, and funnel-shaped ; spire conical and elongated ; apex acute ;
whorls seven and somewhat flattened, sutures profound ; aperture
oval, rather compressed, whitish ; lip acute : length, 1-2 inch,
breadth, 5-16 inch.

Habitat. Interior of Bolivia.

Conis Cailliaudii. Plate X. fig. 8, a. b.

Con. testa oblongo-turbinati, subfusiformi ; fused, filis tenuis-
simis cincta ; spira turrito-exserta ; apice valde elato ; labro tenui,
acuto, arcuato, juxta spirant emarginato ; apertura fauce fusca.

Shell oblong turbinated, somewhat fusiform, brown, encircled
with a number of very fine thread-like lines ; spire exserted in the
form of a turret, apex very elevated ; lip thin, sharp, arched, emar-
ginated next the spire, aperture brown with a white blotch: length,
1 5-S inch, breadth, 4-S inch.

Habitat?

The remarkable feature of this shell is the spirt", which is ex-
actly half its length, the whorls very prominent and nine in num-
ber.

I am indebted to Mons. F. Cailliaud of Nantes, for this rare
Cone, and have taken tho liberty to dedicate it to him.

170 Description of some New Species of Shells.

I embrace this opportunity to make several corrections in the
last Edition of the Catalogue of my Cabinet.

Plate I, fig. 1. Bulimus cinctus, Nobis, is Bulimus Favannii,
Lam. Delessert, plate 27, fig. 8.
Habitat, St. Augustine Bay, Madagascar.
" " fiS' %> 3. Turbo rotelliformis, nobis, is Trochiscus Nor-

risii, Sowerby Becchey Zool. plate 34, fig. 14.
" " fig. 4. Ampullaria Brownii, nobis, is A. crassa, Swains.

var.
" " fig. 5. Ampullaria Storeria, nobis, is A. naticoides, D'-

Orbigny.
" " fig. 6, 7. Helix Planorbis, nobis, is H. monilis, Brod,

Zool. P., 1832.
" " fig. 8, 9. Physa scalaris, nobis, see Haldeman's Mono-
graph, page 34, plate 4, fig. 9.
" " fig. 10, 11. Lymnea gracilis, nobis, see Hald. Mon. page
50, plate 13, fig. 21.
Plate 6, fig. 1. Bulimus ustulatus, nobis, is a variety of Bui.

chrysalidiformis, Sowb. Zool. Proc.
Plate 7, fig. 1. Paludina tristis, nobis, is P. olivacea, Sowb.
" " fig. 2, 3. Conus rhododendron, Couthouy, is Conus

Adamsoni, Gray.
" " fig. 4, 5. Cyclostoma cumingii, Sowb. is C. gigantea,
Sowb.
Plate 10, fig. 1, 2. Voluta armata? Lam. var. is V. Miltoni,
Gray.

ERRATA.

Through an oversight the following errata have occurred :
In page 1 1 2 to 15G, for Tab. I., read Tab. VII., for Tab. II..
read Tab. YTIL, and for Plato 111., read Plate IX., wherever oc-
curring.

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SOUTHERN

ICHTHYOLOGY

OR,

A DESCRIPTION OF THE FISHES

INHABITING THE WATERS

OF

SOUTH CAROLINA, GEORGIA AND FLORIDA.

BY JOHN EDWARDS H0LBR00K, M. D.,

Professor of Anatomy in the Medical College of the State of Soutli Carolina; Member of the Royal

Medical Society of Edinburg ; Corresponding Member of the Academy of Natural Sciences

of Philadelphia; of the Massachusetts Medical Society; of the American Academy

of Aits and Sciences, Ronton; of the New- York and Baltimore Lyceums

of Natural History, and of the Boston Natural History Society.

EACH NUMBER WILL CONTAIN FROM EIGHT TO TEN COLORED

ENGRAVINGS FROM ORIGINAL DRAWINGS,

BY J. II. RICHARD, Esq.

The Southern Ichthyology will be published in Philadelphia by J. II. Richard,
in quarto numbers, every two months, and will embrace full descriptions of the or-
iiation, habits, and loeahties of me Fishes inhabiting the waters of South Caro-
lina, ( reorgia and Florida.

Tl UIB — "" Ilar i" r ttumber. The work, it is expected, will be completed

in two or three years:

^^•sw^

M*B>

•mm'Ni

Tol. IV.

AUGUST, 1846.

Nos. 6, 7.

ANNALS

OF THE

LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

OF

-\

$fat»~$ork:

PUBLISHED FOR THE LYCEUM,

BY STANFORD AND SWORDS,

No. 139 BROADWAY.
1S4G.

!

Pbinted by John R.Ai'Gown, No. 128 Fulton-Stbeet, N. Y.

Description of a New Species op Anser, by George N.
Lawrence. Read March lGth, 184G.

ANSER NIGRICANS.

BLACK-BELLIED GOOSE.

Specific character. — A large white patch on the middle of
the neck in front, and extending on the sides; belly brownish
black ; bill higher than broad at the base.

Bill black, legs and toes black tinged with flesh color, iris dark
hazel; head black, tinged with brownish rufons adjoining the bill,
with a dirty white line under the eye; neck and fore part of the
breast black; a large white patch on the centre of the neck inter-
mixed with black, except at the lower part, where it forms a dis-
tinct band of pure white, it is nearly two inches in width, round-
ing on each side of the neck and almost meeting behind ; belly
brownish black, sides brownish ash margined with white ; back
dark brown, each feather margined with a lighter shade; rump-
feathers black ; axillars and lower wing-coverts greyish black ; t;
black, consisting of sixteen feather* ; upper and lower tail-covert.-
white ; wings black, extending half an inch beyond the tail; sec-
ond primary one line longer than the first ; third half an inch
shorter ; vent while.

Length 22£ inches; alar extent 44; bill a little higher than
broad, measures along the ridge 1 T } F inches; from '_ r ;ip lg;
lower mandible li ; tarsus 2 • : middle toe 2; outer l\; inner \l :
weight 3 pom.

I have taken the above description and figure from an adnlt
female procured at E?g Harbor, N. X, in January. Since then
two others have been obtained ;it the s^me place, one of which I
have in my possession. On dissection it proves to be a male. It
agrees in markings with the female, but is evidently a younger

172 New Species of Anscr.

bird, being somewhat lighter in the color of its plumage. From

*his I infer they become darker by age. It is a little larger than

*.he female, the bill being also stouter, measuring I in. high at the

base. When on a shooting excursion some years since, at Egg

Harbor, I noticed a bird flying at some distance from us, which

our gunner said was a Black Brant. This was the first intimation

I had of such a bird. Upon further inquiry of him, he informed

me he had seen them occasionally, but they were not common. I

bave learned from Mr. Philip Brasher, who has passed much time

it that place, that speaking to the gunners about them, they said

hey were well known there by the name of Black Brant, and one

)f them mentioned that he once saw a flock of five or six together.

From these facts it appears to be known to gunners, but has

retofore escaped the notice of ornithologists. With all my in-

juiries I have not been able to procure any before this winter. T

think it a good and well-marked species.

A Descriptive Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleop-
tera inhabiting the United States east of the Rochj Moun-
tains. By John L. Le Conte. Read May 25, 184G.

The great number of works necessary in prosecuting even the
most simple inquiry in natural history, is often felt to be a very
serious inconvenience. Many, no doubt, are deterred from entering
upon the study of certain departments of science by the utter im-
possibility of ever acquiring even a moderate knowledge of the
proposed subject, without the aid of a voluminous and expensive
library. Tins inconvenience is most sensibly felt by the student
who turns his attention to the insects of the United States : so scat-
tered, indeed, are the descriptions to be examined, that there is
scarcely a scientific society in Europe, whose transactions do not
contain some of our native species. It is to be regretted that col-
lectors have fallen into the practice of distributing large numbers
of apparently the same species, without first submitting them to
close inspection. So nearly allied are many species, in every part
of the globe, that even with the most accurate descriptions, it re-
quires much labor to identify them. An example of this may be
found in the genus Brachinus, of which this synopsis contains a
monograph. The characters are quite evident on comparing the
species together, but being mostly dependent on minute differ-
ences in form, can scarcely be exprossed in a description. It has
been my custom, in such cases, to lay particular stress on these
slight differences, by making the description in some degree com-
parative. A reference from one species to another is, I am aware,
not looked upon with a favorable eye, as it presupposes that the
collection of the student is at least tolerably extensive ; for the
most nearly allied S2>ecies are frequently inhabitants of very different
regions. Still there are cases in which it was considered advis-
able to make such a reference, in order to avoid an absolute de-
scription, which would be so long and tedious as to he nearly use-
less. Hoping that some more attentive and industrious observer
may have better success in seizing on the specific characters of

174 Catalogue of the Gcodepliagous Colcoptera.

our Brachini, and in determining which forms are really distinct,
and which are varieties, I shall remain content with having pointed
out, in an exceedingly imperfect manner, those which appeared to
me to be at least as deserving of distinct names, as those described
by preceding authors. It is possible that farther observation may
tend to diminish this overgrown genus, by showing that the species
are subject to certain variations in form, such as is pointed out
under the genus Galerita. The relation between the latter and
Brachinus appears not to be sufficiently insisted on by authors ;
and I imagine that the similarity of appearance produced by form
and color will be found connected with a very near agreement of
structure. In the cabinet of Dr. Zimmermann, of South Carolina,
there is a species of Galerita which possessed the power of excret-
ing a highly volatile and acrid fluid in the same manner as a Bra-
chinus.

It has been a natural consequence of the exceedingly discursive
manner in which our native species have been published, that
many, which were described years ago, have lately made their ap-
pearance under new names. The following catalogue is intended
to remedy in part this difficulty, although, from the limited num-
ber of works which have been accessible to the author, it is not,
perhaps, as complete as it might have been. Still, however, in the
synonymy contained in it, there are points of interest, and to render
it eventually a complete synopsis of the Adephaga of our republic,
the author would invite the co-operation of other entomologists,
who no doubt have it in their power greatly to extend and improve
the present attempt. Thus far, all the species mentioned are in
the possession of the author, who will gladly avail himself of any
opportunity of referring to, or describing any species which has
not as yet fallen under bis notice.

The writer, feeling that the distinguished liberality manifested
towards him by Messrs. Mei sheimer, D. Zieoler, and S. S.Hal-
DEMAN, calls for something more than a verbal acknowledgement,
takes the present opportunity of returning thanks for the prompti-
tude with which they have In every instance sacrificed even unique
specimens, which were wanting to complete his cabinet.

GEODEPHAGA, MacLeay.

Fam. 1. CICINDELID.E. Leach.

MEGACEPHALA. Latreille.

1 Carolina. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. Habitat in provinciis aus-

tralibus.
2. Virginica. Fabr. ibid. Habitat cum priore, et ad fluraen

Arkansas prope montes.

CICINDELA. Linne.

1. linipunctata. Fabr. Syst. Eleutb; Say Trans. Am-

Phil. Soc. N. S., vol. I, pi. xiii.
« immaculata. Habitat in provinciis australibus, et occi-
dentalibus.

2. p u 1 C h r a . Say Journal Ac. Nat. Sc. of Philad., Vol. III.

Tab. XIII. fig. 1.
a. macula humerali obsoleta.

/3 Elytris immaculatis. Habitat prope fluvii Arkansas sca-
turigines.

S. modesta.

A viridis maculis albis. C. r U g i f I* O n S Dej. Sp. Gen.

denticulata. Hentz. Trans.
Am. Phil. Soc. N. S., Vol. Ill, pi. ii.
x Elytris macula superiore obsoleta.
/S Elytris concoloribus. C. Ullicolor Dej. Sp. Gen.
B Niger, maculis albis. C. obscura SayTrans.Am.Phil.

Soc. loc. cit.

modesta Pal. De Beauv-
Dej. Sp. Gen.

176 Catalogue of the GeodepJiagous Coleoptera.

« et /3 ut supra. Habitat in locis varus in provinciis orien-
talibus, mediis et australibus.

4. SCUtellaris. Say Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Philad., Vol. III.

Tab. XIII. fig. 2.
a. macula media margin ali lunulaque terminali albis. Hab-
itat ad furcationem fluminis Platte.

5. SOX -guttata. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth: Say Trans. Am. Phil

Soc. N. S., Vol. I. pi. xiii.
« maculis duabus mediis elytralibus connexis fasciam flex-

uosam formantibus.
/3 maculis duabus mediis distinctis.
y macula media interiore obsoleta.
i immaculata. a. viridis.

b. ccerulea. C. violacca- Fabr. Syst.

Eleuth. Habitat in provinciis omnibus communius.
G. splcndida. Hentz. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S., Vol. Ill

pi. ii.
« maculis albis nullis. Habitat in provincis australibus.

7. Alldubonii. Le Contc, Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. Vol.
V., pi. xviii.
Species haecce a C. purpureae varietate viridi facile dignosci-
tur, labro breviore, antice quadrato : thorace angustiore, paulo
convexiorc lateribus magis rotundatis posticc minus retractis :
margine elytrorum reflexo angustiore, humeris minus rotunda-
tis, fasciaque flexuosa breviore. Mas saepissime niger, fcemina
raiius nigra, et plerumque viridis.

In exemplis nigris, palpi, antenna?, pedes et abdomen nigra sunt.
Habitat ad flumina Platte, et Yellowstone
S. purpurea. Oliv. Ins: Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. loc.
cit. sup.
mar ginallS . Fabr. Syst Eleuth. Habitat ubique.

Hanc speciem margo extimus elytralis, semper cuprascens dig-
QOBClt. Elytrorum color a cupreo ad viridem transit : fascia
media Bexuosa BBape obsoleta est, Kemj)er vestigia tamen man
ent, semperque obliqua sunt.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. Ill

9. limbalis. Klug. Jahrbikher der Entomologie. Erster

Band.

Variat purpurea vel cuprea ; macula quoque saepe fere obsole-
ta; thorax quam in praecedente paulo convexior; margo elytro-
rum extimus reflexus, capitis pars postica, thoracisque depressa,
semper coeruleo-virides . fascia flexuosa media exterius semper
marginem perpendiculariter ferit.

Habitat in Orange Co., Novi Eboraci.

10. *aiflOena. Tab. XIII. fig. 3. Cuprea; thorace anticc etpos-

ticc, elytrorumque margine viridi : elytris macula hu-
mer -ali lateralique ad quadrantcm, fascia media subfiex-
uosa, et lunula apicali albis. Exemplum unicum
prope provincial Missouri terminum occidentalem
inventum.

Palpi nigri: caput et thorax aureo-cuprea : labrum breve,
tridentatum, album ; thorax antice quam in praecedentibus dua-
bus minus dilatatus, lateribus minus rotundatus, partibus de-
pressis aureo-viridibus. Scutellum aureo-viride. Elytra magis
parallela, cuprea ; sutura et margine viridibus ; vitta ejusdum
coloris marginem adjungit, sicut in praecedentibus ; macula par-
va humerali, secunda marginali inter humerum et fasciam me-
diam perpendiculariter orientem, minus quam in C. limbali fiex-
uosam; lunulaque terminali margine viridi divisa, albis. Sub-
tus viridis, pilis sparsis albis: pedes viridi-aurei.

11.* spreta. Obscure nigro-amea subviridescens, thorace lateribus
vix rotundato, postice leviter retracto ; elytris minus
convcxis subparallclis, viridi-marginatis, gutta ad
quadrantem, fascia media angulato-flexuosa, lunula-
que terminali intcrrupta ochroleucis, subtus riridi-
cenea. Habitat ad Eastport, in provincia Maine;
museo Dom. Harris. Tab. XIII. fig. 7.
Obscure nigro-amea, subviridescens, subtus viridi-aenea. An-
tenna et palpi nigri. Mandibular nigrae macula basali albida.
Labrum omnino sicut in C. purpurea. Caput ad latera rugose

178 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

striatum, medio et postice subtiliter granulatum, antice obso-
lete transverse rugosum. Thorax latitudine summa non bre-
vior, antice et postice truncatus, lateribus vix rotund atus, pos-
tice leviter retractus, basi coleopteris vix duplo angustior, antice
et postice profunde transverse impressus, linea longitudinali
tenui, disco modice convexus, subtiliter granulatus. Elytra
tborace fere sesqui latiora subparallela humeris leviter obtusis,
minus rotundatis ; minus convexa; margine lato, coeruleo-viridi
obscuro, margineque tenuissimo reflexo, obscure viridi-aureo ;
gutta parva rotundata submarginali ad quadrantem ; fascia me-
dia perpendiculariter oriente, dein obtuse angulata, incurvata-
que; lunulaque apicali margine viridi divisa, guttam rotundatam
maculamque terminalem formante, ocliroleucis.

Ons. — Prseccdentibus quatuor similis. A C. Audubonii, tho-
race minus convexo, labro longiore, fasciaque elytrali perpen-
diculariter oriente distincta. A C. purpurea et limbali, tborace
angustiore, postice multo minus retracto dignoscitur.

12. patrucla. Dej. Sp. Gen. Gould. Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist.

Vol. 1, pi. iii.
a. Olivacea, maculis solitis.
|S Obscure nigra, maculis solitis. C. COIlSentanCd.

Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat apud montes provinciarum
orientalium, et mediarum.

13. longilabris. Say. Long's Exped. to the Sources of the

St. Peter's River, Vol. II.
albilobriS' Kirby- Richardson. Fauna Bor. Americana.,
Vol. IV. pi. I. Variat obscure asnea; maculis sacpe
obsoletis. Habitat Mackinaw insulam, et ad Lacum
Superiorem.

14. obsolcta. Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Philad. Vol. III.

Tab. XIII, fig. 4.

a, Gutta alba elytrali obsolcta.

/9 Seiiceo-viridis ; immaculata. Habitat prope (lumen Ar-
kansas, ad montes : /3. 1 millia passuum infra Bent's
Fort inventa.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 179

15. Vulgaris. Say. Trans. Am. Phil.Soc.N. S.Vol. I. pi. xiii.
obliquata. Dej. Sp. Gen.

a Maculis obsoletis. Habitat ad flumen Ohio.

/3 Viridis, maculis solitis. Habitat in territorio Oregonensi.
Species haecce ubique communius invenitur. 111. Dom. Kirby
(Richardson Fauna Bor. Am.) C. obliquatam (Dej.) et C. vul-
garem (Sayi) pro diversis habet : sed characteres datag obscu-
rae, et variabiles videntur.

16. fulgida. Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Soc. of Philad., Vol. III.

Tab. XIII, fig. 5.
Habitat prope Platte, supra fui cationem.

17. * veniista. Tab. XIII, fig. 6. Rubro-cuprea, thorace fulgi-

do ; ehjtris margin?, lunula humerali obli qua, fascia
refracta media, lunulaque tcrminali late albis. Ha-
bitat apud flumen Platte.
Supra rubro-cuprea, thorace fulgidiore, impressionibus viridi
micantibus, subtus viridi-cyanea, hirsuta. Palpi virides. Man-
dibular nigrae, macula magna basali alba. Labrum magnum
porrectum, antice exterius sinuatum, album, dentibus tribus mi-
nutis medianis. Caput viridi et cupreo-micans : thorax lateri-
bus paulo rotundatus, impressionibus transversis profundis, linea
longitudinali tenui. Elytra subparallela, margine laterali, lunula
humerali obliqua, exadversum fasciam mediam refractum latam
desinente ; fascia ad extremitatem dilatata est, et exadversum
lunulam apicalem desinit ; omnibus late albis. Epipleura viri-
des ; elytrorum apex serrata.

Species haecce a C. formosa (Sayi,) valde referente, facile dig-
noscitur ; labro majore; thorace paulo angustiore; lunula hu-
merali longiore obliqua, fasciaque media subito refracta, angu-
lum fere rectum formante ; elytris quoque apice serratis.

18. generosa. Dej. Sp. Gen.; Gould. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist.

Vol. II. pi. iii.
Fascia media in hac specie, refracta, sed quam in praece-
dente brevior ; lunula humeralis brevis est; et elytra apice

180 Catalogue of the Gerdcphagous Coleoptera.

simplicia : colore obscuro semper gaudet. Habitat in locis
diversis provinciarum mediarum : exempla pauca prope
fluminis Mississippi scaturigines inveni.

19. formosa. Say. Am. Entomology. Vol. I. pi. 18 et loc.

cit. sup.
Variat rubro-cuprea vel purpurea ; lunula humeralis val-
de abbreviata, et non obliqua ; fascia media flexuosa, non
refracta : errore 111. Com. Dejean elytra apice serrata
dicit. Habitat prope flumina Platte, et Arkansas.

20. repanda. Dej. Sp. Gen.

llirticollis. Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Soc. of Philad. Vol. I :
Gould, loc. cit. sup. Species haecce ubique redundat.

31. hirticollis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S. Vol. I. pi.
13.

albohirta. Dej. Sp. Gen: Gould Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist.

Vol. II. pi. iii.

In locis maritimis arenosis omnibus ; prope lacus Ontario

et Superiorem habitat ; ad flumina Platte et Arkansas

prope montes rarius invenitur. Ad infinitum variat, macu-

lis turn obsoletis, turn conspicuis.

22. variegata. Dej. Sp. Gen.
mar gin at at Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.
marginata. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S. Vol. I. pi.

xiii.
Habitat in locis diversis ad maris oras.

23. bland a. Dej. Sp. Gen.

a. Dejeanio descripta : elytris fusco-olivaceis, maculis solitis
angustis. Habitat ad flumina Connecticut, Roanoke,
et St. Croix, in territorio Wisconsin.

/3 Elytris cupreo-fulgidis, maculis latioribus. Flumen Ar-
kansas prope montes.

7 Fusca : maculis latissimis ita ut elytra alba videntur,
lineis paucis fuscis notata. Ad fluvium Canootchee,

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 181

Georgiae. Elytra in fceminis apice profunde sinuata,
fere dentata.

24. dorsalis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S. Vol. I. pi. xiii.
signata. Dej. Sp. Gen.

» Elytra immaculata.

Habitat ad maris oras : nomen C. dorsalis. ab 111. DD.
Klug etDejean speciei alterae impositum, praeoccupatum et
ideo mutandum est.

25. lepida. Dej. Sp. Gen.

Tab. XIII. fig. 8.
Habitat prope urbem Trenton Novae Caesareae ; et ad
maris oras insulae Longae Noveboraci. Elytra fceminarum
profunde sinuata.

26. *nigrocoerulea. Tab. XIV, fig. 9. Nigro-subpurpurea :

thorace crassiusculo, subrotundato ; elytris linea im-

pressionum coerulearum juxta suturam. Habitat ad

flumen Arkansas.

Nigra, obscura ; subpurpureo-micans. Labrum album, breve,

antice quadratum, medio paulo porrectum, dentibus tribus minu-

tis indistinctis : mandibular nigraa macula basali alba : palpi

uigro-viridescentes. Caput minute granulatum, rugis paucis

prope oculos minus protrusos. Thorax latitudine caput aequans ;

convexior, lateribus rotundatis, laevis, rugulis paucis indistinctis

versus medium : impressionibus transversis bene notatis, linea

longitudinali angusta. Elytra sericeo-micantia, punctata: par-

tibus prope scutellum elevatis, laevibus, tborace quadrante lati-

ora ; elongatiora, postice, regulariter rotundata ; impressionibus

nonnullis parum profundis ; lineaque punctorum variolosorum

cceruleorum prope suturam sicut in C. punctulata.

27. duodecim-guttata. Dej. Sp. Gen.

proteilS. Kirby Richardson's Faun. Bor. Am. Vol. IV. pl.l.
In provinciis Atlanticis, ad Mississippi scaturigines, et prope
Rocky Mts. habitat.

28. trifasciata. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

182 Catalogue of the GeodepJiagous Goleoptcra.

tortuosa. Dej. Sp. Gen.

Tab. XIV, fig. 10.
Habitat in provinciis australibus in orizaceis.

29. pilllCtulata. Fabr. Syst. Eleutb : Say. Trans. Am. Phil.

Soc. N. S. Vol. I. pi. xiii.
* nigra, maculis plus minusve conspicuis. Habitat ubique.
/3 major, sericco-viridis. C.tnicanS. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

Habitat prope Rocky Mts.

30. Hentzii. Dej. Sp. Gen.
haemorrlioidalis. Hentz. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.N. S.

Vol. III. pi. ii : Gould, Post. Journ. Nat. Hist. Vol.
II. pi. iii.
Habitat prope Boston, provinciae Massachusetts. Nomen
luemorrhoidalis ante annum 1S25, Wiedemanno speciei al-
terae datum : Dejeanianum idco retinendum est.

31. marginipennis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

Tab. XIV, fig. 11.
Species hnec pulchra prope urbem Harrisburg, Pennsylvania?,
mensibus Julio et Augusto, ad fluminis ripas inventa.

32. * cine tipennis . Tab. XI V, fig. 12.' Nigra, vel obscure

olivacca : thorace latiore ; elytris marginc lato, 2>os-
tice subdilatato, ramo humerali, fasciaquc media in-
fra truth ntc tenuibus, albis, subtvs nigra, vel viridis.
Habitat apud Rocky Mountains.
Sub-cylindrica, nigra, vel obscure olivacca, subtus viridis. La-
7>rum album, longitudine plus duplo latior, dentibus tribus parvis
antice instruct um ; angulis anticis rcctis : palpt pallidi, articulo
ultimo nigro : antennae aeratse. Thorax latiusculus, lateribus
rotundatus; impressionibus transversis distinctis, partibus vicinis
(lcpressis : subtiliter granulatus •: lateribus albo-pilosis. Elytra
apice spina minutissima instructs punctis parvis variolosfe ad-
Bpersa (in varietate olivacca coM-ulco-micantibus) : parallela,
subelongata, thorace paulo latiora; margine toto lato poBtice
aubdilatato albo, ramo oblicjuo descendente, altcroquc medio, i|iii

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 183

subito inflexus oblique deorsum tendit, et ad dodrantem desinit,
tenuibus. Pedes virides, epiplcuraz brunneae margine extimo viri-
di, postice abbreviate In varietate nigra, ubi color viridis est,
niger evadit : in aliis margo albus subinterruptus est.

33. piisilla. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S. Vol. I, pi. xiii.

cc macula humeralis cessat.
/3 macula media deest.

y immaculata. Habitat ad flumen Platte, supra furcatio-
nem.

34. abdominal is. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

Tab. XIV, fig. 13.
Habitat in pinetis, locis arenosis nigris.

35. * C e 1 e r i p e S . Tab. XIV, fig. 14. Nigro-suhnea, sub-apte-

ra : capite magno, oculis valdc exstantibus ; thorace
angusto, cylindrico ; elytris subpilosis, margine pos-
tico interrupto, guttisque duabus parvis albis : sutu-
ra acuminata. Habitat ad fluminis Kansas Republi-
can Fork.
Niarro-cenea obscura, alis rudimentalibus : antennce elongatae :
palpi pallidi, articulo ultimo viridi-aureo, labrum album mag-
num, convexum, utrinque antice oblique decisum dein perpen-
diculare : dentibus tribus minutissimis : caput magnum, medio
levissime granulatum ad latera rugose striatum, oculis valde ex-
stantibus. Thorax subcylindricus, elongatus, antice paulo latior.
impressionibus transversis distinctis, linea longitudinali nulla ;
rugosus, ad latera subpilosus, maculis duabus oblongis, granulo-
sis, obscurioribus. Elytra basi angusta, ad dodrantem ampliata,
dein rotundata, (sutura valde producta, acuminata); crebre punc-
tata, pilis albis sparsis ; subsenea, obscuro-variegata, gutta parva
ad quadramem, altera paulo pone medium, prope suturain, mar-
gineque postico, ad dodrantem interrupto, albis. Subtus viridiB
pectus dense albopilosum, pedes elongati, cuprascentes.

184 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcoptera.

SPECIES SEQIENTES IN Ml SEO NOSTRO DESUNT.

Ambly cheila, Say.cylindriformis. Say. Joum. Ac.

Ow f/S, Esch. Nat. Sc. Vol. III. Habitat ad Rocky

Mountains basin.

Cicindela decemnotata. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

N. S. Vol. I ; Am. Ent. Vol. I, pi.
18, icon nequam. Habitat ad ripas
fluminis Missouri.

limbata. Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc, Vol. III.
Habitat ad flumcn Platte.

Saillcyi. Guer. Revue Zool. Oct. 1S40. Hab-
itat Floridam.

Vemista. Ferte" ibid. 1841, p. 37.

gratiosa. Guer. ibid. Habitat cum priore.

terricola. Say. Long's Expetl. to the Sources
of the St. Peter's River, Vol. II.
Habitat in territorio Caurino.

rilfiventris. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ad
monies in provinciis australibus.

C i r C U 111 p i C t a . Ferte Rev. Zool. 1841. Ha-
bitat in Texas.

t Ogata. Ferte ibid. Habitat in Texas.

SGVCra. Ferte ibid. Habitat in Texas.

Fa>i. II. CARABINE. Loach.

Sub. Fain J. — Brachinides. — Westwood.
Brachinidee. — Mel <eay.
Truncafipennes.—LtB.t.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 185

CASNONIA. Latreille.
1. pennsylvailica. Linne, (Attelabus). Habitat ubique.

LEPTOTRACHELUS. Lat.

SPHERACRA. Say.
1. dorsalis. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. Habitat in Georgia, et Mis-
souri rarius, et NovEboraco rarissime.

GALERITA. Fabr.

1. janus. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

cyanipennis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

* bicolor. Drmry. =americ ana. Dej. Sp. Gen.

/3 COrdicollis. Chaudoir. Bull, de la Soc. Imp. des

Nat. Moscou.
7 longicollis. ibid.
^ dubia. LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phil. Vol.

I. Habitat ubique. a et y in prov. mediis, reliqui

in australibus.

2. Lecontei. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in prov. australibus.

Num haec insecta, quae pro varietatibus habeo, revera species
distinctae sint, dubitandum est. E thoracis forma, et striarum
elytralium punctatione characteres deducuntur: G. LeContei ta-
men in thoracis forma aeque variat. Ex examinatione assidua
speciminum fere centum, in turmas duas distribuantur : turma
prima pro typo G. Janum habet, formas novem complectit ;
thoracis forma, extremitate haec G. longicollis (Chaudoir) ilia
vera G. cordicollis (ejusdem) disposita: elytrorum tamen punc-
tatione, G. bicolor (Drury,) et G. dubia (LeC.) situs congruentes
occupant. Quicquid in rebus hisce dubium, collectione aucta
determinare spero.

Turma secunda pro typo G. Lecontei habens formas quatuor
distinctas a thorace deductas includit. Character distinctus qui
ab omnibus aliis hanc speciem segregat, e pilorum in elytra posi-
tione oritur : cum insectum in positione quadam tenetur, spa-

186 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Colcoptera.

tium triangulare obscurum in disci medio apparet, dum pars
reliqua lucem reflectit.

DIAPHORUS. • Dej.
1. Lecoiltei. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in prov. australibus raris-
sime.

CYMINDIS. Lat.

TARUS. Ciair.

§ 1. Tarsorum anticorum articulus penultimus bifidus.

1. laticollis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. IV.

Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.

2. cribricollis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

mCLT S%n <lt US. Kirby-Richaxdson. Fauna Boreali Am.
a. Brunnea, macula humerali brunneo-testacea. Habitat
cum priore.

3. VCliator. Dej. Habitat NovEboraci, rarius.

4. aniCl'icana. Dej. Habitat NovEboraci.

5. pilosa. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. N. S. Vol. II.
j) ubc scens. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique.

a. violaceo micante.
/3 testacea,

6. * c I <• ii ;i ii s. Brunneo-picea, elytrorum margine, antennis pecU*

busque pallidioribus : thorace sparse punctato, corda-
te, convexo : elytris striatopunctatis, interstitiis serie
punctorwn. Long.'41 unc lat. "15 unc. Habitat in
provinciis australibus.
Brunneo-picea, nitida : antenna el palpi brunnei i caput inter
oculos Bparse punctatum. Thorax latitudine longitudinera
eequante, convexus, Bubcordatus, antice profunda emarginatus,
angulis anticia valde rotundatis ; lateribus rotundatis, basi retrac-
tis, angulis posticis obtusis, elevatis, dente parvo obtuse bn

■ icti •: basi incurvo : margine tenui reflexo, prope

Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera. 187

angulos posticos paulo latiore; impressionibus transversis satis
distinctis, linea longitudinali tcnui : sparse punctatus, grossius
ad latera. Elytra brunneo-marginata, margine ad bumerum
indistincte dilatato ; convexiuscula, basi angusliuscula, humeris
valde rotundatis, minime exstantibus, usque ad dimidium levi-
ter ampliata, apice rotuodata, levissimc sinuata, vix truncata :
striata, striis puuctatis ; interstitiis planis, scrie punctorum no-
tatis. Subtus et pedes brunuei. Tboracis forma priorem refert.

7. lieglecta. Punctata, obscure Jerruginea, pubesccns, cap'i!<

thoraceque n'igro-piccis, elytris grossc crenato-striatis,
pedibus fcrrugincis. Long. "3 unc. lat. '11 unc. Ha-
bitat in Pennsylvania, a Dom. Ziegler benevolo data.
C. nefjlecta. Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I.
C. unicolor? Kirby-Richardson F. Bor. Am. Vo
IV.
Habitus C. pilosae, at duplo minor, obscure ferruginea, sparse
pubescens. Caput majusculum nigro-piceum, ore, antennis, pal-
pisque ferrugineis ; antice fere lasve, postice sparse punctatum ;
oculis parvis valde exstantibus. Thorax nigro-piceus, capite
non longior, et vix latior, leviter cordatus, antice fere truncatus.
basi leviter rotundato, utrinque valde obliquo, lateribus prope
basin recurvis, margine angusto reflexo, angulis posticis valde
obtusis, apice non rotundatis ; disco modice convexus, sparse
grosse punctatus ; linea longitudinali profundissima, utrinque
paulo abbreviata, impressionibus transversis indistinctis. Ely-
tra tborace paulo latiora, latitudine duplo longiora, fere paral-
lela, apice rotundato-truncata ; anguste striata, striis externe
grosse ci-enato-punctatis, postice levioribus, intorstitiis punctia
minutis subseriatim positia ; pedes ferruginei.

§ 2. Articulus penultimus tarsormn omnium bifidus.

8. lucid 111 a. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in < reorgia, Pennsylva-

nia, et NovEboraco ratissime j macula liumerali ob-
scure testacea in specimina duomibi visa, sed in de-
scriptione Dejeaniana non apparet.

1S^ Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera.

9, * a 111 O O II a . Carulco-riridis, nitevs ; tlwracc basi punctato ;

elytris prqfunde Btriato-punctatis. Long. -375 lat.

•185. Habitat ad Long's Peak, Rocky Mountains.
Cceruleo-viridis, metallico-nitens ; antennas nigra?, articulis tri-
bufl primia subtus macula parva ferruginea: caput ad latera
leviter rugosum ct punctatum, impressionibus frontalibus obliquis
brevibus latis. Thorax latitudine longitudinem excedente, con-
vexus, subcordatus, lateribus rotundatus, basi retractus, mar-
gine tenui rcflexo postice latiore, angulis posticis leviter elevatis,
obtusis ; basi ad latera oblique truncato ; impressionibus trans-
versis, et linea longitudinali profundis; rugulis transversis, disco
obsoletis, obtectus ; antice punctis paucis ; basi punctatus. Ely-
tra subconvexa, subparallela, humeris rotundatis, apice recte
truncata ; striata, striis profundis, punctatis, interstitiis convcxis
punctis parvis sparsis. Pedes nigri.

10. • viri d ic Oil i S. Ccertileo-viridis; capitc et thoracc viridi-

cencis, hoc basi punctato ; elytris levissime striata, ob-
solete punctatis. Long. '305 unc. lat. *13 unc. Ha-
bitat cum prio-re.
Priorem rcfert. Coerulco-viridis : caput viridi-aureum, ad late-
ra rufosum et punctatum, impressionibus frontalibus longioribus
acutioribus ; antenna- nigra 1 , articulis tribus ]>rimis ferrugineia
apice ni'_rris. Thorax fere ut. in priore, minus tamen convexus,
angulis posticis magis exstantibus ; rugulis obtectus, ad latera
valde ru^nsus. Elytra antice aiigustiuscula, lmmeria valde ro-
tundatis, uaque ad medium leviter ampliata, apice recte trunca-
ta; icnuissime striata, striis levissime punctatis ; interstitiis pla-
ins, punctis paucis obsoletis, ad latera distinctiuiilms. Pedes
nigri. C. viridi (Dcj.) ailinis.
11. purpurea. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. I'necedentca
duas valde rcfert. Bed purpurea, et valde depressior :
thorax ad basin minus retractus, angulis valde obtu-
sis, impressione basali prolundiorc, viridi-micante,

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 189

Elytra minus punctata sub-parallela, striato-punctata,
interstitiis omnino planis, obsoletissime punctatis :
antenna nigrae, articulis tribus primis ferrugineis :
pedes nigro-caerulei. Habitat cum priore.

12. S i 11 11 a t a . Say. Trans Am. Phil. Soc.

pus till at a. Dg]. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis mediis.

13. 11 111 bat a. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis australibus.

a macula humerali cessante.

14. IUSCata. Dej. Sp. Gen. Priorem refert ; thorace tamen

longiore basi angustiore, lateribus minus late de-
presso, angulis posticis minus obtusis, linea longitu*
dinali leviox-e, antice abbreviata. Habitat in provin-
ciis australibus.

15. platicollis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (Lebia.)
C O Uip I an at a. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique.

a, Thorace ferrmrineo fusco.

§ 3. Tarsis omnibus filiformibus,

16. piCeilS. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Dromius). Habitat in provinciis

borealibus, et ad lacum Superiorem. Palporum ar-
ticulus ultimus maribus incrassatus, et securiformis
cum Cymindi convenit. Habitu omnino Dromio
dissimilis.

CALLEIDA. Dej.

1. viridipelinis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (Cymindis.)

m ar gin at a. Dej. Sp." Gen.

pr as in a. Mels. Cat. Habitat in provinciis australibus.

2. fill g i (1 a. Dej. Habitat in prov. australibus.

3. decora. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. Habitat etiam in provinciis

australibus.

4. punctata. Elongata, viridis; capite nigro, thorace,

pectoribus , et pedlbus ri{fis, genubus nigris : clytris

190 Catalogue of the Gcodcpliagous Colcoplcra.

profunde striato-punctatis, intcrstitiis sub-convcxis.
Long. - 28 lat. -09. Habitat ad flumen Kansas.
C. decoram valde refert. Minor, angustior, oculis vix promi-
nentibus ; ante/nice basi ferruginese. Thorax angustior, multo
convexior, lateribus tenuissime marginatus ; imprcssione trans-
versa anteriore minus profunda, scd ijiulto magis punctata. Ely-
tra convexiora, basi angustiora, usque ad dodrantem leviter sin-
uato-ampliata, profunde striato-punctata, intcrstitiis satis convex-
is, punctis parvis sparsis, tertio punctis quatuor majoribus. Suh-
tus sicut in C. decora.
5. S 111 a r a g d i 11 a . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis aus-
tralibus.

AXINOPALPUS. gen. now
Corpus depressum, subelongatum.
Thorax latus, subdepressus, postice leviter retractus.
Palpi maxillares elongatiusculi, tonnes, articulo penultimo obco-

nico ; ultimo dimidio longiore, versus apiccm des-

crescente, apicc paulo depresso, fere acuto.

labiales inflati, crassi, articulo ultimo magno, obconi-

co, subsecuriformi.
Antknxx articulo tertio quarto oequante ; compressa?, articulis

arete connexis ; versus apicem levissime incrassata?.

Ceteris genus hocce Dromium refert.

J. biplagiatllS. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Dromius.) Habitat in pro-
vinciis mediis, et ad Rocky Mountains.

DROMIUS. Bonclli.

1. 8 lib S U 1 C a t U S . Dej. Sp. ( ; en. Habitat NovEboraci.

2. COrdicollis. Nigro-suba new, ikorace valde cordato, tly-

ir'is subsulcdtis, interstitio tertio punctis duobus.
Long. -17, lat. "065. Habitat NnvEboraci ; a Dom.
Jac. Thomson benevole datus.
D. Bubsulcatutn valde refert: paulo major; caput idem

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 191

Thorax antice latior, paulo minus convexus, postice multo magis
retractus, cordiformis : linea longitudinali profundioi'e, integra :
impressione transversa anteriore profunda, angulata ; posteriore
sicut in D. subsulcato satis distincta. Elytra profunde striato-
sulcata, striis quam in D. subsulcato paulo latioribus ; intersti-
tiis angustis, valde convexis, tertio punctis duobus.
}. 1 a t e 11 S . Niger : elytris subceneis, obsolete sulcatis. Long.
•125, lat. - 055. Habitat ad Mississippi scaturigines.
D. subsulcatum refert. Sed caput et thorax omnino niger ;
elytra subaenea, rubro-irrorata. Impressionibus frontalibus bre-
vioiibus, profundioribus : thorax latior, multo minus convexus,
postice minus retractus : impressionibus transversis distinctis,
linea longitudinali medio profunda, utrinque paulo abbreviata.
Elytra minus profunde striata, striis fere indistinctis.
. americanus. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat NovEboraci, et

ad Lacum Superiorem.
. * angUStUS. Niger, nitidus, elongatus, thoracc lato, sub-
quadrato, postice angustiore, elytris parallelis, obsole-
tissime striatis ; abdomine longiore. Long. "135, lat.
•015. Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.
D. americanum refert, sed multo loncnor et an<mstior. Niger
nitidus, elongatus : caput impressionibus obsoletis. Thorax sub-
quadratus, postice angustior, lateribus antice valde rotundatis,
quam in D. americano paulo convexior et laevior : impressioni-
bus transversis vix distinctis, linea longitudinali levissime im-
pressa, utrinque abbreviata : angulis posticis obtusioribus, fove-
aque basali quam in D. americano profundiore. Elytra paral-
lela, levissime striata, striis antice omnino obliteratis : abdomen
quam in speciebus alteris longius.

PLOCHIONUS. Dej.
t i m i (1 U S . Haldeman. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phila.
Vol. I. Habitat in provinciis anstralibus.

192 Catalogue of the Geodcp7iagoi/s Coleoptera.

2. 3 HI aildllS. Newman. Ent. Mag. Vol. V.

var. vitatUS. LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. Ha-
bitat in Floiida.

3. B O nf i Is i i . Dej. Sp. Gen. Hope Col. Man. Vol. II. pi. 1.

Habitat in Pennsylvania rarissime, a Dom. Ziegler
datus. A. Plocb. timido differt thorace breviore, an-
tice minus angnstato scd magis rotundato, elytris
angustioribus, fere parallelis, postice vix dilatatis.
paulo minus tnmcatis, colore necnon pallide ferru-
gineo, (nam P. timidus nigro-piceus est).

LEBIA. Latreille.

§ 1 . Thorace latitudine brevior, postice non retractus vel vix
retractus, margine lato depresso.

1. * C O 11 C i II 11 cl . Rufa, punctata ; elytris cyancis, anticc late

rufo marg'niatis ; abdomine nigro; tibiis, antennis-

qucfuscis. Long. "31, lat. '155. Habitat ad Lacum

Snperiorem.

Rufa; caput obscurius, dense punctatum ; antennae et palpi

brunnei. Thorax punctatus anticc vix emarginatus, angulis an-

ticis obtnsis, lateribns rotundatis, depressis, angulis pdBticia rec-

tis, impressione transversa anteriore acnte angulata, posteriore

recta, linea longitudinali Lnconspicua. Scutellum utrinque im-

pressum. "Elytra cyanea, nitidissima, macula magna basalirufa,

quadrantem occupante, qua' ad suturam colore cyaneo extenso

propemodum in duas dividitur partes leviter striato-punctata! ;

interstitiis sparse punctatis, tertio punclis tribus majoribus.

Subtus punctata, abdomen nigrum, tibia tarsique brunnei.

2. grand is. Hentz. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat in pro-

vinciis australibus.
tricolor. Say. Am. Phil. Sue. Habitat NovEboraci ra-
rius, el ad Lacum Superiorem.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 193

4. *pleuritica. Tlufa ; elytris cyaneis, vcl viridi-cyaneis,

striatis ; epipleuris rufis, abdominc nigro. Long. "28,
lat. -12. Habitat ad Lacum Superiorem.

Rufa; caput triangulare, leviter rugosum, pone oculos valde
constrictum, impressionibus frontalibus distinctis, antice fovea
parva notatis ; foveaque altera ad oculi margin em ; antenna, arti-
culis tribus primis nitidis, reliquis paulo obscurioribus. Thorax
rugosus, antice vix emarginatus, lateribus valde rotundatis, late
depressis, angulis posticis obtusis : impressione transversa ante-
riore obtuse angulata ; posteriore profundiuscula subrecta; linea
longitudinali capillari. Scutellum parvum rufum. Elytra cyan-
ea, vel viridi-cyanea, distincte striata, stria tertia punctis duobus
impressis ; margine externo tenuissimo, epipleurisque rufo tes-
taceis. Abdomen nigrum, indistincte rugulosum.

Striae elytrales quam in L. atriventri profundiores sunt, sed
non sicut in L. tricolori excavatae.

5. atriventris. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat in

provinciis mediis et occidentalibus.

6. viridipennis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

b or e a . Hentz. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat cum priore.

7. *f lircata. Rufa; elytris trivittatis, vitta media, sutur all,

communi, antice fur cata : pedibus nigris, femoribus
subtus flavescentibtw. Long. -30, lat. -125. Habitat
ad flumen Platte, et ad Lacum Superiorem.
Rufa ; caput antice rugulis indistinctis notatum ; foveaque
parva prope antennarum originem ; palpi et oculi nigri ; anten-
na articulo primo rufo; secundo et tertio rufis nigro-terminatis ;
reliquis nigro-fuscis. Thorax brevis, antice leviter emarginatus,
lateribus valde rotundatis, margine lato laterali et postico piano,
flavescente, angulis posticis subrectis, disco toto rugoso ; impres-
sionibus transversis satis distinctis, angtdos in medium formanti-
bus, linea longitudinali profundiuscula. Elytra vittis tribus ni-
gris, postice paulo abbreviatis; suturali antice furcata; spatiis

194 Gatalogm of the Geodephagous Colcoptera

inter vittas exteriores et suturalera flavescentibus ; leviter stria-
ta, ioteretitio tertio punctia tribua impressis. Pedes nigri, femo-
ribua Bubtua, dbiisque extus flavescentibus.

8. |> 11 Ic h el 1 a . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in prov. australibus.

9. fuse at a. Dej. ibid. Habitat NovEboraci, et in provinciis

australibus.
ct Dimidio minor, vitta marginali cum macula suturali
paulo pone medium conjuncta. Habitat ad Lacum
Superiorem.

10. axillaris. Dej. ibid. Habitat in provinciis australibus

et ad Rocky Mountains. Abdomine nonnunquam
pallido, sed ssepius infuscato.
a p i C (I lis . Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. 1. (Dromius.)

var. b r u n it ea. Hald. ibid.
U. o r n a t a . <:i y. Trans. Am. Phil Soc.

(I n (I I / .s*. Dej. Sp. (icn. Habitat NovEboraci rarius.

12. S C M l) U 1 a r i S . Dej. Sp. ( ! en. Habitat NovEboraci, et ad

Rocky Mountains.
a. Vitta elytrali postice marginem attingentc.

13. * c o 11 j u n iT (Ml s. Rufaj capite inter ocvlos ten niter striata.

ih/tris vitta lata suturali, alteraque suhmarginali,

l> i, stir, connexis, tibiis tarsisque nigris. Long. *2 unc.

lat • l . J [abital NovEboraci rarissime.

Rufa : palpi nigri, antenna fuscse basi rufae. Caput triangu-

lare, postice profunde constrictum, oculis rotundatis valde exstan-

tibus, inter oculos tenuiter striatum el punctatum. Thorns fere

emicircularis, apice paulo truncatus, margine lato depresso,

traj BubtiHter rugosus, Bubnitidus, linea Longitudinal] pro-

funda. Elytra tborace Besqui latiora Bubquadrata, plana, apice

Binuato-truncata, profunde tenuiter Btriata, vitta lata (-(111)11)11111

suturali ad Btriam •i ||,M extendente, alteraque ;i -'> [A ad sv;nn p s-

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 195

tice leviter dilatata, et cum suturali conjuncta, nigris. Pedes
nigri, femoribus basi, tibiis medio pallidis.

L. vittatam et scapularem valde refert ; huic autem pedes
ferruginei, ilke caput striatum.

14. vittata. Fabr. Habitat ubique.

15. nig rip ennis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinces aus-

tral i bus.

16. C O 1 1 a r i S . Dej. ibid. Habitat cum priore, et NovEboraci.

17. af finis. Dej. ibid. Habitat in provinciis australibus.

18. Ill a C U 1 1 C O r 11 i S . Obscure cenea, antcnnarum articulo

tertio pcdibusquc pallidis. Long. - 16, lat. '075. Ha-
bitat in Georgia.
Obscure eenea ; antenna, nigrae, articulo tertio, quartoque basi
pallido. Thorax subquadratus, antice vix angustatus, subcon-
vexus, tenuissime marginatus, lateribus non depressis ; linea
longitudinali tenui ; impressione transversa anteriore vix dis-
tincta, posteriore profunda, angulis posticis reflexis, subelevatis,
rectis : elytra obscure viridicentia, tenuiter striata, interstitio
tertio punctis duobus : pedes pallidi.

19. smaragdllla. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique.

20. viridis. Say et Dej. Habitat ubique.

21. piimila. Dej. Sp. Gen.

floricola. Harris, N. E. Farmer. Habitat in provinciis
mediis.
§ 21. Tborax convexus, cordatus, postice retractus, margine de-
presso nullo.

22. 4-vittata. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in Alabama, a Dom.

Haldeman amice data.

23. abdominalis. Chaudoir Bui. de Soc. Imp. des Nat.

Moscou. Rufa, antcnnis obscuris basi testaceis, ca-
pite elytrisque viridi-ceneis, pectore, genubus tibiisque
ad apicem nigris. Long. *2 unc, lat. "08. Habitat
in Alabama, a D. Haldeman amice data.

196 Catalogue of the Gcodej)hagous Coleoptera.

Rufa. Antenna obscuree, articulis duobus primis testaceis
palpi picei, mandibular ferruginese. Caput convexum pone
oculos profunde constrictum, collo brevi in tborace immissum,
sparse subtiliter punctatum ad oculos leviter rugosum, viridi-ae-
neum nitidum. Ocirii parvi modice exstantcs. Thorax capite
vix Latior, latitudinc summa paulo brevior, subcordatus, lateribus
valde rotundatus, postice retractus, ad angulos posticos leviter
sinuatus, antice posticcque truncatus, disco convexo, leviter spar-
6equepunctatus ct rugosus ; impressione transversa anteriore vix
distincta, postcriore valde profunda recta, linea longitudinal]
tenui. Scutellura brunncum. Elytra subquadrata tborace du-
plo latiora, postice recte truncata, obsoletissime striata, striis hie
illic punctatis, interstitiis planissimis. Postpcctus nigrum ; femo-
ra ad apicem anguste infuscata : tibiis ad apicem tarsisque ni-
giis, his articulo quarto bifido sed non cordiformi.

COPTODERA. Dcj.

1. * vir idiprn ni s. Obscure viridis,antennarum basiferrugi-

nca ; elytris viridi-nitidis, fenue striatis. Long. "26,

lat. -11. Habitat in Alabama.

Obscure viridis ; antenna articulis tribus primis ferrugineis,

reliquis fuscis. Thorax longitudine duplo latior, postice levissi-

mc nntrustat us, lateribus valde rotundatis, angulis posttcis vix

eonspicuis, obtusissimis ; margine basique depressus: linea Ion

gitudinali profunda, impressione transversa anteriore indistincta,

postcriore profunda, punctoque basali distincta. ISlytra viridi-

uitentia, tborace latiora, deplanata, humeris rotundatis, satis

prominentibus, lateribus leviter rotundatis postice oblique trun-

( :itis et siuuatis, leiiuitei striata, striis versus apicem paulo pro-

fundioribus ; interstitiis plauis.siiuis, tertio punctis duobus. S///>-

tus nigra, p< des picei.
g, acrata. Knocb. Neue 1 J < • i t . Habitat in provinciis auatrali-

bus.
.'{. S ig 1) a t Jl. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat cum priore.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 197

♦Collaris. Nigra; antcnnarum basi, pedibus, thorace (ex-
cepta macula mediali nigropicea) elytrorum margine
tenuissimo, maculaque apicali, testaceis, apice summo
brunneo. Long. 22 unc. lat. *1 unc. Habitat in
Georgia rarius.
Statura omnino C. signatae. Caput nigrum vix nitidum laeve,
oculis magnis prominulis. Antenna, ferrugineae, basi testaceae.
Thorax planus, capite paulo latior, latitudine surama sesqui bre-
vior, antice emarginatus, lateribus rotundatus, postice leviter re-
tractus, margine reflexo versus basin latiore ; linea longitudinali
profunda, impressionibus transversis tenuibus ; testaceus macu-
la discoidali ante medium nigro-fusca. Elytta tborace fere ses-
qui latiora, subquadrata fere plana, postice sinuato-truncata ;
distincte striata ; epipleuris, margine laterali tenuissimo, apica-
lique lato pallido, ad suturam quadratim dilatato apice summa
brunnea. Abdomen brunneum; pedes testaceo ferruginei.

C. signatam valde refert ; thorace tamen lateribus paulo mi-
nus rotundato, postice leviter angustato, elytrisque minus pro-
funde striatis : C. signata, porro, fascia transversa pallida ante
medium facile dignoscitur.

THYREOPTERUS. Dej.
EURYDERA. Lap.
1. fasciatllS. Nigro-aineus nitidus, antennis, palpis, pedibus,
elytrisque pallidis ; his macula magna scutellari fas-
cia lata undulata apicequc fuscis . Long "2 unc, lat.
•1. Habitat in provinciis australibus.
Coptodcra fasciata. Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I.
Ni"TO-aeneus nitidus. Caput triangulare larve, puncto utrinque
fxontaliimpresso, oculis parvi.s vix exstantibus, mandibular piceae,
antennae palpique testacei. Thorax capite paulo brevior, longi-
tudine summa sesqui latior, subquadratus antice leviter emargin-
atus, lateribus ante medium valde rotundatis, pone medium rec-
tis, leviter retractis, basi recte truncato, angulis posticis obtusis
apice non rotundatis ; disco minus convexus, impressione trans-

198 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Colcoptcra.

versa anteriore indistincta posteriore vakle profunda recta, linea
longitudinal] tenui, Integra, basalibus parvis profundis, basi pone
impressionem transversam sublilissime striate. Elytra thorace
basi sesqui latiora, latitudine summa longiora, subquadrata, sub-
plana, apice sinuato truncata ; tcnuiter striata, striis versus api-
cem paulo indistinctis, l»ia, 2"ila q Ue integris 3ia et 4 ,; > paido
abbreviatis, 5'a ct li t;i conjunctim abbreviatis, 7m :l Integra versus
aj)icem incurvata ; stria abbreviata ad suturam; pallidc testacea
nitida ; sutura, macula magna communi subscutellari, altera ad
apicem, fasciaque communi lata ad suturam postice angulata
fusco asneis ; fascia nonnunquam medio pallida, guttas plures for-
mantc; epipleuris testaceis. Subtus piceo-aeneus ; pedes testa-
cei ; metasternum medio ferrugineum. Habitus fere Notapbi.

Obs. — Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus dilatatis, sub-quadra-
tis ; intermedii fere filiformes.

ArTINUS. Bonclli.

1. amcricaillis. Dej. Cat.j LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc.

of Phil. Habitat in provinciis australibus.

2. janthinipennis. Dej.Sp.Grep. Habitat ad Lacum On-

ondaga, N. Y.

BRACHINUS. Weber.
In speciebus omnibus boreali americanis, caput et thorax fer-
ruginei, el elytra cyanescentia, viridescentia, vel nigricantia sunt.
1. alternans. Dej.Sp.Gen. Antenna fuscae, articulis duobus
primis, tertiique basi ferrugineis j caput elongatum laeve, postice
punctatum, Lmpressionibus front alibus profundis, leviter puncta-
tis. Thorax longitudine latitudinem excedens, antice leviter
cmarginatiis, capiti arete conjunctus, angulis deflexisj lateribus
usque ad dodrantera rotundatis sed vix ampliatis, dein contractis,
angulis posticis rectis paulo exstantibus : margiur acute rcflexo :
convexus, leviter punctatus ; inijuvssione transversa anteriore
angulata, profunda, posteriore distincta fere recta, linea longitu-
dinali satis impressa, basalibus parvis dob profundis. Elytra
ba i angusta, fore ad apicem ampliata, humeris valde rotundatis;

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 199

leviter punctata et pubescentia ; subcostata, costis externis obso-
letis, secunda et quarta paulo eminentioribus. Subtus fuscus ;
pectora trochanteres et pedes ferruginei. Long. '615, lat. '285.
Habitat in provinciis australibus.

ballistarillS. Antenna sicut in B. alternante : caput
multo latins, oculis magis exstantibus, lrcve, postice punctatum,
impressionibus frontalibus minus profundis rugulosis. Thorax
latitudine longitudinem aequans, antice latus, vix emarginatus,
angulis anticis non deflexis, rectis, paulo porrectis, lateribus ma-
gis rotundatis paulo ampliatis, prope basin valde contractis fere
strangulatis, angulis posticis acutis, subdivergentibus ; margine
tenui reflexo ; minus convexus, leviter rugosus ; impressione
transversa anteriore margine approximata indistincta, posteriore
profunda, linea longitudinali tenuissima, basalibus distinctis satis
profundis. Elytra antice latiora, bumeris minus rotundatis,
lateribus vix ampliatis ; nigrocyanea, costata ; costis 2 u da et 4ta,
eminentioribus ; interstitiis profundioribus, pubescentibus, vix
punctatis. Subtus fuscus, trocbanteres, pedes, et pectora medio,
ferruginea. Long. '59, lat. -255. Habitat NovEboraci.

Ad hanc speciem forte referendus est B. tenuicollis (mihi
Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. loc. cit.): sed specimen unicum a quo fac-
ta est descriptio valde imperfectum est, et non recte conferen-
dum cum B. ballistario.

*similis. Statura et forma omnino B. ballistarii. Antenna
fuscae, articulis duobus primis tertiique basi ferrugineis. Caput
elongatum, oculis prominulis, lasve ; impressionibus frontalibus
latis, non profundis, leviter rugosis. Thorax latitudine caput
aequans, longitudine paulo angustior, antice leviter emarginatus,
angulis non rotundatis acutiusculis ; lateribus usque ad medium
leviter rotundatis, non ampliatis, dein rotundato-contractis, prope
basin valde angustatis, non constrictis, angulis posticis acutis, di-
vergentibus ; margine tenui reflexo ; disco leviter convexus, ru-
gosus, sparse leviter punctatus ; impressionibus transversis valde
profundis, linea longitudinali tenui. Elytra nigricantia pubes-
centia, sparse punctata, distinctius costata, costis 2 u ^ a et 4 ta acu-

200 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcopterd.

tioribus, magis elevatis. Subtus fuscus, pectora trochanteres et
pedes ferruginei. Long. -475, lat. *22. Habitat NovEboraci
rarissime.

i. strenilUS. LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. loc. cit. sup.
Antenna fortiores, ferruginea?, apice paulo obscurae ; caput an-
gustum, laeve, postice punctatum ; impressionibus frontalibus
profundis latis, subpunctatis. Thorax angustior, antice leviter
emarginatus angulis deflexis vix conspicuis, lateribus leviter ro-
tundatis non ampliatis, ad dodrantem retractis, sed minus quam
in praecedentibus, angulis posticis rectis; margine acutius re-
flexo ; convexus, distincte punctatus ; impressione transversa an*
teriore medio profunda, posteriore distincta, linea longitudinali
levissima et tenuissima, basalibus parvis. Elytra basi minus
angustata, bumeris valde rotundatis, lateribus levissime rotunda-
tis et ampliatis, convexiora, obscure atra, valde pubescentia, sub-
punctata, costis lasvibus, non politis, interstitiis minime profun-
dis, jDostice obsoletis. Subtus fuscus, pedes et trochanteres ob-
scure ferruginei. Long. '60, lat. -28. Habitat in Georgia.

5. *tormentarius. Antenna sicut in B. strenuo : caput punc-
tatum medio laeve, paulo latius, oculis minus exstantibus, im-
pressionibus frontalibus latis, profundis. Thorax latior antice
leviter emarginatus, angulis rotundatis, lateribus ad dodrantem
valde rotundatis et paulo ampliatis, dein valde retractis angulis
posticis divergentibus, exstantibus ; margine reflexiore ; minus
convexus, dense jmnctatus ; impressione transversa anteriore an-
gulata distincta, posteriore profunda, linea longitudinali bene
notata, basalibus parvis. Elytra planiora, basi angustiora lateri-
bus multo magis ampliatis et paulo rotundatis, cyanea, costata ;
costis externis obsoleas, interstitiis profundioribus, leviter pube-
scentibus et punctatis. Subtus ferruginous, lateribus paulo in*
fuscatis. Long. */37, lat. *26. Habitat in provinces occidental^
bus.

6. D C y r 1 1 i i . Ferte, Rev. Zool, 1S41. Priorcm valde refert.
Antenna' ea?dem : caput paulo angustius, minus punctatum, im-

Catalogue of the Geodaphagous Coleoptera. 201

pressionibus latis, sed non tam profundis. Thorax paulo angus-
tior, capiti arctius conjunctus, angulis anticis non rotundatis ;
lateribus magis ampliatis et rotundatis, prope basin magis subito
retractis, angulis posticis minus divergentibus, margine reflexo
paulo angustiore : minus convexus, punctatus; impressione
transversa anteriore valde angulata, distincta, posteriore paulo
recurva, linea longitudinali tenui et distincta ; basalibus paulo
profundioribus, fere ad medium antice extendentibus, parte
antica minus impressa. Elytra antice minus angustata, lateri-
bus minus ampliatis, humeris magis rotundatis ; obscure cyanea,
pubescentia, levissime punctata ; costata, costis externis subob-
soletis, interstitiis angustiusculis, non profundis. Subtus ferru-
gineus, lateribus leviter infuscatis. Long. -575, lat. *27. Habi-
tat in provinciis australibus.

7. quadripennis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

var. neglectus. LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phila.
Antennae, fuscas, articulis duobus primis ferrugineis. Caput
subelongatum, fere lseve, punctis solum paucis pone oculos, im-
pressionibus, longiusculis distinctis, antice punctatis. Thorax
latitudine summa longior, capite non latior, antice leviter emar-
ginatus, angulis anticis fere acutis, non deflexis, lateribus satis
ampliatis, et usque ad dodrantem valde rotundatis, dein valde
contractis, angulis posticis divergentibus prominulis ; margine
reflexo tenuissimo ; convexus, laevis, rugulis transversis valde
indistinctis obtectus : impressione transversa anteriore margini
valde approximata, non profunda, margine antica leviter striata ;
posteriore ad medium obtuse angulata distincta, linea longitudi-
nali tenui ad basin extendente, basalibus brevibus vix conspicu-
is. Elytra obscure atra (in varietate subcyanea) lata, humeris
distinctis, valde rotundatis, lateribus leviter ampliatis, indistincte
costata, costis postice et cxterne obliteratis ; obsolete punctata,
subpubescentia. Subtus obscurus, ad latera fuscus pectora tro-
chanters et pedes ferruginei. Long. '40, lat. \20.5, Habitat in
provinciis australibus communius.

202 Catalogue of the Geodaphagous Colcoptcra.

8. lateralis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Corporis forma B. quadripen-
nem refert. Antenna obscuras articulo primo pallido, secundo
ferrugineo, macula parva obscura. Caput latius, convexius laeve,
impressiouibus breviusculis, linearibus, profundis. Thorax capite
angustior, et ei arete conjunctus, anticc levissime emarginatus,
lateribus usque ad dodrantem rotundatis, non ampliatis, dein
paulo contractis, angulis posticis acutis, divergentibus,prominulis:
margine tenuissimo reflexo ; valde convexus, lajvis ; impressione
transversa anteriore margini approximata distincta, posteriore
valde profunda, recta, linea longitudinali tenui distincta, utrinque
abbreviata. Elytra obscure atra, margine angusta pallida, quam
in pnecedente basi angustiora, bumeris minus rotundatis lateri-
bus magis ampliatis ; obsolete costata, levissime rugosa, pube
breve vestita. Epipleime postice pallidae. Subtus ferruginous,
ad latera fuscus; pedes pallidi, genubus obscuris. Long. *33, lat.
.165. Abundat in provinciis australibus.
). patruelis. Dej. Cat: LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of
Phila, Antenna: obecurae, articulis duobus primis, tertiique basi
ferrugineis, caput mediocre, laeve, impressiouibus exadversum
oculorum medium desinentibus, profundis, rcctis postice leviter
dilatatis. Thorax latitudinc summa paido longior, capite nonlati-
or, antice leviter emarginatus angulis valde rotundatis deflcxis.
lateribus modice rotundatis, vix ampliatis, pro2ie basin valde an-
g ustatus eed non constrictus, angulis posticis, fere rectis ; mar
gine tenui valde reflexo; Levis, quam in praecedentibus minus
convexus ; impressione transversa anteriore angulata, indistinota,
posteriore leviter impressa, linea longitudinali tenui profunda.
Integra, basalibus prolongatis, ante medium tendentibus, sed
valde indistinctis, rectis. Elytra obscure atra, subconvexa, basi
angusta, humeris satis distinctis, lateribus usque ad dodrantem
ampliatis; costis latis <>]>iusis vi\ elevatis, interstitiis \ ;i K li ■ angus-
tis, ita in obsolete striata videntur. Subtus obscurus, pectorn
medio, trochanteres el pedes ferrugineii Long. "365, lat, w 175.
Habital Noi Eboraci, et in provinciis australibus.

Catalogue of the Ceodephagous Coleoptera. 203

10. Lecoiltei. Dej. Cat. et LeConte. loc. cit. sup. Angusti-
or ; antennas obscurae, articvilis duobus primis ferrugineis ;
caput elongatum, punctatum, medio laeve, impressionibus profun-
dis ; oculi vix prominuli. Thorax capite non latior, latitudine
dimidio fere longior, capiti arete conjunctus, antice leviter
emarginatus, angulis deflexis ; lateribus leviter rotundatis non
arapliatis, prope basin contractus, non constrictus; angulis posti-
cis rectis noT diverge ntibus ; margine tenui reflexo ; subcon-
vexus, punctatus ; impressione transversa anteriore angulata,
profunda, posteriore minus distincta, linea longitudinali pro-
funda, utrinque abbreviata. Elytra cyanescentia, basi angusta,
humeris valde rotundatis, lateribus leviter ampliatis, convexa,
pubescentia, punctata; costata, costa 2uda paulo distinctiore, in-
terstitiis latis modice profundis. Subtus fuscus, pectora, trocban
teres et pedes ferruginei. Long. -51, lat. -21. Habitat in
provinciis australibus.

11. perplexus. Dej. Sp. Gen. Angustior: antennae obscu-
rae, articulis duobus primis, tertiique basi ferrugineis. Caput
quam in B. LeContei paulo brevius et latius, laeve, punctis pau-
cis posticis, impressionibus frontalibus valde profundis, rugo-
sis. Thorax latitudine caput aequans, quam in praecedente paulo
brevior, angulis anticis rotundatis, prominulis, lateribus usque
ad medium fere rectis, dein rotundato-contractis, prope basin
retractis sed non coustrictis, angulis posticis divergentibus; mar-
gine valde reflexo : multo minus convexus, sparse punctatus ;
impressionibus transversis vix distinctis, linea longitudinali bene
impressa, integra. Elytra cyanescentia humeris rotundatis dis-
tinctis, lateribus leviter ampliatis; convexa, pubescentia, subti-
lius punctata ; costis latis, interstitiis angustis, minime profundis,
ita ut striae obsoletae videntur. Subtus ferrugineus, lateribus
fuscis. Lung. *44, lat. "17. Habitat NovEboraci.

12. f U 111 a 11 S . Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.: Dej. Sp. Gen.

Cyanopterus. Dej. MS.; LeConte. Proceed. Ac.

Nat. Sc. Vol. I.
Angustior; antenna articulis quatuor primis ferrugineis, reliquis
obscuris ; caput fere ut in praecedente, impressionibus tamen pro-

204 Catalogue of the GeoJcphagous Coleoptcra.

fundioribus, et sparse purictatis. Thorax fere ut in praecedente,
angulis anticis minus rotundatis, lateribus usque ad medium fere
rectis, leviter ampliatis, postice magis retractis, angulis posticis
valde divergentibus ; margine latiorc reflexo, praesertim versus
angulos anticos; subplanus, sparse punctatus ; impressione trans-
versa anteriore valde angulata, non profunda, posteriore nulla,
linea longitudinali profunda utrinque abbreviata. Elytra sub-
eyanea, fere parallela, bumeris valde rotundatis sed satis distinc-
tis ; minus convexa, pubescentia, leviter punctata ; costata, inters-
tvtiis profundioribus, latis, costis extends fere obsoletis. Subtus
obscure ferrugineus, lateribus fuscis, pedes ferruginei. Long.
•475, lat. -205. Habitat NovEboraci.
a, Elytra viridescentia.

13. *Sllf flans. Priorem valde refert. Antenna et caput
eadem. Thorax paulo angustior, capiti arctius conjunctus, an-
gulis anticis deflexis, lateribus magis rotundatus postice paulo
magis retractus ; convexior, minus punctatus, rugulis plurimis
distinctis ; linea longitudinali tenuiore, impressione transversa
anteriore angulata, distinctiore, posteriore nulla. Elytra sicut
in B. fumante. Subtus ferrugineus, ad latera leviter infuscatus.
Long. -495, lat. -20. Habitat NovEboraci.

14. *affillis. Corporis forma, B. viridipennem refert, sed ely-
tra multo magis parallela. Antenna; articulis quatuor primis fer-
rugineis, reliquis fuscescentibus. Caput subelongatum, oculis
vix prominulis, laeve punctis paucis pone oculos, et in impres-
sionibus frontalibus, quae longae sunt, sed non profundae. Thorax
capite vix latior, latitudinc non longior, antice emarginatus, an-
gulis valde rotundatis depressis : lateribus usque ad medium fere
rectis, dein rotundato-angustatis, prope basin contractis non con-
strictis, basi quam in alteris paulo latiore ; angulis acutis diver-
gentibus ; margine tenuissimo reflexo; disco subconvcxus, dense
punctatus, impressionibus transvcrsis Vix observandis, linea longi-
tudinali integra, medio minus profunda, basalibus latis. Elytra
longiora, parallela, bumeris valde rotundatis ; cyanescentia, pu-
bescentia, subtilius punctata ; distinctius costata, costis postice et

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 20o

externe obsoletis, interstitiis latis exaratis. Subtus ferrugineus,
lateribus leviter infuscatis. Abdomen densius pilosum. Long.
•465, lat. -20. Habitat in Indiana ad flumen Ohio.
15- viridipenilis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Angustior; antennae, cras-
siusculee, obscurae, articulis duobus primis tertiique basi ferrugi-
neis. Caput elongatum leviter punctatum, medio laeve ; im-
pressionibus frontalibus latis brevibus non profundis. Thorax
latitudine caput aequans, latitudine sumtna longior, capiti arete
connexus, angulis anticis deflexis, lateribus rotundatis non am-
pliatis, pone medium regulariter contractis, minime constrictis.
angulis posticis rectis, vix divergentibus, margine tenuissimo
reflexo ; convexus, densius minus fortiter punctatus ; impressione
transversa anteriore valde angalata, profunda, posteriore leviter
impressa, basalibus brevibus, linea longitudinali tenui postice
abbreviata. Elytra viridescentia, valde pubescentia, densius
subtilius punctata; basi angusta, humeris valde rotundatis, indis-
tinctis, lateribus leviter ampliatis ; subcostata, costis postice et
externe obsoletioribus, interstitiis latis obtusis. Subtus fuscus,
pectora, ti-oehanteres, et pedes ferruginei. Long. '55, lat. '235.
Habitat in provinciis australibus sat frequens.

16. viridis. LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phila. B. vi-
ridipennem valde refert. Antennce et caput eadem. Thorax
antice paulo angustior, postice minus retractus, angulis posticis
modice divergentibus ; minus convexus, minus dense punctatus ;
impressione posteriore profundiore, linea longitudinali fortiter
impressa, postice abbreviata. Elytra laete viridia, antice paulo
angustiora, lateribus magis ampliatis ; distinctius costata, costis
2nda e t 4ta paulo evidentioribus, interstitiis profundioribus. Sub-
tus sicut in B. viridipenne. Long. -.50, lat. -21. Habitat in
provinciis australibus rarissime.

17. cephalotes. Dej. Sp. Gen. Angustior; antenna: atten-
uatae, ferrugineae apice paulo obscurae; caput latum oculis pro-
minulis, ad latera leviter punctatum, impressionibus frontalibus
latis, profundis. Thorax capite angustior, latitudine summa lon-
gior, antice vix emarginatus, angulis rotundatis, lateribus rotund-

206 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptcra,

atis, non ampliatis, pone medium regulariter retractis, minlme
constrictis, angulis posticis divergentibus ; margine acute re-
flexo; convexus, leviter punctatus ; impressionibus transversis
indistinctis, linea longitudinali profunda, tenui. Elytra cyanes-
centia, pubescentia, vix punctata; basi valde angustata, liumeris
valde rotundatis. sed satis distinctis, lateribus usque ad dodran-
tem ampliatis; levissime et obtuse costata. Subtus ferrugineus
lateribus infuscatis. Long. -355 — "30, lat. '15 — "12. Habitat
ubique.

18. * V e 1 O X. B. cephalotem refert. Antenna attenuatas, longi-
tudine corpus aequantes, ferrugineae, apice paulo obscurae. Caput
impressionibus longioribus, profundioribus valde punctatis. Tho-
rax brevior antice valde latior, vix emarginatus, angulis deflexis,
lateribus valde rotundatis, prope basin retractis, angulis posti-
cis acutis, valde divergentibus ; margine tenuissimo reflexo ;
sparse subtilius jiunctatus, minus convexus ; impressione trans-
versa anteriore vix distincta, posteriore modice profunda, linea
longitudinali tenui integra. Elytra fere sicut in B. cephalote,
antice paulo minus angustata, liumeris minus rotundatis ; costis
externis obsoletissimis. Subtus obscurus, pectora, trocbanteres
et pedes ferruginea. Long. *30, lat. '125. Habitat NovEbo-
raci.

19. COrdicollis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Corporis forma B. quadri-
pennem valde refert. Antenna ferrugineae, apice obscurae. Ca-
put majus, ad latera sparse punctatum, impressionibus frontali-
bus latisprofundis. Thorax latitudine non longior, antice levi-
ter emarginatus, angulis obtusis, deflexis, lateribus valde rotun-
datis, usque ad medium ampliatis, prope basin valde contractis
fere constrictis, angulis posticis modice divergentibus : margine
valde reflexo ; modice convexus, obsolete rugosus et punctatus :
impressione transversa anteriore vix distincta, posteriore valde
profunda, linea longitudinali profunda integra, basalibus rectis,
profundis. Elytra obscure evanescent ia, pube densa breviore
vestita, obsoletissime rugosa, magis parallela quam in B. quadri-
penni, bumeris minus rotundatis ; evidentius costata, costis ex-

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleopterd. 207

terne et postice obsoletis, interstitiis lalis. Subtus ferrugineus.
honor. -35 lat. -155. Habitat NovEboraci.

O 7

20. COnformis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Corporis forma B. fumantem
refert : triplo minor. Antennae, tenues, articulis duobus pnmis,
tertii, quartique basi ferrugineis, reliquis obscurioribus. Caput
latum, fere laeve, punctis paucis pone oculos ; impressionibus
frontalibus longis, profundus, rugosis. Thorax latitudine paulo
longior, capite non latior, antice leviter emarginatus, angulis
valde obtusis, deflexis, lateribus usque ad medium rotundatis,
vix ampliatis, proue basin retractis, non constrictis, angulis
posticis acutis valde divergentibus ; margine valde reflexo,
arftice paulo latiore ; convexus, leviter rugose-punctatus ; im-
pressione transversa anteriore profunda, angulata, posteriore
distincta, recta, linea longitudiuali profunda, antice abbrevia-
ta. Elytra cyanescentia, pubescentia, vix punctata, fere laevia,
costis 2'^ a et 4ta distinctis postice obliterans, margins ex-
timo reflexo, paulo latiore quam in praecedentibus ; humeris
valde rotundatis sed satis distinctis, lateribus fere parallelis.
Subtus obscurus ; t-ochanteres, pedes, pectoraque ferruginea.
Lono-. -365, lat. -155. Habitat NovEboraci.

21. medillS. Harris. Cat. Parvus, subelongatus : antenna
elongataa, obscurae, articulis duobus primis tertii : } ue basi ferru-
gineis. Caput latum convexum laeve, impressionibus frontalibus
profundis, rugosis. Thorax latiusculus, antice emarginatus, an-
gulis deflexis, obtusis, lateribus usque ad medium rotundatis
leviter ampliatis, prope basin valde retractis fere constrictis,
angulis posticis acutis valde divergentibus ; margine reflexo
tenuissimo ; leviter convexus, laevis ; impressionibus transversis
distinctis, anteriore valde angulata,fcl;nea longitudina li profunda,
inteora, basalibus brevibus profundis. Elytra subcyanea, minus
opaca, humeris valde rotundatis s°d distinctis, lateribu leviter
ampliatis fere parallelis; densi s \ ubescen ia, vix j unca a, ob-
solete costata, sutura costisque 2 ,da et 4ta paulo elevatis. Sub-
tus ferrugineus, lateribus abJomineque infuscatis. Long. -22,
lat. -10. Ha'ji at NovEboraci, ad latum Onondaga.

208 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptcra

22. *pumilio. Minutus, forma B. cephalotem refert. Antenna 1
ferruginea- apice leviter infuscatse. Caput magnum, postice
magis retractum, laeve, impressionibus fronlalibus valde profun-
dis, latis. Thorax laliusoulus, anlice non emarginatus, angulis
obtusis, lateribus usque ad medium leviter ampliatis et rotunda-
tis, prope basin valde angustatus, angulis posticis rectis; mar-
gine reflexo vix conspicuo ; leviter convexus, laivis ; impression-
ibus transversis obsoletis, linea longitudinali profunda, antice
abbreviata. Elytra subeyanea, basi angusta, lateribus amplia-
tis, et leviter rotundatis, costis fere nullis, pubescentia, leviter
punctata. Subtus ferruginous. Long. -20, lat. '09. Habitat
cum priore.

HELLUOMORPHA. Lap.
HELLUO. p. Dej.

1. Clairvillci. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis austra-

libus.

2. pracusta. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat cum priore et in Ter-

ritorio Missouriensi.

3. laticornis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in Georgia et Carolina.

4. nigripeilllis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat etiam in provinciis

australibus.

PSYDRUS. LeConte.
1. picGUS. LeConte. Annals of the Lyceum, Vol. IV. Ha-
bitat ad Lacum Superiorem.

APLOCHILE* nov. gen.
Corpus elongatum, subcylindricum.
Caput magnum, supra et subtus convexum, postice non con-

strictum.
Lahrum brevissimum, non observn.ndum.
Mandibuljb lata3, validaB, apice vix acutae.
(Maxilla uon visae.)

* a7TKoo(, simplex ct ^«7ah, I (thrum.

Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera. 209

Mentum magnum, modice concavum, late modice emarginatum,
emarginatione basi plana, dente nullo.

Palpi tenues, articulo ultimo cylindrico, apice leviter truncate

Antennae breves, versus apicem incrassataa, articulo l m0 bre-
vi, crasso ; 2ndo sesqui breviore, crassitie non lon-
giore ; 3i° duplo longiore leviter obconico ; reliquis
discretis, globulosis, aequalibus ; ultimo vix longiore,
obovali, apice subacuto.

Oculi majusculi, rotundati.

Thorax subcordatus, convexus, lateribus vix rotundatus, postice
retractus, antice et postice truncatus.

Scutellum nullum.

Elytra parallela, thorace cum capite fere duplo longiora, apice
rotundata, linea elevata, brevi, submarginali ad api-
cem.

Pedes mediocres : tarsi breviusculi, antici latiusculi, articulis
subaequalibus, 3 primis triangulaiibus ; reliqui arti-
culo lmo paulo longiore, ultimo sesqui longiore;
tibia? anticae intus valde profunde emarginatae, spi-
na apicali valid a.

Ungues simplices.

A Psydro differt habitu convexinre, capite subtus convexo,

postice non constricto, oculis majoribus; labro vix conspicuo ;

antennarum articulis magis discretis; articulo ultimo reliquis vix

longiore, apice subacuto (in Psydro, sesqui longiore, apice valde

obtuso, rotundatoque) ; mento majore, minus concavo : Nomius

(Laporte) esse videretur, nisi scutellum ejus breve, thoraxque

fortiter marginatus abhorrent.
1. pygmaeilS. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Morio.) Habitat in Alabama
rarius ; a Dom. Haldeman amicissime datus.

SPECIES MIIII INVISvE.

Arctharca (Say,) hclluonis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc. N. S. Vol. IV.

210 Catalogue of the Gcodaphagdus Coleoptera;

Z u ph in m (Lat.) americanum. Dej. Sp. Gen.

Habitat ubique rarissime.

Cy mind is morio. Dej. Sp. Gen.
Calleida rubricollis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

Dro 111 illS gemmatllS. Haldeman ibid. Habitat in

Pennsylvania.
Lebia russata. Newman. Ent. Mag. Vol. V. Habitat

in Florida.

marginella. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in pro-

vinciis australibus.

Helluo pygmaeus. Dej. Sp. Gen.
Heteromorphus (Kirby,) excrucians (Kirby.)

Linnean Trans.
Dr epanus (Illiger,) fjeContei. Dej. Sp. Gen. Ha-
bitat in provinciis australibus.

Sub. Fam. II. — Scar i tides. — Dej.

Bipartiti. — Latreille.
Scaritidat. — MacLeay.

SCARITES. Fabr.

1. Kpllialtcs. LeConte. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. Vol. V.

Habitat in prov. australibus, habitat etiam ad Rocky
Mountains.

2. quadriceps. Chaudoir. Bull. Soc. Imp. des Nat. de Mos-

cou. No. IV.

Sub stria til S. Haldeman. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. Habi-
tat in provinciis australibus.

distinctus. Hald. ibid. (var. sulco mandibulari basi paulo
minus dilatato.)

Catalogue of the Geodapltagous Coleoptera. 211

3. intermedillS. LeConte. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. Habi-

tat in provinciis occidentalibus.

4. Sllbterraneus. Fabr. Habitat ubique : striae elytrales

obsolete punctata?, saepe fere laeves.

5. vicinilS. Chaudoir. loc. cit.

af finis. LeConte. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. Habitat
ubique.

6. patruelis. LeConte, ibid. Habitat in provinciis australi-

bus.
denticollis? Chaudoir loc. cit.

PASIMACHUS. Bonelli.

1. depressUS? Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

LeConte. Annals of the Lyceum Nat. Hist. Vol.
IV. Habitat in Georgia.

2. morio. LeConte. ibid. Habitat in provinciis australibus.

3. punctlllatus. Haldeman. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. Ha-

bitat in provinciis australibus, et ad Rocky Mountains.

4. laevis. LeConte. An. Lye. Habitat in NovaCaesarea.

5. elongatllS. LeConte. ibid. Habitat in territorio Missou-

riensi.

6. obsoletUS. LeConte. ibid. Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.

7. SllbstriatUS. LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. et An.

Lye. Habitat insulam Longam, NovEboraci.

8. assimilis. LeConte. An. Lye. Habitat in provinciis aus-

tralibus.

9. rugOSUS. LeConte. ibid. Habitat in provincia NovaCae-

sarea.

10. Sllblaevis. Beauvois. Ins. d'Amer. Habitat in Georgia.

11. subsulcatus. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat in

provinciis australibus.

12. mar gin at US. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

212 Catalogue of the Gcodcphagous Colcoptera.

sulcatus. MacLeay. Dej. Cat. Habitat in provinciis
australibus coramunius.

DYSCHIRIUS. Megerle.
CLIVINA. p. Dej. et aliis.

1. crenatus. Dej.

bipuStulattlS. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.
$ It U in trails. Chaudoir. loc. cit. (exemplum immaturum.)
Habitat in provinciis australibus communins : interstitia ely-
tralia in mare paulo latiora quam in faemina.

2. subangulatus. Chaudoir. ibid. Habitat ad Rocky

Mountains et Novum Aurelianum.

3. viridis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.
rOStratUS. Dej. Habitat ubique rarius.

4. spliacri coll is. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat

ubique rarius.

5. pumi lllS. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique.

6. globlll OS US. Say. Habitat ad Lacum Superiorem, et

Rocky Mountains.

7. liaemorrhoidalis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis

mediis et occidentalibus.

8. *tcrniinatUS. Niger, clytris ceneis, apice obscure rvfis

striatopunctatis ; pedibus, abdomincque rufo-piceis.
Long. -135, lat -045. Habitat NovEboraci.
Elongatus niger nitidus ; Jrons utrinque oblique profunde stri-
ata ; ocull valde exstantes ; palpi et antenna rufie. Thorax
sub-globosus, convexus : impressione transversa anteriore valde
angulata, vix distincta, linea longitudinali ornnino obliterata.
Elytra aenea, nitida, apice obscure rufa, latitudme thoracem
aequantia, elongata, versus apicein levissime attenuata, rotunda-
ta, striata ; striis leviter punctatis, ad tricntem ab apice obsole-
lis, prima integra, ad apiccm incurvata ; interstitio tertio punc-

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 213

tis tribus impressis. Abdomen nifo-piceum^e^Ze* obscure run.
D. hsemorrhoidalem (Dej.) refert.

CLIVINA. Latreille.

1. dentipes. Dej. Habitat in provinciis australibus rarius.

2. bipustulata. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

a, macula quoque humerali.=4-?W«C?/ lat (I. Beauvois
et Say. Habitat ubique.

3. convex a. LeConte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phil. Habi-

tat in provinciis australibus rarius. Long. "205 lat. *06.
Priorem valde refert : multo minor : caput impressionibus
brevioribus ; linea transversa pone oculos, quae in C. bipustula-
ta valde obsoleta, in hac satis distincta est. Thorax antice latior,
angulis anticis rectioribus, et minus rotundatis ; convexior, linea
longitudinali multo leviore, et impressione transversa anteriore,
vix distincta. Elytra eadem ac in C. bipustulata.

4. impressifrons. LeConte. ibid. Habitat cum priore.

Long. -2G, lat. -07.
Cylindrica, obscure rufa, caput utrinque impressione longa,
lata, profunda, lineaque mediana profunda ; pone oculos trans-
verse impressum. Thorax latitudiue summa longior, parallelus,
postice rotundatus, angulis anticis rectis vix rotundatis, impres-
sione transversa anteriore tenui et profunda, margini subapprox-
imata, linea longitudinali distincta ; impressionibus basalibus
linearibus, distinctis. Elytra parallela, elnngata, apice rotun-
data, profunde striata, striis punctatis, obsoletius versus apicem:
interstitio quarto punctis 4 vel 5 parvis.

5. americana. Dej. Sp. Gen. In provinciis australibus.

6. striatopunctata. Dej. Sp. Gen. Cum priore.

7. *postica. Nigra, nitida ; thorace angulis anticis suhrectis,

elytra profunde striatopunctata, macula suhapicali
obscnre rufa. Long. "21 lat. "005. Habitat ad Rocky
Mountains.
C. striatopunctatam refert : caput idem, oculis minus promi-

214 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptcra.

nentibus ; thorax latior, convexior, brevior, lateribus fere paral-
lelis posticcvix ampliatis, angulis anticis rectioribus, paulo magis
rotundatis ; impressionibus sicut in C. striatopunctata. Elytra
paulo latiora et brcviora, striis paulo profundioribus, macula
parva, rotunda, obscure rufa prope apicem. Pedes nigro-picei.

8. pallida. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

rttfescens. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis aus-
tralibus.

9. lilieolata. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

acilducta? Haldeman. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc.

Slllcifrons. Dej. Cat. Habitat ubique rarius. Long.
•185 lat. -055.

Nigro-aenea, vel obscure rufo-picea : frons antice impressa,
lineaque transversa, tenui notata ; inter oculos profunde 5 vel 7
striata, stria media lata excavata, sulcata; interstitiis linearibus,
elevatis, acutis, duobus mediis antice productis. Caput pone
oculos subito constrictum. Thorax subpentagonus, antice paulo
angustatus, angulis anticis fere rectis ; posticis valde obtusis, sed
non rotundatis, basi utrinque recta, valde obliqua ; impressioni-
bus transversis, lineaque longitudinali profundis ; basalibus pro-
fundis, linearibus, antice productis, ad marginem anticum fere
extendentibus. Elytra thorace paulo latiora, profunde striato-
punctata, interstitiis convexis, angustis, punctis paucis. Antenna
et pedes rufo-picei.

10. # sulcata, llufa ; front c sulcata ; thorace angulis posticis
rot a m) '<i tis, impressionibus basalibus elongatis ; elytris
profunde striatis. Long. -1G lat. "05. Habitat Nov-
Kboraci.
Pcfert priorom, sed anguslior et magis rylindrica. Rufa;
frons Mcut in C.lineolata ; oculis minus exstantibus ; caput postice
minus ((iiistrictum. Thorax aogustior, convexior, antice \i\ an-
L'u-i.itus, rmirulis anticis obtusis; posticis valde obtusis et rotun-
datis n'ik distinctis; impressionibus transversis el lines longitu-
dinali profundis: basalibus linearibus, rectis, profundioribus, ante

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 215

medium extendentibus. Elytra angustiora, magis, cylindrica, apice
magis rotundata ; profunde striata, striis impunctatis, interstitio
tertio punctis duobus.

11. * frontalis. Rufa, depressior : f route sulcata thorace
angulis jjosticis obliteratis ; impressionibus basalibns
rectis, product is ; el ytris profunde striatopunctatis, in-
terstitio tertio, quinto et scptimo serie punctorum.
Long. -145 lat. -04. Habitat WestcbesterCo., N. Y.
A Dom. Jac. Thompson, benevole datus.
Praecedentes duos refert, depressior, et magis parallelus.
Rufa; caput et frons sicut in C. sulcata, striis paulo minus pro-
fundis. Thorax antice non angustatus, angulis fere rectis, vix
rotundatis ; lateribus usque ad medium leviter rotundatis, dein
usque ad basin subito rotundato-contractis, angulis posticis om-
nino obliteratis : disco planuisculus ; impressionibus transversis
sicut in priore, linea longitudinali valde profunda. Elytra de-
planata, parallela, apice obtuse rotundata, profunde striato-punc-
tata, punctis postice obsoletis, interstitio tertio, quinto et septimo,
serie punctorum, 7 vel 8.

Speciei huicce C. amphibia (Hald. loc. cit. sup.) forte pertinet.
Descriptio tamen ejus imperfecta et nimis concisa ; seriebus
punctorum interstitialibus non meminit ; ceteris cum insecto
nostro quadrat.

SPECIES SEQUENTES MIHI INVEST.

DyschirillS morio. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provin-

ciis australibus.

puncticollis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

pallipennis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

Habitat in provinciis mediis.
Clivina elongata. Randall Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.

Vol. I. Habitat in Massachusetts.

216 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptcra.

Sub. Fain. III. — Harpalides. — Westwood.
Harpal'uhe. — McLcay.
Th oracici. — L at.

Divisio 1. — Fcronidea. — Westwood.
Feronicns. — Dej.
Simplicimani. — L at.

MORIO. Lat.
i Georgia C. Pal. de Beauv. Ins. d'Am.
tilO ntlh'Ornis. Lat. : Dej. Sp. Gen.
COSt (it US. Germar. Abundat in provinciis australibus.

PATROBUS. Megerle.
I. loilgicorilis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

amcricanuS. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis me-
diis.

CALATHUS. Bon.

I distinffUC 11 dllS. Le Conte. Proceed. Ac. Nat. S. of Phila.
o

Vol. I.
Color omnino sicut in C. gregario ; forma paulo angnstior,
nitidior. Caput omnino idem, oculis tamen minoribus minus
exstantibus. Thorax antice magis rotundatus, angulis anticis

«

magis prominentibus acutiusculis, postice levissime rctractus,
angulis posticis obtusis, subrotundatis ; margine lato deprcsso
antice evanescente, leviter reflexo (in C. gregario piano;) linea
longitudinali fere obliterate, impressione transversa anteriore
valde angulata, posteriore recta, ambabus indistinctis, basalibus
nullis; antice valde convexus, disco medio leviter convexus, ver-
sus basin subdepressus. Elytra subparallela, leviter convexa,
Btriia paulo profundioribus quam in C. gregario, tertio punctis 3
majusculis. Long. '44 lat. '17. Habitat in Ueorgia rarissime.

Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera. 217

2. gregarius. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat ubique.

PRISTODACTYLA. Dej.

1. impimctata. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. (Fe-

ronia.)
americana. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis me-
diis rarius.

2. *corvina.

am eric anus. Le Conte loc. cit. sup. (Pristonychus.)

Angustior nigra nitida; thorace subquadrato, postice

leviter deplanato, elytris profunde striatis, punctis tri-

bus hnpressis, antennis pedibusquc rujls. Long. *43

lat. *15. Habitat in Georgia rarissime.

Angustior, nigra nitida. Caput subtriangulare oculis parvis

vix prominulis, laeve, irapressionibus frontalibus subrotundatis ;

antenna?, palpique run. Thorax subquadratus, antice leviter

emarginatus, vix angustatus, lateribus modice rotundatus, angu-

lis posticis obtusis, basi utrinque obliquo, medio recto ; modice

convexus, versus basin leviter depressus, rugulis|indistinctis trans-

versis medio notatus ; pone medium margine angusto, reflexo,

versis basin crescente ; impressione transversa anteriore nulla,

posteriore recta, distincta, linea longitudinali utrinque paulo ab-

breviata, basalibus subrotundatis, profundis, subtiliter rugosis,

striola brevi longitudinali signatis. Elytra subparallela apice

rotundata, profunde striata, interstitio tertio punctis 3 validiori-

bus. Pedes cum coxis saturate run.

Obs. — A P. impunctata forma angustiore, thorace antice non
angustato, postice subdepresso ; punctorum necnon serie ely-
trali marginali minus profunda differt.

3. * ad Vena. Nigra nitida subdepressa, thorace subquadrato,

postice subangustato, impressionibus profundis, elytris
striatis punctis duobus impressis. antennis pedibusquc
piceo-brunneis. Long. '39, lat. .145. Habitat prope
fines Aquilones a Dom. Brevoort amicissime data.

218 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera.

Habitus fere Anchomenorum quorundam, sed ad hoc genus
recte pertinet. Nigra, nitida, subdepressa. Caput subtriangu-
lare, postice retractum, oculis magis exstantibus, laeve impres-
sionibus frontalibus parvis, subrotundatis ; antennae piceae, arti-
culo prime- cum palpis rufo-piceis. Thorax subquadratus antice
leviter emarginatus, vix angustatus, angulis anticis deflexis, late-
ribus subleviter rotundatus, postice subangustatus, basi medio late
recto, ad latera paulo obliquo, angulis posticis valde obtusis leviter
rotundatis ; margine pone medium valde reflexo, versus basin levi-
ter crescente ; disco antice modiceconvexus, postice subdepressus,
laevissimus ; linea longitudinali tenui valde impressa, utrinque
abbreviata, impressione transversa anteriore valde angulata, pos-
teriore recta, ambabus profundis, basabbus profundis, antice ad
medium fere obsolete prolongatis, ad basin striola brevissima
notatis. Elytra subplana, tborace sesqui latiora, apice rotun-
data, profunde tenuiter striata, interstitio tertio punctis 2 prope
6triam secundam, lmo ad medium, 2nda paulo pone dodrantem.
Pedes piceo-brunnei.

Optime haec species Pristodactylam cum Pristonycho conjun-
git.

RHADINE. gen. nov.

Corpus gracillimum, medio profunde constrictum, abdomine
brevilatiusculo, supra depressum.subtusconvexum.

Caput rliomboideum ore acuto, pone oculos valde retractum.

Labrum planum, latitudine non brevius, lateribus rectis, antice
emarginatum.

Oculi mediocres, prominuli.

Mentum lateribus leviter rotundatum, antice profunde emargi-
natum, dente valido sirnplici instructum ; angulis
anticis acutis porrcctis.

Palpi subelongati filiformes, articulo ultimo leviter ovali, max-
ilhuium extcrnorum penultimo sequante, apice trun-
cato ; labialium penultimo sesijui breviore, apice
vix truncato, fere rotundato.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 219

Antenna elongatae, setaceae, articulo primo crassiore ; 2n<lo <J U -
plo breviore tenuioreque; 3io valde elongato, sequen-
tes duos longitudine aequante ; 4to sequentibus
paulo longiore, reliquis longitudine sensim descres-
centibus, ultimo apice acuminato.
Thorax capite paulo latior, postice valde retractus, ab elytrie

remotus, cordatus.
Elytra breviuscula, ovalia, apice oblique profunde sinuatim iuici-

sa; connata.
Pedes valde elongati, tibiae spinulosae ; tarsi graciles, postici
valde elongati, articulo omnium l 1 " elongato, se-
quentibus tribus longitudine aequaliter descrescenti-
bus, ultimo praecedentes duos aequante ; ungues
simplices.
Prosternum postice prominens, compressum.

O^s. — Genus Platynum appropiuquat, sedantennarumlabiique
structura ei abhorret. Antennarum articulo tertio elongato cum
Sphodro convenit, cui tamen dens labialis blfidus.
1. *larvalis. Pallide rufo-picea, nitidissima ; tJiorace cordato,
postice valde angustato, margine lato rejlexo, clytris
ohsoletissime sti'iatis, margine valde rejlexo. Long.
•41, lat. -15. Habitat in vicinia urbis St. Louis : a
Dom. Encrelman benevolo datus.
Insectum insigne. Tota dilute rufo-picea, nitidissima. Caput
laeve, linea transversa inter antennas, impressioneque parva an-
tica incurva notatum : impressionibus frontalibus, latis leviter
rugosis, linea longitudinali obliqua impressis. Thorax cordatus,
capite paulo latior, latitudine summa longior, antice profunde
emarginatus, angulis anticis rotundatis, lateribus usque ad me-
dium valde rotundatus, dein recte retractus, basi latitudinis
summae dimidium aequante, leviter emarginato ; margine toto
lato valde reflexo, versus basin cresccnte, et toti basis trien-
tem aequante, angulis posticis valde elevatis, obtusis, dcnte minu-
to prominulo instructis : disco planus, impressione transversa
anteriore fere nulla, posteriore profunda, antice acute angulata,

220 Catalogue of the Gcodcpliagous Colcoptcra.

Ilnea longitudinal] fortissimo impressa, basalibus lincaribus, lon-
gis, obliquis. Scutellum minutum apice acutum. Elytra basi
angustissima, a thorace pedicello brevi rcmota, ovalia, thorace
sesqui latiora, latitudine summa vix duplo longiora, apice pro-
funde sinuato-incisa, margine acute reflexo et elevato, pone qua-
drantem latiorc. cum plica acuta basali elevata conncxo ; obso-
letissime striata, striis externis bic illic obsolete punctatis, serie
punctorum marginali valde profunda.

PLATYNUS.

1. Crytliropus. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ill provincial Nov-

Eboraci parte occidentali.

2. angll Status. Dej. ibid. Habitat cum priore.

ANC HOME NITS. Bon.

1. d e c c n t i s (d e c c n S.) Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.
gag ates. Mels. Cat.; Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique.

2. *COracillUS. Aptcms, niger,nitidw; thorace subquadrato,

posticc rctracto, basi punctato, chjtris 2 } i'°fundissime
striatis. Long. -57, lat. "215. Habitat NovEboraci
rarissime.
Habitus omnino precedents, multo major : thorace tamen
posticc paulo magis rctracto, impressionibus omnibus profundus,
margine reflexo ; minus convexo, basi toto confertissime subtil-
ius punctato, punctis fere ad medium Tersus latera extendenti-
bus. In A. decente autem thoracis basis sparse subtilissimi
punctatus est. Elytra profundissime striata, striis impunctatia
interstitiis angustis, valde convexis, tertio punctis 3 parvis.

3. ginuatUS. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat NovEboraci. Thorace

latiorc quam in A. decente, antice minus rotundato,
sed magis ampliato, postice multo minus retracto,
basi toto confertim subtilius punctato, sed punctie
antice noo extendentibus, Bicut in A coracino ; im-

Catalogue of the Geodepkagous Coleoptcra. 221

pressionibus basalibus brevioribus facile dignosci
potest species haecce. Elytra profundius quam in
A. dccente striata, striis obsoletissime subtilissime
punctatis.

4. depresSUS. Hakleman Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phila.
n tg € r r i in U S . Dej. Cat. Habitat NovEboraci.

Praecedentibus simillimus, paulo depression Ca-
put impressionibus frontalibus minoribus, profundior-
ibus. Thorax fere sicut in A. decente ; postice ta-
men minus retractus, minus convexus, margine tcnui
reflexo picescente; impressionibus profundis, basali-
bus brevioribus, confertim minus subtiliter punctatis :
disco indistincte rugosus. Elytra profundius stria-
ta striis leviter punctatis, interstitiis leviter convexis.
tertio punctis 3 majusculis.

5. COrvinilS. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis australibus.

a. Supra nigro-piceus, subtus rufo-piceus, pedibus paulo di-
lutioribus.

6. deplanatus. Chaudoir. Bull, de Mqscou,
marginalis. Haldeman. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I. A

prascedente vix differt, thorace paulo breviore, pos-
tice minus retracto, elytris planioribus, antice magis
emarginatis, postice magis oblique, minus profunde
sinuatis, aegre cognoscendus. Dubitandum est nc
species Haldemaniana ad banc, vel ad scquentem
speciem referri debeat ; specimen tamen ab ei recep-
tum ad banc speciem rite pertinet.

7. * ill a r 2' i 11 a t U S. Depressus, niger, nitidus, thorace marg.

piceo late reflexo, elytris striatis punctis 3-minoril
Long. -42,lat. -1L3. Habitat NovEboraci rarii
Depressus, nigcr, nitidus ; antenna, nigrae, pedes picei. Caput
laeve, impressionibus profundis. Thorax capite sesqui Iatiore,
latitudine summa paulo brevior, subquadratus, antice emargina-
tus, angulis anticis subporrectis, apice rotundatis, lateribus usque

222 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptcra.

ad medium ampliatis, non rotundatis, ad medium rotundato a»-
gulatis, dein retractis, latitudiuc basali apicalem aequante, mar-
gine toto lato valde reflcxo, piceo; disco modice deplanatus,
laevis ; impressionibus omnibus satis profundus, linca longitudi-
nali tenui. Elytra depressiuscula, versus apicem leviter sinuata,
striata, interstitiis modice convexis, tertio punctis 3 minoribus.

8. * t C 11 U ic ol 1 i S. Gracilis; dejrressus, niger, nitidus, tkarace
marginc rejlexo piceo, ehjtris tcnuiter striatis, punctis
trihus minoribus. Long. "38, lat. "135. Habitat ad
cataractam Sancta3 Maria?, (Sault de Ste. Marie.)
Gracilis, angustus, depress us, niger, nitidus. Antenna: fere cor-
poris longitudine, attenuate, nigra?, articulis 3 glabris. Palpi
nigri, apice picei. Caput elongatum. Thorax capite vix latior,
latitudiuc non longior, subquadratus, antice emarginatus angulis
obtusis, lateribus leviter rotundato-ampliatis, po.stice retractis,
latitudine basali apicali paulo minore ; margine toto laterali late
reflexo, piceo ; disco modice convexus, kevissimus ; impressioni-
bus transversis valde profundis, anteriore medio acute angulata,
linea longitudinali fortitcr impress a, basalibus elongatis, non pro-
fundis. Elytra thorace vixsesqui latiora, elongata, subdepressa,
subparallela, apice sinuata, tcnuiter satis profunde striata, striis
obsoletissime punctatis, interstitiis fere planis, tertio punctis '■'•
minoribus.

;>. elongatulus. Dej. Sp. Gen.

obscuvdtus. Chaudoir. Bull, de Moscou. Deacripdo ad
feminam pertinet, descriptio autem Dejeaniana ad
marem. Habitat in provinciis australibua et Nov-
Eboraci.

10. e Xtensic Ollis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat

ubiqiir.

var. L c C o it I ( i . I>ij. Cat. ; LeConte,loc. cit. sup.

11. *viri(lis. Subcyaneo-viridis nitidus, thorace hasi subtiliter

punctata, elytru striatis, instertitiis planis, tertio pane

Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera. 223

tis duobus majusculis, antennarnm articulis tribus,
palpis pedibusquc ferrugineis. Long - 39, lat. "15.
Habitat in Indiana ad flumen Ohio.
Depressiusculus, subcyaneo-viridis, nitidns. Antenna fuscae,
articulis 3 primis testaceo-ferrugineis. Palpi testacei, labrum
piceum. Caput laeve, impressionibus parvis. Thorax capite
paulo latior, latitudinc summa paulo longior, subquadratus, antice
vix emarginatus, angulis anticis subacutis, lateribus leviter rotun-
datis, pone medium retractis, basi apicc angustiore, angulis pos-
ticis obtusis, valde rotundatis, margine non reflcxo ; disco antice
modice convexus, basi toto dense minus subtiliter punctatus ; im-
pressionibus transversis inconspicuis, linea longitudinal] integra,
profunda, basalibus profundis, linea brevi basali indistincta nota-
tis, antice obsoletissime prolongatis. Elytra striata, striis subtil-
iter punctatis, interstitiis latis, accurate planis, tertio punctis 2
pone medium. Subtus niger, pedes cum coxis ferruginei.

12. dec OF US. Say. Trans. Am. Phil- Soc.

a Thorace rufo, laevissimo, elytrorum striis leviter pnncta-
tis, interstitiis obsoletissime punctatis fere laevibus.

Anchomenus thoracictis. Dej.Sp.Gen.

/S Thorace rufo, laevissimo, elytrorum striis impnnctatis, in-
terstitiis subtilius punctatis.

y Thorace rufo, ad latera levissime sparse punctato, elytro-
rum striis impunctatis, interstitiis evidenter densius
punctatis.

$ Thorace rufo viridi-aereo obscurato, ad latera levissime
sparse punctato : elytris laete viridibus, sicut in (y)
notatis.

t Thorace obscure viridi, ad latera sparse levissime punc-
tato : elytris sicut in ('/).
Species ad libitum varians ; habitat unique; varietates has
omnes ad lacus Onondaga littora iriveni.

13. * obscUl'llS. Obscure ccnru.s, thorace deplanato, ad latera

obsolete punctato, elytris striatis, interstitiis punctatis,

224 Catalogue of the Gcodcpliagous Colcoptcra.

tertio punctis 6 majusculis, antcnnarum basi, pcJibus-
ij/ic obscure fcmigi in is. Long. "34, lat. *14. Habitat
ad lacum Onondaga.
Varietatem (e) prioris maxime refert Antenna piceo-nigrae,
articulo primo ferrugineo. Palpi picei. ( -aput antice attenua-
tum, postice subtilitcr punctulatuin, impressionibus frontalibus
linearibus, profundis, cum oculorum margine conflucntibus. Tho-
rax capite Besqui latior, latitudine summa vix brevior, subquad-
ratus, antice lcviter emarginatus, angulis anticis obtusis leviter
rotund at is, lateribus modice rotundatis ct ampliatis, posticc levi-
ter retractus, latitudine basali apicalem sequante; subdeprcssus,
ad latcra postice parce subtilius punctatus; impressionibus trans-
versis inconspicuis, linea longitudinal! tenui, postice abbreviata,
basalibus subobliquis - , antice minus profundis, linea brevi basali
notatis : carina brcvissima ad angulum posteriorem, acujus dilata-
tione eminentia parva oritur. Elytra obscure aenea, viridi mar-
ginal;!, it nuitur profunda striata, Btriis impunctatis, intcrstitiis
levissime convexis, tertio punctis (> vel 7 sicut in A. dccoro
positis. Subtus nigro-virescens ; pedes jiicei.

AGONUM. Bon.

1. O C t O J) 11 11 C t a 1 11 111 . Fabr. Syst. Eleutb. Habitat ubique.

2. erY thropiim. Kirliy-Ric^liardson. Fauna Bor.Am. Hab-

itat ad Mississippi Bcaturigines et ad Rocky Moun-
tains.

3. on* a lis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat ad Rocky

Mountains rarius.

4. c u pr i i> e n m e. Say. ibid.

for m o> u m . St unn Cat.
metallicum. Mela. Cat. Habitat ubique.

5. * <• li ;i I c (> m ni . Robustius, supra ameum nitidum, elytria tho-

racc nun latioribus, striatis, intcrstitiis plants, tertio

Catalogue of the Geodcphagous Coleoptera. 225

punctis 3 impressis. Long. "335, lat. "13. Hab-
itat ad Lacum Superiorem.
Robustius, aeneo-nigrum, supra aeneum, nitidum. Caput laeve,
antice obtusum, impressionibus non profundis. Antenna; et palpi
toti nigri. Thorax capite plus sesqui latior, latitudine summa
paulo brevior, antice profunda emarginatus, angulis posticis oV
tusissimis valde rotund atis, basi medio leviter emarginato, mar-
gine lateral! pone medium anguste reilexo : disco leviter convcxus ;
impressionibus transversis inconspicuis, postcriore profundiore,
linealongitudinali tenuissima, integra,basalibus modice profundis,
antice obsolete prolongatis, punctis paucis indistinctis, lineaque
basali externe recurva notatis. Elytra thorace nun laaora, npice
vix sinuata, striata, striis laevissimis, interstitiis accurate planis,
tertio punctis 3 majusculis.

6. nitidlillim. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ad lacum Sabulosam

prope Mississippi scaturigines.

7. Cliprcum. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ad Cataractam Sanctaj

Maiiee.

8. melanariu m . Dej. Sp. Gen.

coll are. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Sue. N. S. Vol. IV.

(Anchomenus.)
lil (I U V U in. Flald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phila.
p till (it U Hi . Sturm. Cat. Habitat ubique.

9. Ql O e TC11S. Dej. ibid. Habitat NovEboraci rarius.

10. Harrisii. Nigrum, nitidum, thorace subquadrato, antice

leviter angusiato, angulis posticis rotundatis, elytris
tcnuiter striatis, striis obaoletissime punctatis, punctis-
que 3 impressis. Long. • 1, lat. ■ 1 7. Habitat in Mas-
sachusetts, a Dom Harris tectum.
Praecedenti simi'limum ; paulo major, thorace latiore. Totum
nigrum, nitidum : caput, impressionibus frontalibus ad oculorum
margin em prolongatis, tenuibus. Thorax capite duplo latior,
latitudine summa paulo brevior, subquadratus, antice leviter

226 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera.

ann-ustntus latcribus valde, basi leviter rotuiulatus, angulis pos-
ticis obtusis, modice rotundatis; disco vix convexus, transversim
leviter rugosus : impressionibus transversis debilibus, anteriore
angulata, paulo distinction, linea longitudinali utrinque abbrevi-
ata, satis profunda, basalibus magnis, rotundatis, non profundis,
punctis paucis impressis. Elytra thorace latiora, subparallela
apice rotundata, levissimc sinuata ; striata, striis obsoletissime
punctatis; interstitiis Lcvissime convexis, tertio punctis 3 im-
pressis.

A pnecede ite differt thorace latiorc antice magis angustato,
latcribus basique minus rotundatis, angulis posticis minus rotun-
datis ; striis elytrorum inconspicue punctatis, interstitiis minus
planatis.

11. niorosum. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique.

12. *pic6lim. Rufo-piceum, nitidum, capitc thoraccquc ohscuriore,

hoc subquadrato, angulis post ids obtusis, rotundatis,

elytris prqfunde striatic, punctisque 3 impressis. Long.

•2S lat. -12, Massachusetts: a Dom. Harris bencvole

datum.
Agonum piccum. Harris Cat.

Rufo-piccum nitidum, capite, thorace, antennis, palpisque ob-
scurioribus. Caput rhomboideum, rugulia paucis inter impres-
Biones frontales et oculos. Thorax caj)ite fere duplo latior,
latitudine Bumma paulo brevior, aubquadratus, antice paulo an-
gustatus, latcribus valde rotundatus, basi parum rotundatus, angu-
lis posticis valde obtusis, apice leviter rotundatis ; disco subplan us,
leviter rugosus ; margine versus angulos posticos indistincte de-
prcsso; impressionibus transversis distinctis, linea longitudinali
Integra, basalibus latis, non profundia, subtilius rugosis, eminen-
tia parva obsoletisaima adangulum. "Elytra thorace fere Besqui
latiora, transversim modice convexa, apice rotundata, vix sinuata ,
profunde Btriata, interstitiis modice convexis, tertio punctis .'{
impressis, duobua posticis ad striam Becundam sitis. Subtua
totnin rufo-piceum.

Catalogue of the Geodcphagous Colcoptcra. 227

13. nutans. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

femoratum. Mels. Cat.; Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in pro
vinciis occidentalibus et ad Rocky Mountains.

14. *basale. JEneo-nigrum, supra (tneum nitidum, thorace

subvircsccnte, elytris prqfunde striatis, punctisaue 3

minoribus, antcnnarum articulo primo, pcdibusquc fer-

rugineis. Long. -30, lat. "115. Habitat ad Rocky

Mountains ra'rius.

Gracile, aeneo-nigrum, supra jencum, nitidum. Palpi nigri,

antennae nigra?, articulo primo ferrugineo. Caput antice angus-

tum, impressionibus frontalibus linearibus, profundis. Thorax

capite paulo latior, latitudine summa vix longior, antice vix

emarginatus, angnlis defiVxis, lateribus rotundatus, leviter ampli-

atus, postice retractus, latitudine basali apicali vix angustior, basi

utrinque obliquo, angulis posticis obtusis, valde rotundatis ; disco

convexus, laevis ; impressionibus transversis modice distinctis,

linealongitudinali postice paulo abbreviata, basalibus sat magnis,

profundis, toto cum basi subtilius minus dense punctatis, purpu-

reo-micantibus ; tuberculo parvo ad angulum thoracis extimum

inconspicuo. Elytra profunde striata, interstitiis convexis, tertio

punctis 3 minoribus. Pedes cum coxis ferruginei.

15. excavatum. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique rarius.

16. Striatopunctatum. Dej. ibid. Habitat in provinces

australibus rarius.

17. acrugillOSUm. Dej. ibid. Habitat ubique rarius.

18. p 1 a C i d U m . Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat ad la-

cum Superiorem communius, NovEboracum rarius.
Trochanteres antici et intcrmedii plerumque picei, raro ob-
scure rubri; thorax latus, ita ut transversus fere videtur; elytra
tenuiter striata, interstitio ter'.io punctis 3 vel 4 minoribus.

19. b C 111 b i d i O i d C S . Kirdy loc. cit. sup. (Sericoda.)
Insectum hoc a eel. Dom. Kirby sub nomine Sericoda bembi-

dioide descriptum, in hoc genere rite adscribendum est. In spe-

228 Udogue of the Geodephagotu Colcoptera.

eimine Kirbyano, dod solum descriptione, see etiam icone accu-
ral. • inspecta, palpus maxillaris (a Kirbyo 5-articulatus habitus)
mutilatus videtur. Specimina quatuor, qu83 ad Lacum Superio-
ic!:] obtinui, cbaracteribus omnibus* bujus generis gaudent.

20. ferreum. Haldeman. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Phila.

Yiriih sa nti -nigrum, nit id um , elytris profunde striatis,

striis antice crenatis, antennarum basi, tibiis tarsisque

fcrruginco-jnillidis. Long. -30, lat. "125. Habitat

NovEboraci rarius.

\ igro-virescens nitidum. Antenna, nigrae, articulis tribua pri-

mis ferrugiueis. Palpi picei. Caput laeve, impressionibus line-

aribus, profundis, curvatis. Thorax subrotundatus, latitudine

suinma vix longior, postice leviter retractus, angulis posticis ob-

lusis, rotund atis, basi levissime emarginato; disco modice con-

vexus, basi toto dense minus subtilitcr punctatus : ii ioni-

bus transversis distinctis Bed non profundis, linea longitudinal]

bi-ni- notata, antice paulo abbreviata, basalibus valde profundis.

Elytra convexa, apice levitei siuuata; profunde striata, striis

antice crenatis, postice impunctatis, minus profundis ; interstitiis

convexis. Femora nigro-picea, tibia el tarn ferrugineo-pallidk

21. * retract 11 in . Nigrum, nitidum, thorace subrotundato, pas-

tier retracto, margine laterali postice reflexo, elytris
profunde striatis, punctis tribus impressis, antenna-
rum basi, pedibttsque ferrugineis. Lon "255, lat.
'1')."). Ilaliiiat ad Lacum Superiorem rarius.
Gracile, nigrum, nitidum. Autumn- fuscae, basi ferruginae.
Cdjiut laeve, impressionibus linearibus, cum oculorum margine
confluentibus. Thorax latitudine sum ma \i\ loncrior. subrotun-

■

datus, antice emarginatus, angulis anticis <>l>iu-is, lateribus ro-
tundatus, pone medium leviter retractus, angulis posticis obtusis
valde rotundatis, latitudine basal i apicali minore; margine late-
ral!, pone medium tenuiter reflexo; disco leviter convexusj im-
pre none transversa anteriore vix conspicua, posteriore recta;
basalibus longis, linearibus, satis Lmprcssis. Elytra latiuscula,

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptcra. 229

apice vix sinuata, profunde striata, striis omnino laevibus, inter-
stitiis motlice convexis, tertio punctis 3 minoribus. Pedes cum
coxis rufo-ferrugineis.

22. * d e c i p i e n s .

afjilie. Dej. Cat. Nigrum subviresccns, thorace postice

levissime rctracto, impressionibus basalibus fovcolifor-

mibus, ehjtris tenuiter profunde striatls, punctis quin-

que imprcssis, pcdibus dilute ])iccis. Long. *27, lat.

•11. Habitat in Georgia rarius.

Nigrum, subvirescens, nitidum. Antcnnce omnino nigra?, palpi

picei. Caput laave, impressionibus linearibus, cum oculorum

margine confluentibus. Thorax subrotundatus, antice vix emar-

ginatus, postice subangustatus, angulis anticis deflexis, posticis

valde obtusis, rotundatisque, latitudine basali apicali minore ;

disco convexus, impressionibus transversis levibus, posteriore

evidentiore, linea longitudinali integra, profunda, basalibus ro-

tundatis, profundis, linea brevissima ad basin non extendente

notatis. Elytra tenuiter profunde striata, striis antice leviter

punctulatis, interstitiis levissime convexis, tertio punctis 5 im-

pressis. Pedes dilute picei.

23. lenum. Dej. Sp. Gen.

var.picipenne. Kirby. loc. cit. sup. Habitat ad Lacum
Superiorem.

24. S O r d e n S. Kirby. ibid. Habitat cum priore.

25. *nigriceps. Elongatum, testaceum, capite nigro, thorace

medio fusco-vittato , ehjtris subtil ius minus profunde
striatis. Long. '25, lat. *10. Habitat ad Lacum
Superiorem rarius.
Elongatum, depressum, habitu fere Demettiaa cujusdam, tes-
taceum, sub-nitidum. Antennas fuscae basi testaceae. Caput su-
pra et subtus nigro-virescens, impressionibus postice coeuntibus.
Palpi fen uginei, apice picei. Thorax subquadratus, latitudine
6umma longior, antice et postice truncatus, lateribus leviter ro-
tundatis, angulis posticis obtusis rotundatis ; deplanatus, subtili-

230 Catalogue of the Geodepha^ovs Coleoptcra

ter transverse rugosos, tcstaceus, medio vitta lata fuscescente ;
impressionibus transversis distinctis, linea lon^itudinali tenuis-
8ima. antice abbreviata, basalibus vix conspicuis. Elytra apice
vix sinuata. Bubtiliter minus profunde striata, stria suturali pro-
iundinn ; pallide testacea, sutura leviter infuscata.

26. luctuosuiii. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique : variat ni-

gro-piceum, pedibus rufo-piccis.

27. p 11 net ifo I* 111 C. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat

ubique rarius.
r lift pes. Dej. Sp. Gen.

28. 1 i 111 1) 11 til 111. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

pall i ill ll ill . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis mediis
rarius, ct in australibus.

OLISTIIOPUS. Dej.

1. DAT mat US. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol.11. (Fcronia.)

Habitat in provinciis mediis, et occidcntalibus rarius.

2. * 111 i C a n S . Piccus, nitidus, tkoracc rotundato, antice cmargi-

nato, dytris cyaneo-micantihus, tcnuitcr striatis, punc-
tis 3 impressis, antehnarum ba.si pedibusquc testaceis.
Long. -19, lat. -09. Habitat in Georgia rarissime.
Piceus, nitidus. Antenna ba.si pallida, palpi picei apice tes-
tacei. Caput latum, antice subacutnm, impressionibus vix dis-
tinctis ; puncto majusculo ad oculbrum marginem superiorem.
Tlmra.r latitudine sununa scsqui fere bievior, antice emargina-
tus, lateribua tiitn basi valde rotundatis, angiitis posticis fere
nullis ; disco levissime convexus ; impressionibus transversis
fete obliterans, lim-a lon'jfitudinali profunda, basalibus parvis, ro-
tundatis, vix conspicuis. Wljtta rotundata, apice fere truncata,
ftiorace latibra, latitudine summa vix sdsqui Ibngiorfe, teriuiter
striata, tenia p'unctia '■'> majusculis, ihferstitiis plariissirilts ; picea,
ibargino dilution!, cyaneo-micanlia. Epiplcurat, / rdrsque tcs-
tacei.

Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera, 231

PLATYDERUS. Stephens.
U ery thro pus. Dej. (Feronia) Sp. Gen.

nit id US. Kirby. F. B.-A. Vol. IV. Habitat ubique ran-
us ; mento late dentato, dente brevissimo, obtuse
emarginato ab Argutore distinguendus.

PCECILUS. Bon.

1. chalcites. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Habitat ubique

satis commune.

2. *cyaneus. Cyaneus, elytris nitore viridi micantibus, tho~

race basi utrinque bistriato, stria exteriore breviore,
elytris prqfunde striatis, stria tertia punctis duobus
majusculis, anlennis pedibusque nigris. Long. - 445,
lat. -18. Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.
Cyaneus, nitidus, elytris nitore viridi micantibus. Antennae
nigra?, articulis duobus primis subtus piceis. Palpi nigri. Ca-
put parum convexum, oculis minusculis vix exstautibus, lseve,
impressionibus frontalibus levibus, linearibus, brevibus. Thorax
capite duplo fere latior, latitudine summa sesqui fere brevior,
subquadratus, antice leviter angustatus, vix emarginatus, angulis
anticis deflexis, lateribus valde rotundatis ; modice convexus,
postice subdepressus ; impressionibus transversis inconspicuis,
linea longitudinali tenui, integra ; basalibus geminis, linearibus,
profundis, exteriore angulo approximata, breviore, basi toto lae-
vissimo. Elytra subparallela. parum convexa, profunde striata,
striis leviter punctatis, striola inter primam et secundam postice
valde abbreviata, cum prima non confluente, interstitiis subplanis
tertio punctis 2 majusculis pone medium sitis. Subtus niger,
nitidus.

Obs. — P. clialciti simillimus, thorace tamen postice retracto,
basi impunctato, interstitiis elytralibus planiusculis, striis minus
punctatis, antennarumque basi nigro-piceo facile distinguendus.

:3. lucublandus. Say. loc cit. sup.

Abundat ubique. Species ad libitum varians, non modo colore,

232 Catalogue of the Gcodcphagous Colcoptera.

aeneo, viridiaeneo, vel nigro, sed etiam thoracis basis punctatione,
quae saepe vix conspicua est; pedes nonunquam castanei sunt.
Semper tamen antennarum articuli tres basales ferruginei, et
palpi picei adsunt.

4. * (1 i 1 a t a 1 11 S . Latiot; minus convcxus, cenco-viresccns, tJioracc
basi subtilius punclato, latcribus modice dcpresso, ely-
tris angustius striatis, interstitio tertio punctis tribus
minoribics, antennarum articuli* tribus Jerrugineis.
Long. '45, lat. - 20o. Habitat NovEboraei rarissime.
P. lucublando simillimus, multo latior, et minus convexus,
jEneo-virescens, subnitidus. Caput paulo latius, minute punc-
tulatum et rugulosum, impressionibus frontalibus minus profun-
dis, indistinctis. Palpi picei, basi ferruginei. Antennce piceae,
articulis tribus primis ferrugineis. Thorax capite duplo latior,
latitudine summa paulo brcvior, anticc modice angustatus, angu-
lis anticis apice non rotundatis, lateribus valde rotundatus, basi
recte truncatus, angulis posticis obtusis, rotundatis, mafgine
pone medium modice explanato, dcpresso, disco leviter convex-
us, transverse rugulosus; basi m-aesertim ad latera subtilius mi-
nus dense punctata, impressione transversa anteriore angulata,
subindistincta, posteriore nulla, linca longitudinali tenui, integra,
basalibus geminis, linearibus, exteriore brevissima fovcoliformi,
interiore profunda. "Elytra thorace non latiora, subparallela,
Bubdepressa, striis angustioribus, interstitiis planiusculis, tertio
punctis 3 minoribus. Subtus niger, pedes piceo-castanei.
5. castanipes. Kirby. Richardson Fauna Bor. Am.

Habitat ad Rocky Mountains. P. lucublando simillimus, ni-
gro-cyanescens, pedibus, palpis, antennarumque articulis tribui
prii neis; tborace longitudine non latiore, anticc

minus a ribus minus rotundato, an •'■'

tundatis, margiue explanato paulo latiore, impres-
aibus basalibus minus profundis, fere laevibus, dignoscitur.
(,. D1C0 ■ .'. Cya bnitiilus, tliorad , ■ cxplana-

- ■ I obsolete punctata, \ tiimpresso, angu

■ valde '.i/ix, a. ; .

Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera. 233

busque femigineis. Long. '46, lat. 18. Habitat ad

Rocky Mountains.
Nigro-cyanescens, subnitidus. Antenna fuscae, articulis tribus
primis femigineis. Palpi rufo-picei, apice picei. Caput sub-
tilissime rugosum, impressionibus frontalibus parvis, brevissimis,
vix distinctis. Thorax capite duplo latior, latitudine summa vix
brevior, antice leviter emarginatus et angustatus, angulis anticis
valde obtusis, lateribus valde rotundatus,basi parum angustatus,
lateribus postice late deplanatus, basi fere recto, angulis posticis
obtusis, valde rotundatis ; disco modice convexus, basi versus
latera, marginequedepresso minus dense subtilius punctatus ; im-
pressione transversa angulata, vix distincta, posteriore recta, mo-
dice notata, basalibus internis latis, brevibus, non profundis,
ad basin vix distinctis, externis evanescenlibus. Elytra profun-
de striata, striis subtiliter punctatis, interstitiis modice convexis,
tertio punctis 4 impressis. Subtus niger, pedes cum coxis anti-
cis ferruginei, coxae intermedia? et posticag piceo-nigrse.

. COnvexicollis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.

Nigro-virescens, nitidissimus, thorace impressionibus
transversis, basalibus que profundis, his vix punctatis ,
margine laterali tenui deplanato, clytris ameis, striis
leviter punctatis, punctisque tribus impressis ; antenna-
rum basi f err ugineo, palpis pedibusque nigro-piceis.
Long. -35, lat. "14. Habitat ad Cataractam Sanctae
Mariae rarius.
Insectum elegans : supra nigro-virescens, elytris asneis, niti-

dissimis, subtus niger. Antennai obscurae, articulis tribus basa-
libus pallide ferrugineis.^xz^n picei. Caput laeve impressioni-
bus parvis, brevissimis, satis profundis. Thorax capite vix duplo
latior, antice leviter angustatus, profunde emarginatus, angulis
anticis apice non rotundatis, lateribus modice rotundatus, praa-
sertim ante medium, postice levissime retractus, margine angus-
tiusculo, pone medium explanato, basi fere recto, angulis posti-
cis leviter obtusis, apice non rotundatis; disco convexus laevissi-
mus, punctis paucis ad basin indistinctis ; inrpressionibus trans

834 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

versis profundis, linea longitudinal) bene notata, basalibus gemi-
nis profundis, exteriore breviore. Elytra tborace non latiora,
subparallela, amea, nitida ; profunde striata, striisteviter punctatis,
interstitiis modice convex's, tertio punctis 3 majoribus. Pedet
nigro-picei.
8. *ScitulllS. Subelongatus. subdeprcssus, late viridiaineus, vel
purpurcus, nitidissimus ; thorace posticc retracto,
hasi utrinquc bistriato, clytris profunde slriatis, striis
leviter punctatis, j^unctisque duobus ii/iprcssis, antenna-
rum articulis duobus f err ugineis. Long. '315, lat.
•125. Habitat ad fluminis Platte furcationem.
Species lepida. Angustiusculus subdepressus, lsete viridiaeneus,
raro purpureus, nitore viridi micans, nitidissimus. Palpi nigri,
articulo ultimo apice piceo. Antenna piceo-nigrae, articulis duo-
bus primis ferrugineis. Caput majusculum, oculis prominulis,
impressionibus frontalibus linearibus, profundis, externe curvatis.
Thorax capite sesqui latior, latitudine summa vix longior, antice
non angustatus, leviter emarginatus, angulis subdeflexis, lateri-
bus antice valdc rotund atus, postice modice retractus, basi me-
dio levissime emarginatus, angulis posticis rectis, apice non ro-
tundatis : leviter convexus ; impressione transversa anteriore
modice profunda, arcuata, posteriore minus distincta, linea longi-
tudinali utrinquc abbreviata, profunda, basalibus geminis lineari-
bus, profundis, exteriore margini valde approximata, breviore,
interstitio deprcsso, irregulariter striato (sicut in Omaseis pleris-
que. Elytra subparallela, disco planiuscula, profunde striata,
striis leviter punctatis, interstitiis modice convexis, tertio punctis
2 majusculis pone medium sitis. Subtus niger, tarsis piceo-ni-
gris.

OMASEUS. Ziegler.
<2enus anlennis breviusculis, articulo 1"'° ciassiore ; 2ndo ro-
tundato-obconico ; 3io duplo fere longiore sensim, valde clavato ;
4 t( > sesqui breviore, sensim clavato ; reliquis eequalibue, subquad-

Catalogue of the Gcodapliagous Coleoptera. 335

ratis, crassitie sesqui longioribus, leviter compressis, ultimo
paulo longiore, apice acuto : menti dente obtuse emarginato,
distinctum.
1. orinomum. Leach. Kirby. F. B.-A. Vol. IV. Habitat
ad Lacum Superiorem.

ADELOSIA. Stephens.
OMASEUS. p. Dej.

Antennae, bi'eves, crassiusculae, caput cum thorace vix exce-
dentes ; articulo lmo crassiore, cylindrico ; 2nd° brevi, obconico,
crassitie vix longiore : 3io plus duplo longiore, clavato, basi com-
presso ; 4*o sesqui breviore, inferno sinuato, a medio subito cla-
vato ; reliquis aequalibus, subquadratis, crassitie duplo longiori-
bus, modice compressis, ultimo paulo longiore, apice acuto.
Thorax subquadratus, postice angustatus, lateribus brevissime
sinuatis, basi utrinque uniimpressus; elytra stria rudimentali
inter Imam e t 2 n< -lam sita, longa, distincta ; palpi crassiusculi :
mentum dente lato, apice leviter emarginato.

Habitus subdepressus, fere Omasei orinomum : distinctus ta-
men articulo antennarum tertio,

1. muta. Say. Am. Phil. Trans., Vol. III. (Feronia.)
Carb O narl a. Dej. Sp. Gen. Vol. III. (Feronia.)
picicornis . Kirby. F. B.-A. Vol. I V. (Omaseus.) Abun-

dat ubique.

2. Ill or OS a. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat NovEboraci : preecedenti

simillima ; forma paulo angustiore, thorace postice
paulo magis retracto, lateribus postice minus sinua-
tis, basi medio leviter emarginato, aegre cognoscenda.

3. oblongOllOtata. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. IV.

Habitat ad Lacum Superiorem. Omaseo orinomum
simillima ; thorace tamen postice magis retracto, bre-
vissime, levissimeque sinuato ; margine acutius re-
flexo ; elytrisque paulo minus profunde striatis, dis-
tincta.

336 ' Udogue of the GeodepUagous Cohoptcra.

STERE* (CERUS. Kirby.

OMASEUS. p. auctoruni.

Antennas brevi sculae, caput cum tborace vix exce-

dentes; articulo 1™° brevi, crasso, latitudine vix longiore : 2ndo
. . .aide obconico, craseitie paulo longiore; 3i° pri-
mtira longitudine sequante, basi angusto, sensim valde clavato :
paulo brcviore, inferno plus minusve sinuato, apice incras-
sato, clavatoque ; sequentibus sequalibus, arete conjunctis, cras-
Bitie vix. sesqui longioribus, subcomprt ssia ; Labrum breviuecu-
lum; mentum dente longo, apice profunda impresso, non eniar-
ginato. Thorax subquadrattuB, postice retractus, lateribus sinu-
atis, angulo postico recto, carina brevi instructo ; basi utxinque
bistriatus ; elytra stria rudimentali inter primam et secundum
brevissima : Lnterstitio tertio :;-]>imctato.

:. Habitus Bubdepressus, Adelosiae similis.
;. COrvinUS. Dej. Sp. Geo. Habitat ubique.
• . caildicalis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II,

YltgvitCL. Kirby. P. B.— A. Vol. IV. (Omaseus.) Habitat
NovEboraci, el ad Lacum Superiorem : antennarum
articuli, basi paulo magis compressi, latitudinaliter
visi. attenuati videntur, et sic a Sayo descripti simt ;
cum descriptione < >. nigritae Paykulii aegre convenil

.. luctuosus. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat cum priore. S. cau-
dicalem maxime refert, paulo minor, tborace postice
minus retracto, sinuatoque, carina paulo longiore,
impres8ioneque exteriore distinctiore, agnoscendus.
Corpus apterum, subcylindricum, capite magno, Cophosum
referens, tborace lateribus vix rotundatia, postice retractis,
vix Binuatis, carina basali vix coDspicua : mentum dente la
tiore, apice leviter truueato: mandibular elongatae, pon
tee ; elytris interstitio tertio impunctato.
l. gr&ndiceps. Niger nilidus, thorace planituculo, b

biimpreeso, impression* exterior* punctiformi, elytru

Catalogue of the Gcodep/iagous Colcoptera. 337

prqfunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. .550, lat.
•1S5. Habitat NovEboraci rarissime.

Niger, nitidus : caput magnum, antice subacutum, linea trans-
versa tenui inter antennas; impressionibus parvis profundis ;
oculis vix prominulis : lahrum quadratum, planum, piceum ;
palpi rufo-picei ; antenna obscuriores. Thorax capite vix latior,
latitudine suraraa non longior, antice posticeque Lruncatus, late-
ribus vix rotundatis, postice retractis, levissimeque sinuatis, an-
gulis posticis minime rotundatis : disco leviter convexus ; im-
pressione transversa anteriore magna, angulata, medio indistinc-
te duplicata, non profunda: posteriore basi approximata, linea
longitudina'.i utrinque abbrcviata, profunda : basalilms latis,
laevibus, stria leviter recurvata, punctoque oblongo externo no-
tatis, carina obsoletissima inter punctum et marginem. Elytra
tliorace vix latiora, plus duplo longiora, parallela, convexa, pro-
funde striata, striis punctatis, rudimentali vix conspicua.

Feronia rostrata (Newman) banc speciem, appropinquat, et
Forte in hoc genere aclscribenda est : differt tamen striis elytrali
bus impunctatis.

ARGUTOR. Megerle.
Antennae filiformes ; menttim donte obtuso, nonnunquam vix
conspicuo, apice nee impresso, nee emarginato.
§ 1. Tliorace postice retracto ; corpus subcylindricum, sub-con-
vexum.

1. pat rue lis. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciia mediis,

2. bi color. Kirby. F. B.-A. Habitat NovEboraci rarius.

§ 2. Tliorace postice vix retracto; corpus subdepressum,
t pedes rufo-picei.

3. CCleris. Dej. S p. Gen.

COIltam hiatus. Mels. Cat. Habitat ubique rarissime.

4. * p i C i V n t r 1 S . Nigt r n ; lu, , t i orace subauadrato, postu ■

utrinque lineariter impresso, elytris striato puncta\
antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque ryfis. Loifg. '22,
lat. -08. Habitat in Georgia.

33S Catalogue of the Gco<hp7iagous Colcoptcra.

Habitu fi re A. recti at aesqui minor. Niger, nitidus. Antrv
brunnese, haai rufae, palpi rufi. Caput laeve, impressionibus

italibua brevibus, profundioribus. Thorax subquadratus, pos-
M angustatus, amice \ i\ emarginatus, angulis, leviter deflex.-
is. lateribus minus rotundatus, angulis posticia paulo explanatis,
leviter obtusis, apice vix rotundatis; disco leviter convexus,
pnstice subplanus: impressionibus transversis modice distinctis,
linea longitudinali profunda, integra, basalibus linearibus, minus
profundis. Elytra cyaneo-micantia ; profunde striata, stria rudi-
mentali nulla, striis punctatis, interstitiis parum convexis, tertio
puncto impresso. Subtus piceus, pedes dilute rufo-picei.

5. rectus. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. (Feronia.)
VeloX. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique : pedibus nonnun-

quatn piceis variat.

1 1 pedes nigro-picei.

6. agilis. Dej. Sp. Gen.

femoratus. Kirby. P. B.-A. Vol. IV. Habitat ubique.

brevicollis. Niger nitidiasimus, tliorace latiore, antice

i marginato, angulis deflexis, vix rotundatis, lateribus

antice valde rotundato, postice levissime retracto, basi recto,

rulia posticis leviter explanatis, fere rectis, apice non ro-
tundatis; disco antice modice COnvexo, ])ostice Bubplano ;
i ii 1 1 oibus transversis vix distinctis, linea longitudinali

inque paulo abbreviata, basalilms profundis, punctis paucis
notatis j elytrie viridi cyaneoque micantibus, profunda Btriatis,
Btriia Bubtilissime punctatis, interstitiis convexis, tertio puncto
iiii]ii' oj antennarum articulo primo, palpisque ferrugineis,
bis apice piceis: pedibus nigris. Long. "41, lat. '175. Habitat
in ]iio\ inciis austialibus, et NovEboraci rarius.
s. m in of. Chaudoir loc. cit. sup. (Megalostylus.*) Niger niti
dus; tliorace paulo angu tiore quam in pra ccdente, amice le\i-
tec emarginato, angulis anticis deflexis, apice non rotundatis,

" Mcgalostylui, gontu Curculionidum, oonf.Sch5n.Oen.et6p CaroaL Vol. \ I

Catalogue of the Geodcphagous Cohoptera. 339

lateribus modice rotundato, postice levissime angustato, angulis
posticis ohtusis, apicc non rotundatis, modice deplanatis ; disco
vix convexo, postice subplatio; linea longitudinali tenuissima, im-
pressionibus transversis fere obsoletis, posteriore paulo eviden-
tiore ; basalibus latioribus, brevioribus, profundis, punctis nonul-
lis obsoletis : elytris paulo latioribus, convexioribus, subparal-
lelis, lateribus perparum rotundatis, profunde striatis, striis levis-
sime puuetatis, interstitiis modice convexis, tertio puncto im-
presso : antennarum articulis tribus basalibus palpisque ferrugi-
neis, bis apice piceis ; femoribus nigro-piceis, tibiis, tarsisque
brunueis. Long. '355, lat. '15.

Habitat Novi Aureliani a Dom. Guex benevole datus.

9. erratic US. Dej. Sp. Gen. Praecedente paulo angustior,
niger nitidissimus ; tbnrace anlice levissime emarginato, angulis
anticis magis deflexis, lateribus antice modice rotundatis, postice
levissime sinuatis, retractisque, basi fere recto, angulis posticis
accurate rectis, apice non rotundatis, minus explanatis; disco
antice modice convexo, postice subplano ; impressionibus trans-
versis fere obsoletis, posteriore evidentiore, linea longitudinali
profunda, postice abbreviata, basalibus profundis, longioribus,
punctis paucis minus subtilibus notatis, elytris subparallelis
minus convexis, cyaneo micantibus, profunde striatis, striis obso-
letius punctalis, interstitiis vix convexis, tertio puncto impresso;
antennis nigris, articulo primo picescente, palpis brunneo-piceis,
pedibus nigro-piceis, tarsis brunneis. Long. -39, lat. "15. Habitat
in provinciis australibus.

10. * Hit idlllus. Statura omnino praecedentis, niger nitidis-
simus ; thorace latitudinc summa paulo brcviore, antice emargi-
nato, angulis anticis vix deflexis, modice rotundatis, lateribus
rotundato, postice leviter retracto (non sinuato), basi medio levis-
sime emarginato, angulis posticis minus explanatis, obtusis, apice
non rotundatis ; disco antice levissime convexo, postice sub-
plano ; linea longitudinali tenuissima, impressione transversa
anteriore omnino obliterata, posteriore distincta, basalibus longi-
oribus, linearibus, modice profundis, parce minus subtiliter punc-

Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Colei>j>tcra.

talis, elytris cyaneo-micantibus, Bubparallelis, minus convexie,
-nils profundis, impunctatis, interstitiis fere planis, tertio puncto
iiii' : antennis brunneis, basi ferrugin.eis ; palpis ferrugi

oeia : femoribue piceis, tibiis tarsisque obscure ferrugineis.
Long. 37, lat. *14. Habitat in provinciis australibits.
t + t Tliorace rotundato retracto, angulis posticis obtusis ; pedi-
bus saturate runs.
11. lucidulllS. Dej. Sp. Gen. Niger nitidissimus ; tborace
angulis anticis sub-deflexis, vix rotundatis, lateribus valde rotun-
dato, postice Ieviter retracto, angulis posticis obtusis, valde rotun-
datis, impressione transversa anteriore profunda, angulata, linea
longitudinali tenui, antice abbreviata, basalibus profundis, parce
punctatis ; elytris profunde striato-punctatis, cyaneo-micantibus,
interstitiis modice con vexis, tertio puncto impresso; antennarum
basi, palpis. pedibusque ferrugineis. Long. -4S, lat. -18. Habi-
tat in provinciis australibus.

2 laticollis. Chaudoir. Bulletin Soc. Imp. des Nat. de Mos-
cou, No. [V. (Megalostylus). Niger nitidissimus, tborace paulo
latiore, angulis anticis deflexis, rotundatis, lateribus minus rotun-
dato, postice non retracto, angulis posticis minus rotundatis, im-
pr< anteriore margini approximata, vix angulata,

basalibus minus profundis, obsolete parce punctatis, linea longi-
tudinali antice paulo abbreviata, tenui; elytris cyaneo-micanti-
bus, profunde striato-punctatis, interstitiis modice con vexis, tertio
puncto impresso ; antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque ferrugi-
neis; tibiis posticis maris iucurvatis. Long. '44, lat. '175. Hab-
itat in pro\ inciia australibus.

PIESMUS* nov. gen.

Antenna- filiformes ; palpi crassiusculi, articulo pcnultimo basi

attenuato, ultimo cylindrico truncato non longiore, mentum

dente lonj o, obtuso, inti gerrimo, apice Ieviter impresso. Thorax

subquadrat tice retract u . lateribus rotundatis, margine

* K wit£m, premo, q rpore depi

Catalogue, of the Geodcphagous Coleoptera. 341

latiusculo reflexo, basi late impressus. Elytra profunde striata,
stria rudimentali longiuscul a, inter Imam et gudam sita ; apice
rotundata, leviter sinuata. Habitus depressus.

Nota. — Maxillae tenues, elongatse, apice acute incurvatae,
intus sparse ciliatae.
1. sub m a rg i Ha iUS. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. Dej.
Sp. Gen. (Feronia.) Habitat in provinciis australi-
bus.

LYPERUS. Chaudoir.
Antennas filiformes ; palpi tenues, articulo ultimo cylindrico,
minime ovali, prascedente pau^o longiore ; mentum dente magno,
apice late profundeque excavato inflexoque, obtuse emargina-
to. Thorax subquadratus, lateribus rotundatis, postice brevis-
sime sinuatis, leviter retractis : margine reflexo; basi biimpressus,
impressione exteiiore brevissima, punctiformi. Elytra thoracc
pavdo latiora apice rotundata, vix sinuata, stria rudimentali longius-
cula, cum prima confluente, interstitio tertio 3-punctato'. Habitus
depressus.

Nota. — Maxillae latiusculae, apice valde rotundato-incurvntae,
intus dense ciliatae.
1 . * II a 1 d e IB a n 11 i . Depressus, subelongatus, niger nitidus,
ehjlris opaciuscvlis, fere plants, sir lis minus prof uml is.
Long. -87, lat. -31. Habitat in Alabama, a Dom.
Hakleman amice datus.
L. tartaricum maxime refert, sed magis depressus. Caput
omnino sicut in L. tartarico. Thorax postice magis retractus,
lateribus magis sinuatis, angulis posticis accurate rectis, impres-
sione basali paulo profundiore, punctis paucis obsoletis : stria
longiore, postice obliqua ; impressionibus reliquis sicut in L.
tartarico. Elytra fere plana, opaciuscula, apice rotundata, obso-
letissime sinuata, tenuiter profunde striata; striis laevissimis ;
interstitiis vix convexis.
2. tartai'icUS. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. (Feronia.)
COtnplanatuS. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Feronia). Habitat in
provinciis australibus sat frequens.

,iU>iSUt (if the GcodcpJiagous Colcoptcra.

*SCrutator. Niger permtidus; thoracis margine non in.
crassato; elytris paraUelis prqfunde xtriatis, striis

I,, r/ssi/nis, postice minus imprcssis. Long. - G1"2, lat.

■23. Habitat in provinciis australibus.

cedenti Bimillimus, at sesqui minor. Niger pernitidus;

caput omnino Bicut in L. tartarico; Thorax antice paulo latior,

postice magis retractus, lateribus minus subito sinuatis, margine

tice non incrassato ; impressionibus fere sicut in L. tartarico,

basalibue profundioribus, obsolete subtilius punctatis, brevius et

minus profunde Btriatis, spatio inter striam ct marginem rcflex-

iiiu depresso (in L. tartarico convexo). Elytra magis parallels

apice magia sinuata, profunde striata, striis Irevissimis, versus

apicem minus itnpressis, interstitiis leviter convexis.

4. aCUtangulllS. Chaudoir, Bull, tic la Soc. des Nat.de

Moscou, 1S4.'5. Habitat in provinciis occidentalibus.

FERONIA. I. at.

Antennae filiformes, subtenues, articulo I" 10 crassiore, cylin-

dricoj 2 do duplo breviore, subcylindrico ; 3>° sesqui, vel etiam

duplo longiore, apice \i\ clavato ; I'" et sequentibus ei aequali-

lius (iii Vlatysmate \i\ conspicue brevioribus) levissime obconi-

leviter compressis, ultimo paulo longiore, apice subacuto.

Mentum dente lato, longo, versus apicem profunde excavato-im-

apice plus minusve eraarginato. Habitus varius. Palpi

erni articulo penultimo basi attenuato; ultimo nunc paulo

longiore, nunc breviore, in omnibus fere cylindrico, apice rotun-

dato-truncato.

J l. Corpus ovale ; tborace basi elytra aequante, basi utrinque
biimpresso, margine tenui reflexo: elytris stria prima basi
obliqua, unacum secunda oriente.

I;; I \. Bonelli.
1 Btriata, Dei. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis australibus, a
I lorn, i 1 aldeman amice data-

Catalogue of the Geodcphagous Colcoptcra. 343

2. permuilda. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. IV. Hab-

itat ad St. Louis.

3. *quadricollis. Angustior, parallela, tlwrace quadrato,

antice vix angustato, transversim leviter rvgoso, mar-
gine valdc angusto, basi utrinque longe profundeque
bistriato, clytris jtrofundc striatis, striis obsolete punc-
tatis, stria rudimcntali fere nulla, intcrstitio 7 in0 levi-
ter elcvato. Long. -6, lat. *2. Habitat in Pennsyl-
vania, a Dom. Melsheimer benevole data.
F. striola Europas valde refert, sed minor et angustior, tho-
race antice vix angustato, basi impunctato, profunde bistriato,
spatio inter striam exteriorem et marginem elevato, fere carina-
to ; striaque elytrorum abbreviata, obsoletissimaque facile distin-
guenda haec species.

§ 2. Antennis breviusculis, valde compressis, thorace lateribus
valde rotundatis, basi subito constricto, medio leviter emar-
ginato, angulis posticis rectis, minime rotundatis, basi utrin-
que biimpressa, acuteque carinata; elytrorum stria abbre-
viata, inter Imam e t 2"Jam s ita, brevissima, saepe vix eon-
spicua.

MOLOPS. Bonelli.
1 . * Colossus. Nigra nitida, thorace antice paulo angustato,
lateribus valde rotund ato, postice subito constricto, basi
obsolete rugose-punctato, el ytris striato-punctatis, punc-
toque impresso. Long. -77, lat. '28. Habitat in Mis-
souri.
Nigra, nitida; caput breviusculum, linea transversa inter an-
tennas valde profunda ; impressionibus frontalibus linearibus,
profundis, antice paulo abbreviatis. Thorax capite duplo latior,
latitudine paulo brcvior, antice paulo angustato, rotundato-emar-
ginato, angulis subacutis, lateribus valde rotundatis, ad basin
subito constrictis, sinuatisque ; disco minus convexus ; linea anti-
ca arcuata, margini approximata, distincta, impressione anleriore
transversa vix distincta, posteriore modice profunda, linea lono-i-

HI Catalogue of thl Ceodcjthagous Coleoptcra.

tudinali profunda, utrinque abbreviata, basalibus profandis, ru-
e-punctatis, profunde bistriatia, striis Bubaequalibus, interiors
paulo longiore. Elytra ovalia, lateribus leviter rotundatis, pos-
rotundata, vix sinuata, basi profunde impressa, leviter con-
tracta, humeris distinctis ; Btxiato-punctata, striis postice leviori-
bus, stria rudimentali pancdformi, interstitiis levissime convexis.
tertio unijmuctato.

2. * s ll hst r i a t a . Latiuscula, nigra nitida, thoracc postice
valde constricto, impressionibus profundis, impuncta-
tis, exteriore breviore ; elytris tenue striato-punctatis,
striis externis obsoletis. Long. "57, lat. "21. Habitat
ad Rocky Mountains.
Latiuscula ; mandibular profunde striates. Caput linea trans-
versa piofunda, impressionibus frontalibus linearibus, profundis.
Thorax capite vix duplo latior, latitudine brevior, antice vix
emarginatua, lateribus valde rotundatis, postice valde coarctatis,
minus sinuatis; disco minus convexusj impressione anteriore
linea arcuata valde profunda, posteriore valde profunda, linea
longitudinal] forti, amice paulo abbreviata, baaalibua profundis,
impunctatis, linea interiore tonga, curvata, cum exteriore brevi
tice connexa; carina valde abbreviata. Elytra tborace vix
latiora, planiuacula, apice attenuato-rotundata, buraeris satis dis-
tinctia, baai leviter impressa; tenuiter striato-punctata, striis
apicem el ad latera obsoletis, "< m:i el 8va fere obliteratis j
interstitiis planis ; 3io unipunctato. Antenna, palpi, pedesque
picei.

3. CO ii S( ric ta. Nigra nitida, ihoraoe linea transversa antica;
elytris profunde striatis, striis punctatis, punetoque
impresso. Long. '5, lat. '17. Habitat ad Rock}
Mountains.

I', constricta, Say ; Jour. Ac. Nat. Sc, Vol. III.
Prsacedente angustior el convexior. \fandibula Btriatae.
Caput in mare tnajuaculum, in foeraina mediocre, linea Iran
ren tenui, impressionibus frontalibus rectis, profundis, lineari

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 345

bus. Thorax capite maris vix sesqui latior, feminae fere duplo
latior, latitudine paulo brevior, antice vix emavginatus, lateri-
bus magis rotundatis, postice subito magis coarctatus, latitu-
dine basali apicalis dimidium vix aequante ; disco convexiusculus,
transverse leviter rugosus ; impressione transversa anteriore linea
valde profunda, medio obtuse leviter angulata, posteriore valde
impressa, linea longitudinali forti, antice abbreviata, basalibus
omnino sicut in F. substriata. Elytra thorace vix latiora, lati-
tudine sesqui longiora, bumeris rotundatis, satis dislinctis, apice
attenuato-rotundata, basi vix impressa ; profunde striata, striis
distincte punctatis, versus apicem minus profundis ; interstitiis
subplanis, 3i° unipunctato. Palpi, antennae, pedesque picei.

4. * O V i p e n 11 i S. Longhiscula, postice subattenuata, nigra ni-
tida ; thorace linea antica tcnui distincta, later thus
minus rotundato, postice valde coarctato ; elytris
profunde striatis, striis obsolete punctatis, punctoaue
impresso. Long. - 53, lat. '175. Habitat etiam ad
Rocky Mountains.
Praecedente an^ustior : ni"ra, nitida. Mandibuhe striatae.
Caput majusculum, linea transversa tenui, impressionibus fron-
talibus reclis, profundis. Thorax latitudine paulo brevior, cor-
datus, antice vix emarginatus, laleribus paulo minus rotundatis,
postice valde retractis, paulo minus subito sinuatis ; disco con-
vexus, transverse leviter rugosus, impressione transversa anteri-
ore nulla, vel vix conspicua, linea arcuata tenui, margini approxi-
mata, profunda; posteriore profundissima, linea longitudinali
antice abbreviata, valde profunda, basalibus profundis, stria inte-
riore longiore, postice cum exteriore arcuatim connexa. Elytra
ovalia, latitudine plus sesqui longiora, tborace non latiora, versus
apicem subattenuata, bumeris modice distinctis, basi vix impres-
sa ; profunde striata, striis versus apicern minus impressis, in mare
punctatis, in femina fere lyevibus, insterstitiis subplanis, tertio
unipunctato ; antennae, palpi, et pedes picei.

5. *incisa. Longiuscula, nigra nitida, postice subattenuata;

346 Catalogue of the GeodcpJtagous Colcoptera.

(Horace linea tenui antica, basi impunctato, striis brc-
oioribus: elytris humeri* fere nullis, bast profundc
impressis, profunde striatis, interstitio '■'<"< bipunctato.
Long. -51, hit. -16. Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.
Precedent! simillima, nigra nitida. Caput subelongatum,
linea transversa profunda, impressionibus frontalibus rectis, pro-
fundi*. MandibulcB glabrae. Thorax forma omnino sicut in F.
ovipcnni, linea antica tenui arcuata, margini approximata, impres-
siom- transversa posteriorevalde profunda, linea longitudinaliten-
ui, profunda, antice paulo abbreviata, basalibus profundis, laevibus,
fovea oblonga,parva, profunda, striaquebrevi externa notatis, cari-
na brevi acuta. "Elytra elongalo-ovalia, latituduie tboracem vix
sequantia, tboraceduplolongiora, apice rotundato-attenuata, basi
profunde Lmpressa ; ten ue profunda striata, striis versus basin in-
conspicue punctatisdnterstitiis Ieviter convexis, 3»o punctis duo-
bus ; pedes pi< ei.

Variat interstitio •'>;,. sinistra unij unctato.
6. * 1 1 \ a . Picea nitida, thorace postice valde constriclo, lateri-
bua l>n ritrr sinuatis, basi distincte biimpresso, obso-
lete punctate, elytris profunde striatis, striis punc-
tatis; abdomine pedibusque rufo-piccis, Long. "4, bit.
'16. 1 labiiat cum praecedentibus.
Pi ecedente latior, picea, nitida. Mandibular glabrae. Caput
laeve, impressionibus rectis, profundis, Linea transversa minus
ini; Thorax capite ifif duplo latior, latitudine fere sesqui

brevior, lateribus latins rotund atis, postice brevius sinuatis, valde
retractis : disco minus convexus; impressione transversa anteri-
ore vix conspieua, linea arcuata teiiuissima, margin! approxi-
mata. posteriore valde profunda, linea longitudinali profunda,
antice paulo abbreviata, basalibus valde profundis, obsolete
punctatis, distincte bistriatis, striis postice subconnexis; carina
brevissima, acuta. Elytra thorace % i x latiora, ovalia, humeris
valde rotundatis, apice rotuudata, levissime sinuata, basi pro
funde impressa; stiiis tenuibus al profundis, punctatis; inter-
sutiifl planis, tertio unipunctato; Bubtus rufo-picea, antennis pal-
pedibusque dilutioribus.

Catalogue of the Gcodcphagous Coleoptcra. 347

7. * a b d O 111 i 11 a 1 i S . Picea, vel nigro picea, nitida, abdomine

pedibusque dilutioribus ; thorace linea transversa an-
tica nulla : elytris profunde striatis, striaque rudi-
mentali brevi. Long. # 4, lat. # 16. Habitat cum pri-
ori bus.
Praecedentem maxime refert. Picea nitida. Caput fere idem,
linea transversa paulo profundiore. Mandibular glabrae. Tho-
rax paulo angustior, postice minus retractus, lateribus paulo
minus rotundatis; linea transversa anticafere nulla, impressione
transversa anteriore obsoleta, posteriore profunda, linea longitu-
dinali tenui, fere integra, basalibus paulo minus profundis, stria
interiore longa, at minus impressa, postice cum exteriore arcua-
tim connexa. Elytra minus ovalia, humeris satis distinctis,
postice rotundata, leviter sinuata ; profunde striata, striis vix
conspicue punctatis, rudimentali brevi, distincta, inter Imam e t
2ndam s ita ; interstitiis modice convexis, 3i° unipunctato.

Nota. — Species praecedentes summa afRnitate connexae sunt,
et aegre dignoscendae.

8. * C O r a X . Depressiuscula, mgra nitida, thorace lateribus

valde rotundatis, postice brevius sinuatis, impressione
anteriore angulata; elytris profunde striatis, striis
leviter punctatis, rudimentali brevi, punctoque imprcs-
so, interstitio 7 mo basi elevato. Long. *61, lat. *22.
Habitat etiam ad Rocky Mountains.
Nigra nitida, depressiuscula; mandibular obsolete striatae. Ca-
put linea transversa obsoleta, impressionibus frontalibus profun-
dis, brevibus, oculis prominulis. Thorax capite vix sesqui latior,
latitudine paulo brevior, antice emarginatus, angulis anticis sub
acutis, lateribus valde rotundatis, postice brevius sinuatis, coarc-
tatus, angulis posticis accurate rectis; disco minus convexus,
margine tenui reflexo, quam in praecedentibue paulo latiore ;
linea antica transversa tenuissima, margini valde approximata,
impressione transversa anteriore angulata, distincta, posteriore
minus profunda, linea longitudinal! profunda, integra, basalibus
profundis, profunde bistriatis, striis longis, subaequalibus. Elytra

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleojilera.

thorace vix latum, latitudinc scsqui longiora, basi levissime an
• i, bumerifi distinctis, apice rotundata, leviter sinuata, pla*
niuscula; profunde striata, striis leviter punctalis, postice minus
profundis, interstitiis versus basin convexis, 7'"° convexiore basi
paulo elevate, 3"' unipunctato, stria rudimcntali distincta, brevi,
inter Imam et 2»dam sita.

§3. Thorace quadrato-subcordato, tenuiter marginato, lateiibue
rotundatis, postice valde retractis, brevissime sinuatis, angu-
lis posticis rectis, minime rotundatis, basi leviter emargi*
nato, utrinque bistriato, brcvitcrque carinato; elytris stria
rudimcntali brevi, nonnunquam confusa. cum prima juncta,
interstitio 3'Q unipunctato.

VTEROSTICHUS. Bonelli.

': . n r I) at a. Nigra nitida, thorace leviter cordato, basi utrinque
bistriato carinatoque; elytris striaio-punctatis pone
basin dilatatis, punctoque impresso, interstitiis ltv<
7)i< COH I . 685, l;i>. :J6. Habitat in Greor*

Feronia orbata. Newman, Ent. Mag. V6L V.

: a. nitid i. Mandibula striate. Caput Laeve, impression?
frontalibus Linearibus, parallelis, brevibus, profundis; lines
tenuissims ; oculis parvis, modice prominulis. Tho-
capite paulo latior, latitudine Bumma vix brevior, leviter cor
liter marginatus, amice leviter emarginatus, angulis
acutiusculis, rotundatis; lateribue modice rotundatis,
ae medium valde retractis, prope angulos posticos rectos bre
vit. : viter emarginatus ; disco minus convexue :

imj is distinctis, anteriore valde angulata,

inali tenui, fere Integra, basalibus valde profundis,
bistriatis, stria interiors paulo longiore, postice
iore indistincte conne: rina valde distincta. I

maia, l.ad thorace paulo angustiora, pone basin sensim
i.aia. pone medium rotundata, ad apicem leviter sinuata ; an-

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 349

tice planiuscula, postice convexa, striatopu:ictata, striis externe
et postice levioribus, interstitiis leviter convexis, 3io puncto im-
presso; stria rudimentali valde abbreviata.
2. S O (1 a 1 i S . Nigra nitida, tlwrace cordato, basi utrinquc bistriato,
carinatoque, cli/tris striato-punctatis , interstitiis plants
punctoquc imprcsso. Long. '685, lat. '255. Habitat
in Pennsylvania rarius.
Praecedenti proxima, thorace tamen lateribus magis rotundatis,
elytrisque minus profunde striatis, interstitiis planis distincta.

Nigra, nitida. Mandibular striata?. Caput sicut in F. orbata.
Thorax capite latior, latitudine summa paulo brevior, tenuiter
marginatus, antice minus emarginatus, angulis anticis magis ro-
tundatis, lateribus multo magis rotundatis, pone medium magis
retractis, prope basin breviter minusque sinuatis, angulis posti-
cis rectis, minus prominulis, basi leviter emarginatus ; disco
modice convexus ; impressione transversa anteriore vix distinc-
ta, posteriore satis notata, linea longitudinali tenui, profunda,
integra, basalibus valde profundis, obsolete rugosis, bistriatis,
stria interiore paulo longiore, tuberculo parvo externo ad basin,
postice cum exteriore magis distincte arcuatim connexa; carina
valde distincta. Elytra connata, thorace plus dujdo longi-
ora, basi non latiora, pone basin leviter dilatata, postice rotunda-
ta, vix sinuata : planiuscula, tenuiter ^striato-punctata, striis ex-
terne et postice levioribus, interstitiis planis, 3it> puncto impresso ;
stria rudimentali longiuscula.
3. * V a g a n S . Angustior, nigra nitida ; thorace lateribus rotun-
datis, postice retractis vix sinuatis, basi impunctato,
elytris profundius striattSj interstitiis planissimis,
Long. - 6, lat. "21. Habitat in provinciis occidental^
bus.
F. orbata angustior, deprcssior, nigra, nitida. Caput impres-
sionibus frontalibus brevibus, valde profundis, linea transversa
obsoletissima. Thorax capita duplo latior, latitudine paulo
brevior, subquadi atus, vix cordatus, antice leviter emarginatus,
lateribus modice rotundatis, postice retractis, obtuse sinuatis,

350 Catalogue of the Gcodcphagons Colcoptcra.

angulia posticis obtusis, leviter rotundatis; linca arcuata plici-
fonni obsoleta, margini anteriori approximata, imprcssione trans-
versa anteriore indistincta, posteriore Batis profunda, basalibus
rotundatis, profundis, impunctatis, bistriatis, striis postice arcua-
tim connexis. Elytra thorace non latiora, planiuscula, ovalia,
latitudine fere duplo longiora, humeris satis distinctis ; opacius-
cula, profunde striata striis impunctatis versus apicem minus
impressis, interstitiis accurate planis, 7mo prope basin levissime
elevato.

Optimo facit transit! onem ad § 4, ha>c species.

§4. Thorace subquadrato, postice leviter retracto, lateribus ro-
tundatis, margini tenui reflexo, versus basin paulo latiore,
basi utrinque striato, carinaque externa munito.
t Ely tris leviter striato-punctatis, stria abbreviata rudimentali vix
conspicua, inter Imam e t riixlam s ita ; interstitio 3k> unipuncta-
to : habitus ovalis, subelongatus, crassiusculus.
1. her OS. Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. III.

(t in ( ri can a . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habital inprovinciis austra-
libus, e! in Texas : a Dom. Dr. Engelman benevole
data.
•j. > i g i 1 I ;i I a . Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.

vidua. I>'j. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis mediis rarius.
3. * s c \ i in |) r e SSa. Nigra, opaciuscida, thorace subquadrato,
lateribus magis rotundato, basi utrinque triimpresso,
ilijtr'tx jdititiusriilis. Lung. •<;•_>, l;it. •:.'•>. Habitat ail
Rocky Mountains, prope Long's Peak.
Nigra, vix nitida; palpi ipicei : mandibular glabra:. Caput lot-
ii in line scsijui longius, lae ve, impressionibus frontalibus rectis, pro-
fundis, linea transversa tenui, levij uculis parvis prominulis.
Thorax Bubquadratus, antice posticeque truncatus, lateribus valde
rotundatus, postice levissime retractus, angulis posticis leviter
obtusis, apice rotundatis; margine tenui reflexo; disco levitei
convexus ; impressione transversa anteriore valde profunda, lin

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcoptera. 351

eari, arcnata, alteraque ei approximata et parallela indistincta,
posteriore profunda, cum basalibus profundis confusa, linea lon-
gitudinal! profunda, utrinque paulo abbreviata; basi utrinque
tristririata, stria interna brevi oblurua, intermedia longiore, pos-
tice curvata, et cum externa brevi arcuatim obsolete conjuncta,
carina basali brevissima. Elytra thorace non latiora, antice fere
recte truncata, postice leviter sinuata, striis profunde punctatis,
interstitiis planis.
tt Elytris profunde striatis, stria prima basi obliqua ; stria abbrevi-
ata inter Imam e t 2'idam sita, longiuscula; interstitio 3'o bi-
punctato : babitus subelongatus, gracilior.

4. stygica. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II, et Dej. Sp.

Gen. Abundat ubique ; ad speciem banc referenda
est F. rugicollis Haldeman Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I,
specimen thorace rugulis transversisdistinctis obtecto,.
sed non aliter diversum.

5. COracilia. Newman. Ent. Mag. Abundat ad Niagaram,

et in provinciae Ohio parte septentrionali.

§5. Thorace subquadrato, tenuissime marginato, elytris angus-
tiore, postice retracto, angulis posticis obtusis, minime ro-
tundatis, dente minutissimo nonnunquam armatis, basi utrin-
que unistriato, carina nulla : elytris profunde striatis, stria
abbreviata inter Imam e t 2iulam longiuscula; interstitio 3">
bipunctato, vel impunctato. Habitus gracilis.

1. lachryinosa. Newman loc. cit. Habitat in provinces

australibus.

2. inter fector. Newman ibid. Habitat NovEboraci ra-

rius.

3. adoxa. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.

tvistis . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique.

4. fa S t i d i t a . Dej. ibid. Habitat ubique rarius.

§6. Thorace postice valde retracto, lateribus vix rotundato, angu-

35? Catalogue nf the Gcodephagous Coleoptera.

lis posticis obtusis, rotundatis, margine reflcxo, versus basin
paulo latiore ; basi truncato, utrinque late pmfundeque
impresso, estriato ; elytris tborace non latioribus, profunde
striatis, stria abbreviate profunda, cum prima adjuncta,
interstitio 3'° quadripunctato. Habitus gracilis.
1. moosta. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.

SUp€rCitio^S 61. Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol III.
relict a. Newman Ent. Mag. Habitat in Pennsylvania, et
ad Novum Aurelianum. Variat interstitio altero
tripunctato.

§7. Tborace lateribus valde rotundatis, postice retractis, leviter
sinuatis, angulis posticis in (1) rectis, in (2) obtusis, basi le-
viter emarginato, utrinque unistriato; elytris apice sinuato
rotundatis, striis extenais fere obsoletis, stria abbreviate fere
nulla, inter Imam c -t •-'"ilain s ita ; interstitio 3'" unipunctato.
Habitus elongatiusculus.

1. Ullicolor. Say. "Trans. Am. Phil. Sue. Vol. II. Habitat

in Georgia ad montes, a Dom. Ludovico LeConte
led a.

2. BreVOOrti. Suhconvcxa, nigra nitida, thoraee justice

valde retracto : angulis obtusis leviter rotundatis, hasi
breviter, profundeque impresso : elytris profundi' stn-
atis, str<is leviter punctatis, externis minus impressis.
Long. '63, lat. -23. Habitat in Alabama: a Dom.
Haldeman amice data.
In honore .lac. ('. Brevoort, viri non solum liberalitate sum-
ma, bumanitateque lepida, sod etiain iii'^cnio acuto, doctrinaque
urata; entomologies necnon cultoris Beduli.
Habitus Sttbconvexus, St (topi fere cujusdam, ni'jra, nitida.
I put ii ii] He. i Lonibusfroutalibui linearibus, valde obliquis, i ret is,
profuodis, lines tran versa tenui, distincta. Thorax ant ice capite
plus duplo lat'or, postice non latior, anlice leviter emarginatus,

Catalogue of the GeodcpJiagous Coleoptcra. 353

lateribus valde rotundatis, postice obsolete sinuatis, angulis pos-
ticis obtusis, apice paulo rotundatis ; transverse leviter rugosus ;
impressionibus transversis fere nullis, linea longitudinal? profun-
da, utrinque paulo abbreviata; basalibus oblongis parvis profun-
dis. Elytra thorace non latiora, subovaha, latitudine sesqui lon-
giora, apice profunde sinuato-rotundata, profunde striata, striis
obsolete punctatis, externis minus impressis, 7"ia et Sva fere ob-
literatis ; interstitiis leviter convexis.

Variat impressionibus thoracis^transversis satis distinctis.

§ S. Thorace rotundato-quadrato, lateribus rotundatis, postice re-
tractis, angulis obtusis, valde rotundatis basi emarginato,
utrinque breviter unistriato ; elytris oblongis, apice rotun-
datis, leviter sinuatis, profunde striatis, striis externls oblite-
rans ; stria abbreviata punctiformi, inter lniam et 2udam s it a>
interstitio 3io tripunctato.
1. obscura. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. IV. Habitat
NovEboraci rarissime.

STEROPUS. Meg.

Antennae breviuscuh-e, articulo 3io sequentibus paulo longiore ;
2ndo duplo fere breviore : mentumdente lato, breviusculo, apice
non impresso, late sed acute emarginato : palpi articulo ultimo
levissime triangulari, apice valde truncato. Thorax postice
valde angustatus, subrotundatus, angulis posticis obtusissimis,
rotundatis, basi emarginato, utrinque foveolatu; elytra ovalia
thorace paulo latiora, apice valde rotundata leviter sinuata ;
stria rudimentali punctiformi, inter Imam e t 2aJain s it a ; intersti-
tio 3 io unipunctato.
1. faber. Germ. Ins. Nova (Molops.)

tenebricoSUS. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Feronia.)
SpoliatuS. Newman. Ent. Mag. (Feronia.) Habitat in
provinciis australibus.

354 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcoptera

BROSCTJS? Panzer.
CEPH IL0TE.S1 Bonclli.
Antennae breviusculse submomliformes, leviter compressae;
articulo Ito liviter clavato, quam tertio paulo breviore, sequenti-
bus tequante : ]>alpi crassiusculi, articulo iiltimo leviter ovali,
Opice minus subito truncate, leviter rotundato ; labiales articulo
ultimo levisstme triangular!. Mm: urn dente longo, obtuso, non
emarginato, apice profunda impresses Thorax ct elytra fere
sicut in Steropo. Habitus Sjeropo convcxior, capite majusculo,
latitudine thoracem fere aequante. A Broscis Europseis differt,
habitu minore et latiore, mandibulis paulo minus elongatis.

1. obsok'tlis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. Habitat

in Alabama, a Dom. Haldeman amice datus : tborace
elytris paulo angustiore, impressione anteriore nulla
dignoscitur: striisque clytrorum punctatis, profundi-
oribus.

2. * a It j) r<> \ i in a t u s. Piceus nitidus, ikprace clylris nonan-

gustiore, linea antica transversa "profunda, margini

valde approximata, linea longitudinali tenui vix dis-

tincta, impressione transversa postcriorc distincta;

elytris striato-piehctatis, striis externis oMiteratis,

punctoque i>n/>i<ssn .■ abdomine pedibusque rufo-piceis.

Long. 1. lat. '15. Habitat in Pennsylvania rarius, a

I ).nii. Melsheimer benevolo datus.

I'i i , dente robustior, ct notis tlmracicis facile dignoscendus.

3. *Iae vipennis. Angustiuscvlus, nigro-piceus, nitidissimus.

thorace transversim leviter rugoso, antice postieeque

transverse impresso, linea longitudinali satisprqfien-

da : elytris vix striatis, fere lavissimis, puncto unico

nnt jim impresso; abdomine pedibusque rufo-piceis.

Long. '35, lat. *13. Habitat in Georgia, a Dom.

Ludovico Lei Jonte lectu

Praecedente angu tior Horace po rice magis retracto, elytris

doo angustiore; elytri magis elongatis, postice leviter attenua-

oletissimis.

1

>

en
to

I — I
CO

I

AnnaA Zjre,JTat Sift. Vol. V.

PZATE Jill

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7%. 4.

Tfp.S

T

<ZZ Ze fonts ch/

/-//,„/,/., a ■ a;,,/,.-,,,/ a- j;„. A .

Jru/a/j- Ave Jut. Hist, fol V.

PLATE XIV.

TwS.

■•/

Fuf. 10.

F f K.

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Fuf.13.

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71

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Pktes VlT i e D %iWr,

SMUd '^) „ w tte <%t,-a of ">e 3 d , ^ a ^

^^^^ - °' s >'oul4 be

The Corresponding Members of the Lyceum of Natural
History are respectfully requested to forward communications on
any subjects connected with the Natural Sciences, to the Secretary
of the Society. Chemical Examinations of Animal, Vegetable and
Mineral substances, will be acceptable, as well as Descriptions and
Accounts of any new objects, in the three Kingdoms of Nature.

As the publication of the Annals has now been resumed, with
a prospect of continuance, it is hoped that every one connected
with the Lyceum will exert himself, that no delay may take place
in their appearance at reasonable intervals. Donations to the
Museum, of Shells, Fossils, Minerals, and such Animals as are
best preserved in spirits, arc solicited.

--<rrs^eE^rs=g-=g= H^.gJ. ****£*&*, , ■■ * * -*- -* J- ±1. *WjN=« rr=^-

APRBX, 184*. tfos. §, 9.

ANNA I, S

OF THE

LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

o*

►Yfi

■

•Bto-Qork:

PUBLISHED FOR THE LYCEUM,

BY STANFORD AND SWORDS,

No. 139 BROADWAY.
1847.

<fl

John R. M'Gown, Printer,

128 Fulton-street, N. Y.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 355

4. m O r i O . Dej. Sp. Gen. Ab omnibus praecedentibus differt
impressione transversa thoracis anteriore valde pro-
funda, margini nun approximuta, medio obfuse angu-
lata ; linea longitudinal! tenuissima ; elytris apice
leviter attenuatis, nunc laevissimis, nunc obsolete
striatu-punctatis ; puncto magno impresso. Habitus
robustior. Habitat in Georgia rarius.

MYAS. Ziegler.

1. C O r a C i ,1US. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. (Fe-

onia.)
cyanescens. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinces
mediis ; foemina mari paulo convexior, et latior.

2. *foveatllS. Niger, obscure violaceus ; ihorace marginibus

non depressis, bast utrinque profunde bijoveato, foveis

coeuntibus, elytris profunde striatis, striis Icevibus.

Long. "63, lat. 24. Habitat NovEboraci rarissime ;

amicitiae Dom. Ed. Willcox debitus.
Praacedente paulo angustior et convexior ; niger nitidus, elytris
obsolete violaceo-micantibus. Caput impressionibus valde pro-
fundis, oculis parvis, valde exstantibus. Thorax capite cum
oculis duplo latior, antice vix emarginatus, angulis anticis
deflexis, vix conspicuis, lateribus modice rotundatus, postice
levissime retractus, basi leviter emarginato, angulis posticis fere
rectis, non rotundatis ; disco convexiusculus, tenuissime margina-
tus, margine nullo depresso : impi'essionibus transversis nullis,
linca longitudinali postice abbreviata profunda ; basalibus
utrinque duabus, valde profundis, foveohformibus, coeuntibus,
obsolete rugosis ; interiore longiore, stria postice abbreviata,
cum linea transversali brevi interne tendente angulum rectum
formante. Elytra thorace non latiora, parallela, apice rotundata,
leviter sinuata ; modice convexa, profunde striata, striis laevia-
simis, striaque abbreviata inter imam e t 2 Ildam distincta.

A M. coraciuo thorace ad latera non depresso, impressionibus

356 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcoptera.

I i ilibus magis profundis, cocuntibus, stria interna abbreviate,
posticeque angulata; necnon forma an»ustiore, striisque impunc-
tatis valde diatinctUS.

STOMIS. Clairville.
1. a in c r i C a n U S. Laporte, Etudes Eat.

pUSilluS. Harris Cat. ( P 1 a t y 11 U S . )

Ehngatus, piceus, nitidus, pubescent : capite thora-
cequc nigris, hoc elongato-cordato, a?igulis jwsticis
rectis, divergentibus ; elytris profunde striatic, stnis
obsolete punctatis. Long. "25, lat. -08. Habitat in
provincia Vermont : a Dom. Harris benevole datus.
Habitus fere Stomis pumicati Europae. Elongatus, nitidus,
pubescens. Caput magnum, antice acutum, pone oculos sensim
retractum, transverseque constrictum, nigrum, laeve ; unpressio-
nibus frontalibus longis, profundisque. Antenna, palpk\ue rufi.
Thorax capite non latior, latitudine sesqui longior, cordatus,
poetice retractus, antice posticeque truncatus, angulis anticis
valde rotundatis, posticis rectis subdivergentibus ; niger, disco
convexus, tenuiasime marginatus, a?itice posticeque sparse punc-
tatus ; impressionibus transveraia indistinctis, poateriore profun-
dic.ic, lines longitudinali Integra, baaalibua linearibua preelongis,
extroraum leviter curvatia. Elytra thoracis baai duplo latiora,
poetice rotundata, non sinuata, rufo-picea; profunda Btriata,
Btriis obsolete punctatis, interstitiis valde convexis. Sublus
piceus, post pectus grosse sparse punctatum. Pedes rufi.

ISOPLEUJRUS. Kirby.
Ad hoc genus insecta tria retuli, quas a Bradyto differunt,
palpifl lal)ialibus apice fere acutis, maxillaribua quam in Bradyto
minus truncatis : mentum medio dentatum est, dente parvo,
brevi, integro. Omnino cum descriptione Kirbyana congruunt.
Cum Isopleuro nitido (K.) descripts est (F. B. A. Vol. IV, p.
50.) species secunda (I. MacLeayi) quae plane ad genus Seleno-
phorum (Dej.) pertinet. Nam mentum edentatum «st, elytra

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptcra. 357

versus marginem pubescentia, seriebusque tribus punctorum
impressa : characteres qui in Selenophoro solo inveniuntur.

In specimina omnia mea tibias anticte calcaribus duobus termi-
nalibus instructs sunt ; quorum unum pavvum est, altero duplo
brevius. In Bradyto spina luec secunda rudimentalis est, et
vix conspicua.

In $ articuli tarsorum anticorum tres dilatati sunt : l mus lati-
tudine paulo longior, triangularis, antice leviter emarginatus :
2ndus > smsque^ longitudine paulo latiores, triangulares, angulo
exteriore rotundati, interiors oblique emarginati, antice parum
emai-ginati ; subtus papillis biseriati. Generi Acorio (Zimm.)
affinis videtur ; differt tamen antennarum articulo 3'° reliquis vix
longiore, mentique dente simplice.
1. hyperborcus. Dej. Sp. Gen. ( Amai a.)

Oblrmgo-ovatus, nigro-piccus, tJiorace su7)-quadrato,
lateribus rotundato, angulis posticis obtusis wn rotun*
datis, ban utrinque biimpresso, sparseque punctato :
elytris striatis, striis subtillter punctatis ; antennis,
palpis, pedibusque obscure ferrugi ne is. Long. *4, lat.
•17. Specimen unicum ad Long's Peak inventum.
Nigro-piceus nitidus. Caput valde obtusum, oculis prominulis,
punctis duobus ad oculorum marginem ; impressionibus fronta-
libu? brevibus, profundis ; sutura clypeo-frontali tenui. Lahrum
breve, leviter emarginatum; clypeus obtuse emarginatus. An-
tenna, palpiqae ferruginei. Thorax capite sesqui latior, latitu-
diue fere duplo brevior, subquadratus, antice leviter emarginatus,
angulis anticis rotundatis, lateribus aequaliter rotundatus, basi
truncatus, angulis posticis obtusis non rotundatis ; disco leviter
convexus, tenuiter marginatus ; impressionibus transversis parum
distinctis, linea longitudinali utrinque abbreviata, basalibus gem-
inis, brevibus, punctatis, exteriore profundiore; carina externa
valde obtusa. Elytra thorace non latiora, convexiuscula, apice
leviter sinuata ; striata, striis subtiliter punctatis, magis ad basin ;
stria rudimentali longa: interstitiis parum convexis ; seria puncto-
rum submarginali medio late interrupta. Pedes obscure-ferruginei.

358 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

Curtonotus larior (Kirby, F. B. A.) esse videretur, nisi mentum
recte visum unidentatum abborruit.
2. *septentrionalis. Nigro-piceus, obscure ceneus, niti-
dus : t.hnrace quadrato, lateribus mod ice lotundato,
angulis posticis obtusisnon rotundatis ; basi bitmpres-
so, sparseque jmnctato, elytris striatis, striis obsolete
jmnctatis, postice lavibus; antcnnis, palpi s, pedi-
busque ferrugineis. Long. # 3, lat. "13. Habitat ad
Lacum Superiorem.
Oblongo-ovatus, nigro-piceus, nitidus, elytris obscure aeneis.
Caput obtusum, laeve; impressionibus frontalibus, brevibus pro-
fundis, sutura transversa tenui ; punctis duobus ad oculorum
marginem : labruni antice subemarginatnm. Antenna palpi que
ferruginei. Thorax capite latior, latitudine vix sesqui bievior,
subquadratus, apice emarginatus, angulis anticis rotundatis, late-
ribus rnodice rotundatus, basi truncatus, angulis posticis obtusis,
non rotundatis; disco minus convexus, tenuiter marginatus ;
impressionibus transversis nullis, linea longitudinali Integra,
basalibus geminis, brevibus, sparse punctatis, exteriore profun-
diore, cariua externa obtusa brevi. Elytra thorace non latiora,
apice vix sinuata, striata, striis versus basin obsolete punctata,
rudimentali longa : iuterstiliis fere planis ; serie punctorum
submargiiiali late intertupta. Abdomen rutb-piceum, pedes ob-
ecure-ferruginei.
3. *terrestris. Oval is, convexus, piceus, nitidus, interdum
subaneus : thorace quadrato, antice subangustato,
lateribus rotundato, angulis posticis leviter expfanatis ;
basi biimpresso, sparse jmnctato : elytris striatis,
interstitiis fere planis; antcnnis palpis pedibusque
rufis. Long. -28, lat. 13. Habitat ad Fort Laramie,
fluminis Platte.
Amarae chalceH' (Dej.) simillimus.at thoracis marginibus expla
natis facile distinguendus. Ab Isopleuro nitido (Kirby) striis
elytralibus impunctatis differe videtur : sed descriptio nimis con-
cilia determinationem rectam vetat.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous ColeoMcra. 359

Piceus iiitidus, nonnunqu im subaeneus. Caput laeve, impres-
sionibus fro a tali bus brevibus, suturaque transversa profutidis.
Palpi rufi : antenna rufae, versus apicem obscuratae. Thorax
capite duplo latior, latitudine j)lus sesqui brevior, quadratus,
amice subangustatus, paulo emarginalus, angulis anticris deflexis,
subacutis, lateribus rotundatus, basi fere recte tiuncatus, angulis
posticis rectis : disco paulo convexus, margiue versus angulos
posticos subexplanato : impressiouibus tfarisversis iudistinctis,
posteriore profundiore, liuea longitudinali Integra, basalibus
gemiuis brevibus, confluentibus, exteriore paulo Iongiore, sparse
minus sul)ti liter punctatis. Elytra apice vix siuuata, striata,
interstitiis planis, stria rudimentaii longa ; serve submaryinali
puuctorum medio vix iuterrupta ; epipleurae rufae. Subtus
piceus, pedibus rufis.

PERCOSIA. Zimmerman.

1. Ob esa. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. IT. N. S. (Feronia.)

patricia. teste Dtj. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis
mediis et borealibus, sat frequens : elytris in $ minus
profunde striatis.

2. * d 1 1 I i n i S. Eiliptica, convexd, nigra nitida, tliorace quad-

rato, latitudine duplo breriore lateribua rotundato,
basi punc.ato ; elytris tliorace non latioribus; pro-
funde striato-punctatis ; antennis obscuris, basi, pal-
pis, ped/busque ferrugineis. Long. - 38, lat. -185.
Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.
Praecedente august tor, et minus obesa, elytris postice non
dilatatis.

Eiliptica, convexa, nigra, pernitida. Caput, laeve, punctis 2
solitis ad oculorum marainem ; impressiotiibus frontalibus bre-
vibus, rectis. Antenna obscuiae, basi rufae ; palpi mfi, ocvli vix
piominuli. Thai ax capite plus duplo latior, latitudine duplo
brevior, apice emarginatus, antice angustatus, angulis anticis
valde deflexis, rotuudatis, lateiibus rotundatus, basi truncatus,

360 Catalogue of the Geodpehagous Coleoptera.

,uli> posticifl rectia ; disco convexus, basi depressus, pcncta-
tusque, margine versus angulos posticos levissime explanato ;
impressione transversa aiiteriore parum distincta, posteriore
a, profunda, linea longitudinal] Integra, basalibus profundis,
cum impressione transversa confusis, elevatione parva inter
impreasionem et marginem lateralem. Elytra parallels, thorace
non latiora, apice paulo sinuata, profunde striato-])unctata, inter-
Btitiis parum convexis, slria rudimentali longa. Pedes obscure
ferruginei.

CELIA. Zim.

1- insequalis. Eorby, F. B. A. Vol. IV. Habitat ad Lacum
Superiorem minus Irequens. Exacte cum A. inter-
stitali (Dej. Sp.Gen.) quadrat, sed interstitia elytralia
inaequalia non meminit 111. Com. Dejean. In speci-
minil)us meis, interstitium 3 ium a' 11 " 1 et 7 mu,n paulo
elevata sunt.

2. splendid a. Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol.I. Elytra sicut

in praecedeute inaequalia Bunt, Bed interstitiis alter-

natim minus elevatis. Habitat in provinciia mediis

minus frequens.
a. aurichalcea.

(3. aureo-viridis.

•>. aureo-coerulea. In Mus. Dom. Melsbeimer.
3 . * L r i I) I' a • Obesa, convexa ; nigro-anea nitida, thorace antire
/■;./■ angustato, lateribus rotundato, angulu /><>.s/icis
obtusis ii mi rotimdatis ; impresaionibus basalibus </ua-
bus, punctatis ; elytru tenuiter striati*, interstitii*
plants ; antennis ji<ilj>ix, tibiis tarsisque rufis. Long.

•::. i;,i. • l... Specimen uuicum ad Lacum Supenorem
inveni.
Obesa, convexa, Percosiam fere aimulans : nigro-aenea nitida.

Caput obtUBUm, lave, impi cssionilms fnmlalilius brevibuS. An-
trum', palpiqae rufi; ocuti prominuli. Thorax capita duplo
latior, latitudine plus Besqui brevior, apice v» emarginatus,

Catalogue of the Geodophagous Coleoptera. 361

antice parum angustatus, angulis anticis deflexis ; lateribus
rotundatus, basi recte truncatus, angulis posticis leviter obtusis
non rotundatis ; impressionibus transversis distinctis, posteriore
profundiore, recta; linea longitudinali integra; basalibus utrinque
duabus, brevibus, triangularibus, punctatis. Elytra striata, striis
postice non profundioribus ; rudimentali longa ; interstitiis
plants. Subtus nigra nitida, tibiis tarsisque saturate rufis.

Genus hocce ab Amara tibiis posticis $ intus simplicibus
diffeit.

AMARA. Lat.
§ 1. Antennas articulis duobus ferrugineis.

1. punctulata. Dej. Sp. Gen.

UttOValis. Esch. Specimen unicum ad Rocky Moun-
tains inventum, omnino congruit cum altero ab
111. Dom. Klug misso, et a Dom. Willcox amice
dato.

2. *con f U S a. Elliptica, subconvexa, cenea nitida, thorace an-

tice angustato, lateribus parum rotundato, impressio-
nibus omnibus fere obsoletis; elytris striatis, interstitiis
fere plants ; antennarum articulis 2 rufs, pafpis
pedibusque nigris. Long. "32, lat. -155. Habitat ad
Rocky Mountains.
Ad speciem banc referenda est A. vulgaris, (Kirby, F. B. A.
Vol. IV. ;) articulus 2 n<lus antennarum colore variat et interdum
obscure rufus, fere piceus videtur. A. patruelis (Dej. Sp. Gen.)
esse videretur, nisi thorax basi impunctatus abhorruit.

Habitus fere A. impuncticollis (Say.) at paulo convexior.
yEnea vel nigro-aenea, nitida. Caput antice subacutum, Ineve?
oculis majusculis ; impressionibus frontalibus fere nullis. Palpi
nigri. Antenna nigro-piceoe, articulis 2 rufis. Thorax capite
duplo latior, latitudine fere duplo brevior, apice emarginatus,
angulis anticis deflexis, acutis, antice angustatus, lateribus paulo
rotundatus, basi fere recte truncatus, angulis posticis acutius-
culis ; impressionibus transversis parum distinctis, linea longitu-

862 Catalogue of the Gemlcphagous Coleoptera.

dinali tenuissima ; basalibua duabus, obsoletis, exteriore ohliqua
paulo evidentiore. Elytra apice parum sinuata, striata, striia
postice pauln prnfundioribus, interstitiis vix convexis, fere planis,
stria rudinienta'li longa. Subtus nigro-amea, pedibus nigris.
§ 2. Antenna? articulis 3 rufis. .

3. imp II net i coll is. Say. Trans. Am. Pl.il. Soc. Vol.11. N. S.

f ri rial is. teste Dej. Sp. Gen. Abuudat ubique.

4. co m 171 11 11 i s. Fabr. teste Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat cum priore.

Praecedente paulo convexior ; thorace paulo minus lateribaa
rotundato, angulis posticis minus acutis, impressionibus basalibua
magis indistinctis, palpis basi ferrugineis, tibiis tarsisque magis
brun net's aegre dignoscendus.

5. *difficilis. Nigra, vix arnca, thorace ant ice angustato,

laterihus modice rotundato, angulis posticis recti*,
margine non explanato, impressionibus basalibus vix
distinctis ; elytris tenuiter stria/is, interstitiis planis J
pedibus, pafpisque apice nigro-piceis. Long. •So,
lat. 1(J. Habitai in Territorio Missouriensi.

Praecedentes duaa valde n*f«*rt, at paulo convexior, et thoracis
margine non explanato distincta videtur.

Nigra, vix eenea. Caput laeve. Antenna rufo-obscuree, art.
3 baaalibus pallidioribua, palpi ferruginei, Rrticulo ultimo nigro-
piceo. Thorax capite duplo latior, latitudiue fere duplo brevior,
apice profuude emarginatus, angulis anticia deflexis acutis,
Bntire anguatatus, lateribus paulo rotundaiua, l>asi fere recto
trancattuj, angulis posticis rectis; disco parum convexus, mar-
gine non explanato; impiosionihiis tmilsVersia vix distinctis,
linea longitudina i utrinqne abbreviata, basalibua valde indis-
tinctis, exteriore omninp obliierata. Elytra postice paulo sinu-
ata, tenuiter striata, striis postice profit ndinribus, interstitiis
OmriitlO planis, stria l udimeutali vix distincta. Pules nigro
pic.ei.

C. * f a I 1 a X . /lliira siihmtnla ; thorace anlii < angUttatO, itrij>res-

sio/w transversa asUeriore arcuata, latcnbus j/aulo

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcoptera. 363

rotundato, margine non erp/anato, impression i bus
basal thus valde obsoletis ; eiytris tenue-striatis, striis
postice vix profundi or ibus, interstitiis omnino plants,
pal pis pedibusquc nigro-piceis, tibiis tarsisque b'un-
ncis. Long. '31, lat. *15. Specimen unicum ad
Lacum Superinrem inventum.
A. impuncticollt-m valde relett, at paulo angustior, et thorace
longiore diflerre videtur.

iEnea sulmitida. Caput obsolete rugulosum, impressionibus
frontallbus parvis. Palpi toti picei. Antenna obscuiae, articulis
3 rufo-testaceis. Thorax capiie duplo latior, latitudine sesqui
brevior, antice angustulus, apice profunde emar»inatus, angnlis
auticis acutis, lateribus modice rotundatis, basi fere recte irun-
catus, angulis posticis subacutis ; disco parum cojivexus, trans-
verse leviter rugosus, antice obsolete striatus, versus angulos
anticos irregulariter subrugosus, margine non explanato : im-
pressionibus transversis indisiiuctis, auteriore arcuata, linea
longitudinali tenuissima inte<j;ra, basalibus itidistinctis, exteriore
omnino obliterata. Elytra apice paulo sinuata, tenuiter striata,
striis postice vix profundioribus, interstitiis omnino planis, siria
rudimentali brevi, distineta : aerie punctorum submarginali
medio non inierrupta. Pedes nigri, tibiis tarsisque brunneo-
piceis.

Obs. — In specimine meo stria elytrorum 3 ia et 4 ta ad quad-

rantem ab apice confluunt: nescio an nota specifica sit, an

varietas fbrtuita.

7. * COnvexa. Oralis, c nrexa, cupreo-anea nitida, capitr tho-

raceque nigro-efneis, hoc antice parum angustato,

bast bij'oreo/ato,foreis pvr/ct/formibus ; eiytris striatis,

striis postice r>ix profundioribus, interstitiis jilanis,

antennarum basi testaceo, tibiis taisisque brunneo-

piceis. Long. 28, bit. "13. Specimen unicum ad

Lacum Superinrem inveni.

Pra?<edentibus multo convexior, cupreo-aenea, nitida, capite

th.uaceque nigro-a-neis. Caput rotundatum laeve, impressio-

364 I of tli( Geodepkagami Coleoptcra.

nil>u- frontalibua obliquis, brevibus ; oculi prominuli : palpi
picei, amtcmma obscures, articulia C testaceis. Thorax oapite
dupln latior, latitudine dupln brevior, apice parum emarginatus,
ant ice leviter angustatus, angulia anticis valde obtusis, deflexis,
I u ribua rotundatus, basi trancatus, angulis posticis rectis; im-
me transversa aoteriore nulla, posteriore recta, non pro-
funda, liia-a longitudinali tenui Integra, basalibus duabus, parvis,
interiore brevi, recta, exteriore obliqua, punctifbrmi, prope
auguiumsita. Elytra tborace non latiora, postice leviter angus-
tata, apice paulo sinuai:i. tenuiler striata, strii> postice vix
profundioribus, rudimentali obliqua distincta j interstitiis planis ;
Bene punctorum sabmarginali medio non interrupta. Subtus
nigro-asoea; tibiis tarsisque piceis.

8, * j) o 1 i t a . EViptica, subdepressa. crneo, pernitida, thnrace

antice angustato emarginatoque, basi utrinque biim-

pressd, elytris stria/is, striis postice vix prqfundioribvs,

interstitiis plants; antennarum palporumque ban

rufo : epipleuris, tibiis tarsisque brunneis. Long.

. lat 155. Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.

Habitus oranino A. con nunis, at thoracis marginibus minima

explanatis, impressionibusque basalibus duabus facile distinctus;

thorace quoque a«l latere magis rotundato, angulis anticis minus

acul is,

ea pernitida; caput lseve, impressionibus nVontaKbus bre-
vibus : oculifl prominulis. Antenna obscures, articulis ."> pallidis ;
palpi picei, basi ferruginei. Thorax capite duplo latior, latitu-
dine (liijilii brevior, antice angu status, apice paulo emarginatus,
angulis anticis deflexis, rotundatis, lateribus modice rotundatus,
basi fere recte truncatus, angulis posticis subrectia ; disco leviter
convexus; impressionibus transversis fere nullis, iinea longitudi-
nnli tenui Integra, basalibus duabus distinctis ; interiore recta
brevi, exteriore obliqua, ad angulum posteriorem tendente,
oblonga, fossuliibrmi. Elytra apice ainuata, tenuiter Btriata,
stri is postice vis profundioribus ; rudimentali recta: interstitiis
plat ne punctorum Bubmarginab' medio subinterrupta :

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 365

epipleurae brunneae. Sublus nigro-subaenea, tibiis tarsisque
brunneis.

Variat striis elytrorum obsolete punctatis, thorace basi non-
nunquam 6triato, pedibusque concoloribus nigro-piceis.
9- basi liar is. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. N. S.
(Feronia.)
Habitat in provinciis australibus minus frequens.

10. 1 u C i (1 U 1 a . Dej. Sp. Gen. (Amara.)

basalts. Harris. N. E. Farmer. In Massachusetts in-
venta, a Dom. Harris amice data.

11. chalcea. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis mediis

et australibus.

TRLEXA.t nov. gen.

Ab Amara differt menti dente lato, brevissimo, apice obtuso,
vix impressso; palpis labialibus articulo ultimo cylindrico, vix
ovali, apice valde truncato, compressoque ; tibiisque anticis cal-
care trifidu terminatis, lobis acutis : in speciebus subtus descriptis,
stria septima ad apicem punctis notata est sicut in Anisodactylis
§ 'i (Tricentro;) quocum calcar trifidum, mentumqne vix den-
tatum affinitatem indicant. Ad hoc genus forte A. tricuspidatum
(Sturm; Europse pertinet.

1. ailtru.-tata. Saw Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. N. S.

(Amara.) Habitat ubique.

2. indistinct a. Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I. (Amara.)

Habitat ubique.
Praecedente simillima. at forma latiore, elytrisque minus pro-
funde striatis satis distincta. Variat impressionibus baaalibus
thoracis obsolete punctatis.

3. # depress a. Oblonga dipresxa, tubcenea, thorace quadrato,

t Tgi'a/nt, trident.

366 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

anticc subangustato, vix emarginafo, later/bus mod-ice

rofu/ida/o ; imjyressionibus basal thus utrinque duahus,

vuidi-micaniibus, punctatis ; e'ytris striatis, intersti-

tiis fere plants ; antenna/urn basi pedibusque rufis,

palpis p>cc>s. Lon<>[. "3, lat. '12. Specimen unicum

ad Lacum Superiorem inventurn.

Oblonga depressa, habitus fere Harpali cujusdam. Nigro-

piceus, subviridis. Caput laeve, impressionibus froiitalit)us bre-

vibus; oculis promiiiulis; palpi picei. Antenna obseurae,

articulis 3. 4 to que basi rufis. Thorax capite duplo latior, lati-

tudine sesqui brevior, quadratus, auiice suhangustatus, apice vix

emarginatus, lateribus usque ad medium rotund a tis, dein fere

rectis, basi bisinuatus, angulis posticis rectis ; disco leviter rugo-

sus ; impressionibus transversis nou profundis, anteriore angulata,

basalibus geminis, viiidi-micari'ibus obsolete puuetatis, exteriure

mitiore. E'ytra parallela, apice paulo siuuata, striata, intersti-

tiis fere planis ; stria rudimen tali distincta 7 ina apice 5-punctala ;

eerie punctorum submarginali medio interrupta ; epipleura? rufo-

aeneae. Subtus nigra, ])cdes saturate rufi.

ACRODON. Zim.

1. r U 1) r i C a . Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I. (Amara.) Ha-

bitat in provinciis mediis minus frequens.

2. Ill u S C U 1 i s . (mUSCuluS?) Say. Trans. Am. Phil.

Soc. Vol. II. N. S. : Dej. Sp. Gen.

Nigro-picea, vel rufa ; subamca nitida ; tho-
race anticc subangustato, lateribus paulo rotundato,
impressionibus basalibus parvis, plus minusvt distinc-
tis, nonnunquam punctatis ; elytris ftrqfiinde striato-
ptinctatis, strut externis lerioribus ; antennis, palpis,
pedibusque rufis. Long. -22, lat. -10. Habitat in
provinces austraHbus et ad Rocky Mountains.
Species admudum variaus, sequenti simillima ; at lliornce

breviore. lateribus minus rotundato; elytrisque apice vix sinuatia

(-••(I rotundatis ;egre cognoscenda.

Catalogue of the Geodephag<>us Colcoptera. 367

3. *COntempta. Nigro-picea, nitida ; thorace antice sub-
angustato, lateribus rotundato, impressionibus basa-
libus parvis, punctatis ; elytris profunde striato-
punctatis, striis externis levioribus ; stria rudimentali
distincta : antennis palpis, pedibusque rufis. Long.
•22, lat. -10. Habitat NovEboraci, et ad Rocky
Mountains.
Elliptica, subconvexa, nigro-picea, nitida. Caput laeve ;
impressionibus frontalibus vix distinctis, oculis subprominulis.
Palpi rufi : antennce rufag, versus apicem paulo obscuratae.
Thorax capite duplo latior, latitudine fere duplo brevior
antice subangustatus, apice parum emarginatus, angulis anticis
rotundatis, lateribus rotundatus, basi truncatus, angulis posticis
rectis, vel leviter obtusis : disco leviter convexus ; impressionibus
transversis parum distinctis, basalibus duabus, subprofundis,
exteriore minore, sparse .punctatis. Elytra apice paulo sinuata,
profunde striatn-punctata, striis externis levioribus rudimentali
distincta : interstitiis leviter convexis ; serie punctorum submar-
ginali medio vix interrupta. Subtus picea, abdomen rufo-
piceum, pedes rufi.

BRADYTUS. Stephens.

1. exaratUS. Dej. Sp. Gen. ( Amara.)

br evil ab r is . Kirby (Curtonotus) F. B. A. Habitat
in provinciis mediis, sat frequens. C. brevilabrem
(Kirby) ad hanc speciem, propter labrum transver-
sum, breve, subemarginatum, retuli : sed descriptio
Kirbyana nimis concisa est pro diagnosi certa.

2. furtivus. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. IV. N. S.

(Amara.) Habitat in provinciis occidentalibus.

3. avid US. Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. III. (Zabrus.)

COnfinis. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Amara.) Abundat in pro-
vinciis mediis. Variat subtus pallide castaneus.

368 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

CURTONOTUS. Stephens.

1. *lilticollis. Subelongatus, nigro-piceus, sub&neus, niti*

(his, thorace cordato, postice coarctato, punctato,
utrinque bistriato, carina externa valde distincta ;
elytris parallelis, striato-punctatis ; antennarum basi,
palpis, pedibusque obscure ferrugincis. Long. *55,
lat. "22. Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.

Ad banc speciem referendus est C. convexiusculus (Kirby,
Faun. Bor. Am.) ; a convexiusculo Europaeo, differt thorace ad
latera magis rotundato, anticc punctato, impressioneque trans-
versa anteriore profundiuscula.

Nigro-piceus, subaeneus. Caput laeve, impressionibus fronta-
libus parvis, non profundis, sutura frontali distincta ; labrum
latitudine sesqui brevius, antice subemarginatum. Antenna: ob-
BCurse, basi, cum palpis rufo-ferrugineae. Thorax capite sesqui
latior, latitudine duplo brevior, subcordatus, antice parum emar-
ginatus, angulis anticis rotundatis, lateribus valde rotundatus,
prope basin coarctatus, breviter sinualis ; basi levissime emar-
ginato, angulis posticis acutis promiuulis ; disco subconvexus,
antice punctatus ; basi toto pone impressionem transversum de-
preBSO, punctatoque, densiue ad latera : impressione transversa
anteriore, arcuata, profunda, posteriore medio angulata, linca
longitudinal! antice abbreviata, profunda, basalibua geminiB,

svibus, interiore paulo profundiore; carina basali elevuta,
recta, valde distincta. Elytra tburacem vix latitudine ajquantia,
elongata, parallela, apice leviter sinuata, profunde Btriato-punc-
tata, Btria rudimentali longa; serie punctorum submarginali
medio valde interrupta. Sub/us piceus; pedes obscure ferru-
ginei.

2. * c a r i n a t u s . Subelongatus, nigro-piceus, nitidus ; tho-

race quadrate, postice angnstato, non coarctato; antice
poiticeque punctato ', bati utrinque bistriato, carina
(■sterna valde distent tn ; elytris paralb lis, striato-

Catalogue of tlie Geodephagous Coleoptera. 369

punctatis ; antennis, palpis, pedibusoue obscure ferru-
gineis. Long. *46, lat. -17. Cum priore inventus.
Habitus fere C. torrid"! (Illiger) Europae. Subelongatus, nigro-
piceus, nitidus. Caput minus obtusum, leeve, impressionibus
frontalibus brevibus, profundis, sutura frontali distincta ; labium
latitudine sesqui brevius, antice non emarginatum. Antenna,
palpique obscure ferruginei. Thorax capite non sesqui latior,
latitudine sesqui brevior, quadratus, postice paulo angustatus,
apice parum emarginatus, angulis anticis rotundatis, latei'ibus
antice modice rotundatis, postice brevissime, vix conspicue sinu-
atis, basi truncatus, angulis posticis rectis, minime rotundatis ;
disco paulo convexus, antice posticeque punctatus ; impressioni-
bus transversis profundis. posteriore angulata, linea longitudinali
antice abbreviata ; basalibus geminis, punctatis, inf eriore indis-
tincta, cum exteriore profunda confluente ; carina basali recta,
elevata, valde distincta. Elytra parallela, apice distincte sinuata,
profunde striato-punctata, stria rudimentali longa ; serie puncto-
rura submarginali medio valde interrupta. Subtus piceus ; pedes
rufo-picei, vel obscure ferruginei.

SPECIES SEQUENTES MIHI IGNOTiE.

Patrobus angicollis Randall. Bost. Journ. Nat.

Hist. Vol. II. Habitat in provincia

Maine.
Alicho menus cincticollis. Say. Trans. Am.

Phil. Soc. Vol. IV. (Species dubia.)

Agonum anchomenoidcs. Randall, loc. cit.

sup. Habitat in Maine.

albicrus. Dej. Sp.Gen.

macillifrons. Say. Jour. Ac. Nat. Sc.

Vol. III. (Feronia.) Habitat in

Terr. Miss.
simile. Kirby, F. B. A. Vol. IV.

370 Catalogue of the GeoJcphagous Coleoptera.

B ffi ne. Kirby, ibid.

fovcicolle. Chaudoir Bull, de Soc. Imp.
de Moscou (a leno vix distinctum.)

SClltellare. Say.Jouro. Ac. Nat.Sc. Vol.

III. (Feronia.) (Species vix deter-

miiianda, a specimine aegro descrip-

ta ; verisimiliter moerens Dej.)

Olistliopus cillCtUS. Say. Trans. Am. Phil.

Soc. Vol. IV. Habitat in provinces
occidetitalibus.
Poecilus atratUS. Newman Ent. Mag. Vol. V.

mi cans. Chaud. loc. cit. sup. (Species
dubia, a chalcite temere separata.)

fraternus. Say. Long's Exp. to St. Pe-
ter's Riv. Vol. II. (Ob descriptionem
nimis concisam non agnoscendus.)

Stereocerus s i m i 1 i s . Kirby, F. B. A.

? r o stratus. Newman, (Feronia) Ent.
Mag. Vol. V.

A r g 11 to r m a n d i bu 1 a r 1 s. Kirby.F. B. a.

1> r (' V i C O r II is. Kirby, ibid.

II O n 6 S t 11 8. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.

Vol. II. (Feronia.)
S a p h V r i n 11 S . Chaud. loc. cit. sup. Ha-
bit a! in Louisiana.

Feronia 1 a 1 1 a x . Dej. Sp. Gen.
c !) e n inn. l)<j. Sp. Uen.
piinctatissima. Rand. loc. cit. Ha-
bitat in Maine.

III <) II 6 (1 111 a. Newman loc. cit.

ii ocrc n s. Newman ibid.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 37 1

p i C i p e S . Newman, ibid.

hypolithus. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.
Vol. II.
SteropilS ventralis. Say. ibid. Habitat in Terri-

torio Missouriensi.

A mar a anthracina. Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc.

Vol. I. Habitat in Pennsylvania.
1 8D v i p e n n i s . Kirby, F. B. A. Vol. IV.

disCOTS. Kirby, ibid.
p a 1 1 i p e S. Kirby, ibid.

Curtonotus rufimanus. Kirby, ibid.

1 a t i O r . Kirby, ibid.

Divisio 2. — Harpalida. — West wood.
Quad/ imani. — Lat.
Harpaliens. — Dej.

Subdiv. I. — Daptini.

AcinopidcB. — Hope.

Corpus antice non angustatum.

Caput postice minime reiractum.

Palpi articulo ultimo ovali apice truncato.

Taksi $ non dilatati, vel perparum dilutati.

EURYDERUS. LeConte.

1. zabroides. LeConte, Annals of the Lyceum. Vol. IV.

Habitat ad Rocky Mountains frequens.

GEOPINUS.* nov. gen.
Corpus crassum, cmvexum, subelongatum, apterum.
Caput magnum, subquadratum, subconvexum, postice non an-

* yiOmmos — terram laburans, quasi fodiens.

372 Catalogvc of the Geodepliagous Coleoptcra.

gustatum, impressione brevi frontali utrinque intei
ocul tura cranio-clypcali distincta.

Maxmuvi x. valid ae, Bubelongatae, incurvatae, obtusae; dextra
dentc mediali acuto.

Ma\iu..!' npicc vald'e acuta?, incurvata?que, intufl dense ciliatae.

Lahrim subquadratuin, latitudine non brevius, antice emargina-
tum, angulis anticis valde rotundatis.

Mentum magnum, longitudine triplo latins, modice concavum
emarginatum, edentatun

Ligila lata, apice levissime emarginata, angulis anticis acutis
divergentibus, paraglossia angustis concavis, incur-
vatis, apice vix rotundatis, ligula paulo brevioribus.

Palpi labiales articulo penukimo reliquis tenuiore, ultimo sesqui
fere longiore ; ultimo apice truncato : maxillares,
articulo antepenultimo paulo longiore ; penultimo
leviter obconico, ultimo breviore, leviter ovali, apici?
truncato.

maxillares interni (vol galea) filiforme?, articulo ul-
timo sesqui 1 iore leviter incurvato.

rura capite cum bulisvixloi , submoniliformes j

articulo l mo crassiore, longioreque ; 3 io sequentibus
paulo lo I ,: fere asqu ante j ultimo ovali.

< »< i i.i i otundati, prominuli.

In raj elytri sesqui angustior, leviter cordatus, antice levitei

emarginatus, lateribus rotundatus, postice paulo re-

itus, basi recte truncatus.

vtra antice recte truncata, lateribus parallela, postice rptun-

data, leviter Binuata, eonvexa; stria rudimtmtali cum

is I'' 1 dorsali conjuncta.

Scitf.m j'm triangulare.

Pedes validi.

TlBlM antica setifl adsperstB, ala terminali rotundata externa;
extus irregulariter emarginata?, denticulatss j inter-
mcdifP 6etis spinulosis adxporsae, extus irregulariter
•erratse, spinis terminalibus binis acuiis ; 2> ost ' ccs

catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 373

setis spinulosis adspersae, spinis terminalibus brevi-

bus, obtusis, spatulaeformibus.
Tarsi articulis leviter triangularibus, decreseentibus, ultimo

longiore ; in J 1 non dilatati.
Ungues graciles.

Trochanteres postici crassi, femoribus duplo breviores.
1. incrassatUS. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Daptus.) Habitat in

provinciis mediis, in locis sabulos : ■ minis fiequens.

AGONODERUS. Dej.

1. 1 i n e O 1 a . Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.

furcatllS. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. Habitat ubique.

2. pallipes. Fab. Syst. Eleuth. Habitat in provinciis aus*

tralibus et occidentalibus.

3. *dorsalis. Sturm Cat. Habitat in provinciis mediis et

occidentalibus.
Praecedente paulo major, thorace latiore, postice magis ro-
tracto, lateribus magis rotundatis, anguiis posticis obtusioribus
minus rotundatis; elytris apice minus subito rotundatis, stnarum
interstitiis planioribus, plagaque nigra ad basin non contracta ;
sutura ferruginea basi dilalata.

a. plaga elytrali antice obsoleta, ita ut maculam fuicifam
format.

4. infuscatUS. Dej. Sp. Gen. Abuudat in provinciis aus-

tralibus ; habitat etiam NovEboraci minus fiequens.

5. *.s U 1 11 r a 1 i S. Fusco-niger, tubnitidus, thorace antice trans-

verse biimpresso, basi impresto, puncta toque ; elytris

sutura, margineque externa pallidis; antennarum

basi pedibusque pallidis Long. -23, lat. 1. Habitat

NovEboraci minus frequens.

Fusco-niger, minus nitidus. Caput imprcssionibus frontalibua

brevibua arcuatis ; antennce fusc^e, basi testaceae. Thorax lati-

tudine brevier, subquadratus, antice truncatus, basi leviter rotun-

datus ; lateribus modice rotundatus, anguiis posticis obtusifl vaitio

374 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera.

i. >t uuil.it is ; basi levissime retractus ; disco convexus : impres-
rione transversa anteriore duplicata, posteriore profunda, angu-
lala : linea longitudinali tenuissima ; basalibus profundis punc-
tatis, cum impressione transversa posteriore confluentibus ;
margine tenuissimo testaceo. Elytra thorace vix latiora, paral-
lela, convexa ; stria rudimentali brevissima, interstitiis planis :
3 10 bipunctato; fusco-nigra, sutura, margineque lato ad striam
5 tam extendente testaceis. Pedes pallidi.

Corpore breviusculo, convexiusculo cum A. infuscato congruit ;
imj)ressionibu3 autera thoracicis valde distinctus angulisque pos-
ticis minus rotundatis.

CRATACANTHUS. Dej.
1- (1 U b i U S . Beauv. Ins. d'Am. (Harpalus.)

pennsylvanicus. Dej. Sp. Gen. Abundat ubique
usque ad Rocky Mountains.

TIOSOMA.t nov. gen.
Corpus apterum, crassum, convexum, subcylindricum.
Caput lubquadratum minus convexum, postice non retractum,

improsaionibufl fere nullis.
Mandibul^ validae, incurvata?, acutae.
Maxim.*: incurvata', acuta', intus ciliata-.
Labhlm quadratum, longitudine paulo latius, antice emargina-

tum, angulis rotundatis.
Mentum breve, concavum, profunde emarginatum, edentatum,

angulis anticis subrotundatis.
LlOULA angusta, antice rotuiulata.
I'AHAoi.ossiK dtvergentes, rotund atee.
Palpi lahialcs articulo penultimo paulo longiore ; ultimo levifcr

ovali, truncato.

maxtllarcs articulo antipenultimo longiore crassio-

t Tict pinguis, ct ra»/uat, corpus.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 375

reque; penukimo leviter obconico, basi tenui ; ultimo

leviter ovali, truncato.
Antenna longitudine caput cum thorace eequantes, monili-

formes, articulis rotundato-obconicis ; 3'° paulo tenui-

ore ; l m0 crasso, cylindrico.
Oculi vix prominuli.
Thorax quail ratus, antice posticeque truncatus, laterilms rotun-

datis, versus basin leviter sinuatis, angulis posticis

rectis.
Scutellum breve.
Elytra basi truncata, parallela, convcxa, stria rudimentali inter

, imva pt Oudam s [ tai

Pedes crassiusculi.

Tibiae anticae compressae, subdilatatae, extus 6pinulosa>, sed non

dentatae.

re/.iquce spinulosa?, calcaribus terminalibus brevius-

culis.
Tarsi antici, articulis brevibus triangularibus, setis longis in-
structs ; articulo ultimo lougiore, clavato.

reliqui. articulis leviter descrescentibus (ultimo lon-

giore) setosis.
Ungues simplices elongati.
Trochanters pnstici femoris dimidium aaquantes.

Gen^ri Cratognatho (Dej.) affinis videtur.
*SetOSlim. Castaneum nitidum, sparse grosse punr.tatu/n,

setis longis e punctis orient ibus ; elytris striatis, intor-

stitiis uniscriatim grosse punctatis, setosisque. Lung.

•35, lat. '15. Habitat circiter Long's Peak, Rucky

Mountains, minus frequens.
Statura fi.'re Cratacantbi dubii, paulo tamen latius. Casfv
neum, nitidum. Caput sublilius punctatum, punctis paucirj
grossis anticis, setisque nonnullis longis. Thorax latitudine
sesqui b'reviof, antice et postice truncatus, lateribus roturulatis,
versus basin levirer sinuatis, angulis posticis accurate rectis : disco
convexus, totus densius subtilissime punctatus : sparse, grosse

376 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcoptera.

punctatus, magis ad latera et basin : setis longis e punctis
orienlibus; impressionibus fare nullis ; basi cum angulis pos-
ticus subdepresso. Elytra thorace r>on latiora, striata, striis
MDpuactatis, modice profundis j stria rudimentali longiuscula :
inlerstitiis fere planis, grosse uniseriatim punctatis, punctis setis
longis instructis. Subtus dilutius castaneurn.

Subdivisio II. — Etirytrichini.

Hdrpalida.—p Hope.
Stennlophida. — p. Hope.

Corpus antice pa^lo angustatum.
Caput postice leyiter retractum.
Pai pi artieulo ultimo ovali, apice truncato.

Tarsi antici et intermedii 6* valde dilatati, subtus pube densis-
sima, brevi, erecta vestiti.

AMPHASIA. Newman.
HAHPALCS.—p. Dej.
OPHONUS.—p. auctorum.

1. f C in O r a t U s . Dej. Sp. Gen.

SCriceus. Harris. N. E. Farmer. Habitat in provin-
ciis mediis.

2. interstitialis. Say, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.

ob s c a r ip e :mi s . Dej. Sp. Gen.

fulvic Olli S. Newman Ent. Mag. Vol. V.

Errore qirodam 111. Dom. Newman "labipalporum articulum
apicalem in globo minimO desinire " dicit : in speciminibus omni-
bus a me vlsis, articulus ultimus palporum labialium ovalisest, et
subacutus, apico vix truncato, at paulo rotundato, artieulo ultimo
j I Iporum maxillarium omninosimilis. Descriptio ejus specifica
cum iusecto nostro exacte quadrat, pube brevi excepta, cum
qua Bpecimina nostra vestuntur. Seepe tamen inveniuntur pube
partim attrita.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 377

SPONGOPUS. nov. gen.
Corpus oblongum, depressum, alatum.
Caput mediocre, antice subacutum, oculis prominulis.
MandibuljE curvatfe, apice acutae.
Labrum subquadratum, iatitudine paulo brevius, antice emar-

ginatum, angulis rctundatis.
Mextum breve, concaviusculum, profunde emarginatum, medio

dente lato, obcuso, brevi, angulis anticis subacutis.
Maxillje subelongatae, apice incurvatae, acutae, intus sparse

ciliata?.
Lioula lonqra ancrnsta.
Palpi subelongati, tenuiusculi, articulo ultimo praecedentem

aequante, leviter ovali, fere cylindrico, apice paulo

attenuato, truncatoaue.
Antenna corpore duplo breviores, tenues, articulo l m0 cras-

siore ; 2 ndo reliquis duplo breviore, leviter obconico;

3'° reliquos aequante, parum obconico ; ultimo apice

rotundato.
Thorax subquadratus, postice angustatus, basi truncatus ; late-

ribus valde rotuudatus, margine depresso reflexo.
Elytra thorace latiora, apice sinuata, apice summo valde rotun-
dato, basi truncata; profunde striata.
Scutellum triangulare, mediocre.
Pedes crassiusculi.
Tiblb omnino sicut in Anisodactylo ; calcare terminali tibiarum

anticarum simplici, leviter curvato, gracili.
Tarsi $ antici, arlicido l mo triangulari antice truncato, leviter

dilatato ; 2 ndo , 3- 0f I uc sesqui latioribus triangularibus,

lateribus angulisquo rotundatis ; 4 to apice emargi-

nato ; omnibus subtus pube densissima brevi ves-

titis ; ultimo precedentes 2 longitudine ajquaute : 9

invisi.

-intermcdii minus dilatati, articulis sicut in anticis

formatis vestitisque.

.37 S Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

postici filiformes, articulis longitudine descrescenti-
bus, ultimo prsecedentes 2 ajquante.
Ungues simplices.
1. ' V orticalis. Niger nitidus ; thoracc margine reflcxo, ba-
sique punctato, angulis posticis obtusis non rotundaiis ;
elytris profunde striatis, int-rstitiis convex is, puncta-
ta ; mandibulis, macula que verticali rubris ; a7< ten-
nis, palpis, pedibusquc rufis. Long. - 5, lat. '2. Ha-
bitat ad Paterson Novas Caesarea% a Dom. Guex
benevole datus.
Oblongus, depressus, niger nitidus. Caput minute punctula-
tum, impressionibus frontalibus brevibus valde profundis ; sutura
transversa profunda : macula verticali subquadrata rubra, valde
distincta : mandibular rubrse, api.ee nigra. Palpi rufi. Antenna?.
rufae, articulo l mo pallidiore. Thorax capite duplo latior, lati-
tudine summa duplo brevior, antice leviter emarginatus, postice
angustatus, angulis posticis obtusis non rotundatis ; lateribus
valde rotundatus, basi truueatus ; margine late reflexo, cum
bast toto depreseo, dense punctato; impressionibus transversis
profundis, medio angulatis; line a longiludinali integra, profun
da ; basalibus latis Bubprofundis, Elytra planiuscula, parallela,
thorace latiora, apice oblique Binuata, apice suramo valde rotun-
dato : profunda striata, stria rudiment di longa recta : interstitiis
convexis, dense Bubtilius punctatis ; 3 10 unipunctato : serie punc-
toi um submafginali non intei i upta. Pectora punctata ; Begraenta
abdominis utrinque foveolata, obsoleteque punctata. Pedes rufi;
trochanteres saturations. Corporis forma Picsmum submargi-
natum Feronidarum revocat.

ANISODACTYLUS. Dej.
§ 1. Typicij tibiae anticsB calcare terminali basi
dilatato.
Species 3—7 summo aifinitate conjunctae, et descriptionibus
aui torum vix separandas sunt; in thoracis forma tamen valde <1!>-

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptcra. 379

tinctae, et primo fere aspeetu dignoscantur ; ad speciem quamque
descriptionem thoracis adjuuxi, ut levior sit inve^igandi labor.
1- discoid eus. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis me-
diis et australibus minus freqnens.

2. baltimorensis. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.

N. S. Dej. Sp. Gen.
St. Cruets? Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. Abundat ubique.

3. n 1 g r i t a . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis mediis.

A speciebus aliis nigra tboi ace postice magis retracto, Iateri-
bus levissime sinuatis, angulis posticis rectis, non rotundatis ;
autice posticeque dense subtilius punctato ; margine tenui de-
presso ; impressionibus transversis distinctis, anteiiore angulata;
linea longitudinali integra, basalibus oblongis profundis, tsepa-
randus.

4. interpunctatus. Kirby, F. B. A. Vol. IV. (Har-

palus.)

Specimen unicum ad Cataractam Niagaram, mense Maio
invenfiim.

Thorax latitudine sepqui brevior, antice posticeque leviter
angustatus, Iateribus aequaliter rotundatus, angulis posticis ob-
tusis non rotundalis, basi truueatus ; disco minus convexus, mar-
gine latiuseulo depresso, tenue punctato ; autice dense subtilius
punctatus; postice dense confluenter punctatus ; impressionibus
basalibus latis non profundis ; transversis fere nullis, longitudi-
nali integra ; elytra striata interstitiis convexis, dense minus
subtiliter punctatis.

5. agricola. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. (Har-

palus.): Dej. Sp. Gen.

Habitat in provinciis mediis et occidentalibns.
Thorax latitudine plus sesqui brevior, postice vix angustatus,
Iateribus sequaliter rotundatus ; angulis posticis obtusis, non
rotundatis ; disco minus convexus, antice subtilius, postice dense
punctatus : margine latiusculo depresso, punctato : impressio-
nibus transversis fere nullis ; linea longitudinali integra ; basa-

3S0 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

libus latis, subprofundis : Elytra striata interstitiis convexis,
oculo acute aimato subtilissime sparse punctatis.

6. * s t r i a t II s . X ; LS>r nitidvs, thorace quadrato, convcxiusculo,

latcrihun rotundato, marginv depresao toiui, angulh
posticis recti* non rotundatis: elytris stria t is, inter-
stitii.s convexis: antennarum art'uulo l mo , palpisque
Jerrugineis. Long. "56, lat. -2. Specimen unnm ad
Evansville, la. alterumqne ad Rocky Mountains legi.
S tat ura fere praecedentis ; niger, nitidus; Caput subtilissime
punctatum, impressionibus frontal ibus brevibus profundisque;
sutiira frontali profunda: labrutn profundius emarginatum.
Antenna nigro-picea?, articulo 1'"° ferrugineo; palpi ferruginei.
Thorax capite sesqui latior. latitudine sesqui brevior, antice
emai ginatus, angulis anticis rotundatis, lateribus magis rotunda-
tus, postice leviter angustatus, basi recte truncatus, angulis pos-
ticis rectie, non rotundatis ; disco convexiusculus, antice 6parse
tenue punctato; margine tenuiore depresso, punctata] basi
dense punctatus, punctis versus medium vix distinct is : impres-
sion) transversa anteriore arcuata; linea longitudinal] Integra,
basaUbus oblongis profundis. Elytra parallela, postice obtusa,
parum ainnata : prnfuiide striata; intcrslitUfl convexis, impunc-

-. 7'"" :ul apicem 3-punctato.

Ab A. nigrita, palpia fernigineis, thorace latiore, posti :e paulo
minus retracto, margiue depresso angustiore, impressione trana-
Don angulata, elytrorumque interstuiis impunctatia sepa-
randus.

7. laticollis. Kirby, F. B. A. (Ilarpalus.)

/// v 1 a n op u 8 . Hald. Proceed. Ac Nat. Sc. Vol. I.

Habitat in provinces n idiis minus frequens.
Thorax latitudine sesqui brevior, antice Ievissime anguatatus,
leviter emargiuatus, angulis anticis deflexis, rotundatis; basi
o cte truncatus, lateribus Bequaliter rotundatus, angulis posticis
parum obtusis, rotundatis; disco parum convexus, antice subti
lissime punctatus; margine deprefBO, BubtUitei punctato; im-

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoj>tera. 381

pressionibus transversis indistinctis, linea longitudinali integra,
basalibus latis non profundis, dense subtiliter punctatis, punctis
versus medium nonnunquam extendeutibus. Elytra apice
parum sinuata, stria 7 llia versus apicem punctis 2, vel 3 im-
pressis.

§ 2. * Triplectrus : tibiee anticae calcare terminali trifido,
lobis acutis : corpus ellipticum.

8- *rufipennis. Niger nitidus; ikora.ee quadrato, antice
suhangustato, lateribus late drpressis, cum basi punc-
tatis ; elytris rvfocastancis, margine iwfuscato, stria-
tis, interstitiis auSconvexis, iertio unipunctato. ant.cn-
narum articulo l mo subtus, palporumque apice rvfis.
Long. -53, lat. -2. Specimen unicum $ a Dom. Bre-
voort prope Brooklyn, insulas Longae NovEboraci
inventum, et amicissime datum.
Statura omnino sequentis, at thorace paulo convexiore, basi
distinctius punctato.

Niger nitidus ; caput obtusum laeve, impressionibus frontalibus
punctiformibus, sutura frontali tenui ; antenna nigro-piceae, arti-
culo l mo subtus ferrugineo : palpi nigro-picei, articulo ultimo,
penultimoque apice rufis. Thorax capite duplo latior, antice
paulo angustatus, emarginatus, angulis anticis rotundatis, lateri-
bus aequaliter rf)tundatus ; basi recte truncatus, angulis posticis
8ubrolundatis ; disco leviter convexus, antice subtilissime punc-
tatus striatusque ; margine valde depresso, versus basin cres-
cente, cum basi distinctius punctato : im pressionibus transversis
fere nullis, linea longitudinali tenui, integra, basalibus latis, rotun-
datis, subduplicibus. Elytra thorace non latiora, apice leviter
sinuata, apice ammo rotundato ; planiuscula, rufo-castanea,
nitida, versus marginem obsCUfata ; striata, interstitiis subcon-
vexis, stria rudimentali perlonga rectaquo: interstitio 3'° non-
nunquam unipunctato, 7 n '° ad apicem punctis 4-6 impressis.
Pedes nigri, tarsis anticis piceis.
9. carbonari US. Say. Trnns. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.
Kirby, F. B. A. Vol. IV.

382 Catalogue of the Geodepkagous Coleopte.ra.

I it C t ll O S H S . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat NovEboraci.

10. ^pinglliS-. Orahs crassus ; thorace quadrato, ant ice a n-

gustato, basi leviter cmarginafo, viarginc late, inJis-

tindeque dejiresso, cvm basi medio obsolete punctato

rugosoque; imprtssi nibus basal i bus indistinctis sparse

j unctatia ,■ elijtris interstitiis poetic. subconvcxis, alter-

natir.i ad apicem punetatis ; antennarum ba i j?al-

pisque apicc rufis. Long. -55, lat. 22. Habitat ad

Rocky M. util li.'S.

Sequentibus simillinaus at paulo conve:;ior.

Niger parum nitidus. Caput obtusum, impressionibus fronta-

libue punctiformibus, profundis, sutura frontali tenui. distincta;

palpi nigri apice summo rufo. Antenna; nigro-picea>, articulis 2

rufo-ferru'^ineis. Thorax capite plus duplo latior, latitiidino

summa duplo fere brevior, antice aDgustatus, profunde emargi-

natu^. basi leviter emargmato, angulis anticis rotundatis, lateri-

bas aequalitei rotunflatus atnpiiatusque, angalis posticis rectis ;

disco parum convexus, transverse leviter rugosus; margine veisus

basin cr< jcente, depresso, obsolete rugose-punctato ; impressio-

nibus traosversis parum distinct is, anteriore paulo augulafa,

linea longitudinali distincta . >nui, utrinque valde abbreviata, b;.sa-

libus obloogia non profundis, punctis paucis notatis, basi medio

irregulariter striatus, obsoletoque punctatus. fflytra tboraoi

arete conjoncta, postice Bubangustata, apice parura sinuata;

striata ; interstitiis leviter convexis, 3'°, 5*° et 7"" , versus apicem

serii- lncvi punctorum ; serie submarginuli medio non inteiTUpta,

punctis autem minoribus.

11. * C r 3 S S II S . Oralis, rrassus, viger, subnitidvs : thorace an-

toe angtutato, lateribus indistinctc depretsis, postiseque
eubexplanatit, linea longitudinali antice valde abbrevu
atajiasalilois ob/ongis. J'orea ant'ea inipressis; eli/tris
Btriatis inttrstitiisjerep/anit; pontine alternating pune-
tatis; anti ■iiiorii in ban, palpitqtte apice rufis. Long.
.17, lat. "19. Habitat NovEboraci minus frequens.

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera. 383

Sequentibus simillimus. Ovalis, crassus, niger, subnitidus.

Caput laeve, impn-ssionibus frontalibus parvis, vix distinctis,

punctiformibus, sutura frontal i tenuissima. Antennae obscurae,

basi rufae ; palpi apice summo rufi. Thorax capite plus duplo

latior, latitudine fere duplo brevior, autice angustatus, valde

emarginatus, angulis anticis rotundatis ; basi leviter emarginatus,

lateiibus aequaliter rotuudatus; disco minus convex us, margine

postice crescente late depresso-, versus angulos posticos leviter

explanato, punctis paucis obsoletissimis notato: impressionibus

transversis fere nullis, liuea longitudinali tenui, antice valde ab-

breviata, basalibus obtongis, modice profuudis, stria brevi antica

notatis. Elytra tburaci arete conjuncta, postice subangustata,

ad apicem leviter sinuata ; striata, interstitiis fere planis ; 3 10 ,

7 mo que postice punctis 5, 5 t0 punctis 2 impressis; serie submar-

ginali medio non interrupta, punctis subaequalibus.

12. *gra vidllS. Oralis, crassus, niger, parum nitidus ; tho-

rar.c antice angustato, fatcribus late, indistincte de-

prcssis; Unea longitudinali vixecidente, basalibus sv,b-

profundus, fovea antica impressis : elytris striatis,

interstitiis subconvcxis, 3 io 5 t0 7 m °que paulo elcvatis,

2>ostice seriatim punctatis : antennarum basi rvfo.

1 1 one. -52, lat. *2. Habitat NovEboraci, minus fre-
es F 7

quens.
Praeccdenti simiHimus, postice taraen paulo minus angustatus,
thoraceque postice vix explanato distinctus. Capiut laeve, im-
pressionibus fron;alibus punctiformibus, profuudis; sutura fron-
t'all distincta foveaque antica not;;turn. Palpi m'gri, apice
summo rufo : antennarum articulis 2 run's, reliquis nigro-piceis.
Thorax capite duplo latior, latitudiite fere duplo brevior, antice
mag : s angustatus, emarginatus : angulis anticis paulo minus
rotundatis: lateribus aequaliter rotuadatus, ampliatusque, basi
levissime emarginatus, angulis posticis rectis, non rotundatis;
margine late, in diHtincteque depresso, versus basin crescente;
impre.ssione transversa anteriore nulla, posteriore recta, linea
longitudinali tenuissima, vix evidenle, antice valde abbreviata,

3S4 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Colcoptera.

basalibus oblongis, modice profundis, striola autica notatis. Ely-
tra thoraci arete conjuncta, postice subangustata, ad apicem
leviter sinuata ; striata, interstitiis subconvexis, 3 10 5 to que parum
elevatis, dorso obsolete carinatis, 3 io , 5 l °, 7 mo que postice seria-
tim punctatis : serie submarginali medio non interrupta.

13. ill e r U 1 a . Germ. Ins. Nov. (Harpalus.) Dej. Sp. Gen.

Habitat in provinciis australibus.
Thorace antice minus angustato, ad latera obsoletius depresso,
elytris profundius striatis, interstitiis magis convexis, 8erieque
punctorum submarginali valde interrupta distinguendus.

14. rusticilS. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. Habitat

ubique.
Praecedenti simillimus ; thorace tamen antice multo magis
angustato, impressionibus basalibus paulo angustioribus, striola
obsoleta, subobliqua impressis, B'erieque elytrorum submarginali
non interrupta facile distinctus; interstitiis elytrorum nunc levi-
ter convexis, nunc fere plains.

15. * 1 1 i l)t i C U S. Ellipticus, depressua ; niger nit i Jus, tlw-

rarc. antice angustato, angulis posticis leviter rotun-
da/ is margine vix depresso, impressionibus basalibus
indistinctissimis, angusfis, sparse punctatis; elytris
interstitiis fere planis,3 io unipunctato, 5*°, 7 mo que pos-
tirc punctatis ; palpis antennarumque anticulis 2 rvfis.
Lung. 38, lat. 15o. Habitat NoviAureliani, a Horn.
Giicx benevolo datus.
Corpus Oodiforme. Depreasus, ellipticus, niger, nitidus.
Cajnit lsBVe, impressionibus frontalibus brevibus profundis, sutu-
ra frontali distincta. Antennas obscurae, articulis 2 rufis ; palpi
rufi. Thorax capita duplo latior, latitudine Besqui brevior, antico
angastatus, emarginatusque, basi leviter emarginatus; angulia
anticifl rotundatis, lateribua requaliter rotundatus, angulis posticis
obtusis, rotundatis; margine obsoletisaime depresso*; impressio-
nibuB tranaversia nullia, linea longitudinali tenuissima, utrinque
abbreviata, basahbus rectis, angustis, minima profundis, sparse

Catalogue of the Geodophagous Coleoptera. 385

punctatis. Elytra thorace non latiora, apice paulo sinuata; pro-
funde striata, interstitiis planis, 3 10 ad rrientem ab apice um-
punctato, 5 t0 ad apicem bipunctato, 7 mo punctis 5 vel 6 serie
dispositis : serie suhmai-ginali medio paulo interrupta. Pedes
nigri, tibiis antieis et intermediis rufo-piceis, tarsis nigro-piceis.
§ 3. * Aplocextrus ;t tibiae anticae calcare terminali sim-
plice ; palpis crassiusculis, articulo ultimo magis ovali. Cor-
pus vel ellipticum, vel oblongum.

16. CSeilUS. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II.: Dej. Sp. Gen.

Habitat NovEboraci minus frequens.
a. Piceo-subcoeruleus : a Dom. Brevoort benevole datus.

17. *Sub{eneilS. Ellipticus, nigro-piceus, nitore coeruleo mi-

cans ; thorace quadrato, antice angustato, later ibus
rotundatis ; angulis posticis rcctis, margine dcpresso,
hasalibus subprqfundis , punctatis ; elytris striatis,
interstitiis paulo convexis, 3 !0 unipunctato, antenna-
rum basi, palpisque rujis ; epipleuris, tibiis tarsisqvt
rufo-piceis. Long. *31, lat. '12. Habitat ad Brook-
lyn NovEboraci, a Dom. Brevoort amice datus
Ellipticus, nigro-piceus, nitore coeruleo irroratus. Caput
lasve, impressionibus frontalibus fossulaeformibus, cumque sutura
transversa distinctis. Mandibular piceee ; antenna fuscae, arti-
culis 3 rufis ; palpi rufi. Thorax capite plus duplo latior, lati-
tudine plus sesqui brevior ; antice angustatus, emarginatusque,
angulis antieis rotundatis ; lateribus rotundatus, basi truncatus,
angulis posticis rectis ; disco modice convexus, margine depres-
so, versus basin crescente, obsolete punctato, subpellucido ; basi
toto subtilius dense punctato ; impressionibus transversis dis-
tinctis, medio angulatis ; linea longitudinali tenui utrinque abbre-
viata, profunda ; basalibus oblongis punctatis, profundus, a m.ir-
giue discretis. Elytra ovalia, apice vix sinuata, margine
picescentia, striata, interstitiis paulo convexis, 3 10 postice uni-

t ctTAoof — simplex. xfvTjoy — spina.

386 Catalogue of the Gcodcphagoiis ( '<:leoptera.

punctato : serie submarginali punctonnn mm iiiterrupla: epi-
pleura; rufo-piceaa. Pedes nigro-picei, trbiia tursiscpie rufo-

piceis.

Pra?cedente convexior, forma elliptica, !i vali, tboraetilate-

ribus magis rotundatis, impression i bus profundioribus facile dio-
tingueiulus.
18. * obscurus. Ettipticus cenvcxiusculus, riiger, parvm
nitidus : thorace quadrato, untiv.e p&ruin n'ngusttttd,
lateribus modice rotundatis , postice suhforeiilato joveis
obsolete punctatis ; cli/tris tennc at rial is, inlei stilus
paulo convexis, 3'° unipunr.ta.to', antennarvm bast,
pedibusque rvjis : palpis "iceis. I>"i-, r . 27, hi. II.
Habitat in provincia M lasachusetts, a Dum. Harris
amice datus.
Ellipticus, convexiusculus, nigcr, parurn nitidns. Caput lave.
Palpi picei, antenna obscune, aiticulis 2 ba.salibus pallidiniiUis.
Thorax capite duplo latior, latitudinr summa sesqui brevinr,
antice paulo angustattis, leviler ertiarginatus, angulis aiiitcis
rotundatis j lateribus leviter rolundatus, ba»i reeie fere truiica-
tus, angulis poslicis rectis rotund ■ tis ; margine piecscente; im-
pressione transversa anteriore angubita disducia; linea Lungtit-
dinali tenui, utrinque abbreviata^ basalibua parvis ubiirii^is,
punctis paucis obsoletis. Elytra apice siuuata ; feline niara,
interstitiis leviter convexis, .'>'" unipttnctalu ; serie pum mm
submarginali non interrupta. Pedes nili
10. 1 uj tus. Pej. »Sp. Gen. Habitat in proyun us ausi i
20. lugubris. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Seleii'iphnms)
Specimina pluria ad cataract am Nivgaias mt*nse
<?, articulo basali taraorum anticorura parum d h
subtus dense breviter pilosis, papillia online in '

Anisodactylis congruit : tibiis ami. is calcar >■
cileque.

Catalogue of the Geodepliagous Coleoptera. 387

EURYTRICHUS. t nov. gen.

Corpus ovale, Calathum similans, alatum.

Caput mediocre, antice subobtusum, oculis majusculis promi-
nulis.

MandibuljE incurvatas, apice rotundatae.

Labrum quadratum, latitudine paulo brevius, angulis anticis
rotundatis.

Mentum breve, modice concavum, profunde emarginatum, me-
dio dente valido, obtusoque munitum ; angulis anticis
subacutis.

Maxilla, et Ligula invisas.

Palpi tenuiusculi ; labiales articulis sequalibus, maxillares arti-
culo 2 ndo longiore, crassioreque ; articulo ultimo
praacedente paulo longiore ; levissime ovali, apice
paulo truncato.

Antenna subelongatae, filiformes, articulo 2 ndo reliquis duplo
breviore ; reliquis aequalibus, l mo vix crassiore, ulti-
mo apice rotundato.

Thorax quadratus, antice paulo angustatus, postice truncatus.

Elytra ovalia, apice vix sinuata.

Scutellum parvum.

Pedes mediocres ; tibiae sicut in Harpalo ; calcare terminali
anticarum simplici.

Tarsi $ antici sicut in Spongopus, articulo l mo paulo latiore ;

$ intermedin minus dilatati, articulo l mo subtus non

pubescente, reliquis sicut in tarsis anticis ; postici

articulis longitudiue decrescentibus, ultimo praece-

dentes duos aequante.

Ungues simplices.

1. tcrminatUS. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. II. N. S.

J 1 nonnunquam nitore viridi-aeneo irroratus.
Habitat in Pennsylvania, et ad Rocky Mountains.

2. testaceus. Hald.Proc.Ac.Nat.Sc.Vol.il.

-j-jygvj — latus, 6gi| — pilis, quasi tarsis (J subtus dense pilosis.

383 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptcra.

Habitat in Pennsylvania, minus frequens, a Dom.
Melsheimer benevnle datus.

3. a& I H S'. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Harpalus.) Abundat in Georgia.

4. * n i t i d i p e n ll i S . Oblongus, afigustiusculus, obscure viri-

di-ameus, nitidus ; thorace quadrato, postice suban-
gustato, impressionc transversa anteriore, basalibusque
linearibus pfofundis ; elytris nitidissimis, striatis,
inter st it lis plants; antennarum basi,jiedibus palpisqus
rvfis. Long. *3, lat. 'II. Specimen unicum $ m
Georgia inventum.
Praecedentem refert, at angustior, et convexior.
Viridi-aeneus, nitidus, capite tboraceque obscurioribus. Cajml
laeve, impressionibus frontalibus punctiformibus. Antenna arti-
culis 3 basalibus rufo-testaceis, reliquis brunneo maculatis.
Palpi run. T/torax capite sesqui latior, latitudine summa sesqui
brevior, quadratus, antice posticeque truncatus, lateribus rotun-
datis, angnlis posticis obtusis, non rotundatis, vix explanatis;
disco convexiusculus, margine depresso ; impressione transversa
anteriore profunda, angulata, linea longitudinali tenui utrinque
abbreviata, basalibus linearibus. Elytra parallela, apice parum
6inuata, striata, interstitiis accurate planis ; 3 10 unipunctato ; serie
punctorum submarginali medio interrupta. Subtus niger, pedes
et trocbantercs run.

5. * 1) i C C 11 S . Oralis latiusculus, dej>ressus, piceus, nitidus, sub-

tus rvfo-piccus ; thorace quadrato, antice angustato,
marsme leviter depresso ; elytris tcnue-striatis, inter-
s/it/is plants i 3'" unipunctato ; ore rufo-piceo, anten-
narum basi,p>alpis, jiedibusque rvfis. Long. -41, lat.
•17. Specimen unicum $ NovEboraci inventum.
Pnecedentibus major, latior, et depressior.
Plceua nitidus, subtus totus rufo-piceus. Caput laeve, impres-
sionibus frontalibus punctiformibus, ore rufo-piceo. Antenna-.
rufo-piceee, basi rufae. Thorax capite duplo latior, latitudine
summa sesqui brevior, subqiiadratus, apice basique truncatus,
ami. c an-u.-.tatus, angulis anticis rotundatis, posticie rectis, non

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoplera. 389

srotundatis, lateribus rotundatus ; versus basin late depressus,
obsoletissime rugoso-punctatus ; impressione transversa anteriore
duplicata, posteriore recta; linea longitudinali vix distincta,
basalibus latis vix distinctis, cum linea recta longitudinali obso-
lete impressis. Elytra apice leviter sinuata, tenue-striata, inter-
stitiis planis, 3 io postice unipunctato, stria rudim niali longa ;
serie punctorum submarginali medio vix interrupta. E pi pleura
rufo-piceae. Pedes rufi.
6. dichrOUS. Dej. Sp. Gen. (Harpalus.)

tricolor. Say. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Vol. I V. Habi-
tat in provinciis mediis.

Subdivisio III. — HarpahnL

HarpalidcB. — p. Hope.
StenolophidcB. — p. Hope,
Corpus antice paulo angustatum.
Caput postice leviter retraetum.
Palpi articulo ultimo ovali, truncato plerisque ; in aliis apice

attenuato acuminafoque.
Tarsi antici et intermedii 6* plus minusve dilatati, sublux papil-
larum serie duplici dense vestiti.

SELENOPHORUS. Dej.

1. stiglTlOSUS. Germ. Ins. Nov. (Harpalus.)

impress US. Dej Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis
australibus.

2. * iripenilis. Ohlong?ts, depressus, niger, pcrnitidus; tlio-

raoe quadrato, angulis posticts obtusis, subrotundatis,
basi subtilitcr punctata ; clytris cyanco-micantibus,
versus marginem subtilitcr sparse punctatis ; striatis,
scriebus punctorum solitis distinctis : antennis, palpis,
pedibusque ferrugincis . Long. "38, lat. '15. Habitat
in Carolina, et NovEboraci minus frequens ; a Dom.
Willcox benevole datus.
Qblon^us, depressus, niger pcrnitidus. Caput valde obtusum,
iabro piceo ; irapressionibus frontalibus parvis, sutura transversa

390 Catalogue of the Gcodephagous Coleoptera.

distincta. Antenna jmlpique rufo-ferruginei. Thorax capite
paulo latior, latitudine fere sesqui brevioi*, quadratus, antice
paulo emarginatus, angulis anticis subacutis, lateribus modice
rotundatus, basi levissime emarginatus, angulis posticis obtusis,
subrotundatis : disco fere planus, subtiliter rugosus, antice pos-
ticeque striatus, tenuissime marginatus ; impressione transversa
anteriore arcuata, linea longitudinali utrinque paulo abbreviata,
basalibus latis, indistinctis, subtiliter punctatis. Elytra thorace
non latiora, apice parum sinuata, cyaneo-micantia ; versus mar-
ginem sparse punctata, striata, striis postice exaratis ; rudimen-
tali brevi distincta : interstitiis parum convexis, seriebus punc-
torum solitis distinctis : serie submarginali medio late inter-
rupta. Subtus niger, pedes, coxa3 et trochanteres ferruginei.

3. gagatinus. Dej. Sp. Gen.

;// aurilS . Hald. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I.
J) r O d HCt US . Mels, MSS. fide Harris.

Habitat in Pennsylvania et Massachusetts minus
frequens. Long. -29, lat. "11.
Niger, nitidus : caput laeve, labro, pal pis, antennisque pallide
piceis ; thorax latitudine paulo brevior, antice emarginatus, an-
gulis anticis rotundatis. lateribus modice rotundatus, basi recte
truncatus, angulis posticis obtusis leviter rotundatis ; disco sub-
planus, indistincte rugosus : impressione transversa anteriore
arcuata distincta, posteriore minus profunda, linea longitudinali
utrinque abbreviata, basalibus parvis rotundatis, non profundis,
parce subtilius punctatis ; elytra parallela, apice vix sinuata,
striis profundis, interstitiis planiu sculis ; seriebus punctorum
solitis satis distinctis ; stria 8 va postice excavata ; serie submar-
ginali punctis anticis indistinctis; femora nigro-picea, tibiae et
tarsi rufo-picei.

t. parallel US. Hald. Troc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. I.

Angustior, niger sulmitidus, antennis ]>aljri.squc jhiI-
lidc rufo-jriceis, thorace subquadrato, angulis j>osticis
rotundatis, basi leviter bisinuato ; clytris seriebus

Catalogue of the Geodephagous Colcoplera. 391

punctorum vix observandis. Long. - 29, lat. *10. Spe-
cimen unicum in Territorio Missouri ensi inveni ;
habitat etiam in Pennsylvania minus frequens. Mus.
Dom. Melsheimer.
Praecedente multo angustior, et magis para'ilelus. Niger,
subnitidus, caput leeve, impressionibus punctiformibus ; antenna
et palpi pallidi. Thor-ax latirudine paulo brevior, antice suban-
gustatus, emarginatus, angulis rotundatis ; lateribus modice
rotundatus, basi leviter emarginatus, bisinuatusque, angulis pos-
ticis obtusis, modice rotundatis; disco leviter convexus, trans-
verse rugosus ; margine versus angulos posticos anguste de-
presso punctatoque ; impressionibus transversis fere nullis, linea
longitudinali tenuissima, utrinque abbreviata, basalibus vix
distinctis; basi toto subtilissime striato punctatoque. Elytra
parallela, apice vix sinuata, striata, stria rudimentali longa dis-
tinctaque ; interstitiis basi fere planis, postice convexis ; seriebus
punctorum solitis fere obsoletis; serie marginali medio valde
interrupta: pedes nigro-picei, tibiis tarsisque minus obscuris.
5. *teiiebroSUS. Subelongatus, subconvexus, niger nitidus;
antennis palpisque ferrugineis ; tJwrace subquadrato
angulis posticis rotundatis, basi leviter bisinuato,
margine postice cxplanato ; elytris striatis, puncto-
rum seriebus solitis distinctis, j)edibus nigro-piceis.
Long. - 26, lat. "10. Habitat ad Rocky Mountains.
Praecedenti valde affinis, at magis convexus.
Niger nitidus ; caput laeve, impressionibus frontalibus puncti-
formibus ; labrum, antennae, palpique ferruginea. Thorax lati-
tudiue vix btevior, antice vix emarginatus, lateribus rotundatus,
angulis posticis ol>tusis, rotundatis, basi levissime bisinuato ; disco
subconvexus, rugosus, margine versus angulos posticos leviter
explanato, nonnunquam subtilius punctato, linea longitudinali
antice abbreviata, distincta ; impressione transversa anteriore
interdum modice distincta, arcuata ; basalibus nullis. Elytra
apice non sinuata, profunda striata, magis versus apicem, stria
rudimentali longa distinctaque ; interstitiis modice convexis,

392 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

Beriebus punctorum solitis satis distinctis; serie submarginali
medio late interrupt a. Pedes uigro-picei, tibiis tarsisque minus
obecuris.

6. :i varicolor. Niger, pemitidus, ore, antennis, pedibusque

testareis ; tkoracc lateribus valde rotundato, basi sub-
til iter punctata ; ehjtris cijanco-micantibvs, intcrstitiis
subplanis seriebus punctorum indistinctis. Long. *26,
lat. 11. Habitat in Pennsylvania et Georgia minus
frequens.
Oblongus, angustiusculus, niger, pernitidus. Caput laeve,.
impression ibus i'ere nullis, ore antennis palpisque rufb-testaceis
Thorax latitudine sesqui brevier, subquadratus, antice leviter
emarginatus, lateiibus valde rotundatus, postice leviter retrac-
tus, angulis posticis obtusis valde rotundatis, basi levissime emar-
ginatus; disco fere planus; impressionisms transversis fere
nullis, liuea longitudinali teimissima, integra ; basalibus latis,
minima profundis, subtiliter puuclatis. Elytra thorace vix
latiora, parallela, postice rotundata, viridi cyaneoque micantia,
striata, stria rudimentali longa distincta ; intcrstitiis subplanis,
seriebus punctorum solitis inconspicuis, serie submarginali medio
late interrupt a. Pedes rufo-testacei.

7. * v i r i (1 c s c c ll s . Oblongus, niger, obscure riridescens,

thorace auudmto, angulis posticis rotundatis, impres-

sionibus basalibus non profundi? ,■ dytris prqfunde

striatis, intcrstitiis contexts, seriebus punctorum solitis

fere obsulchs : ant< nnis, paljpis, tibiis, tarsisqve rufo-

piceis, Lpng. -.'5, lat. -11. Habitat ill Insula

Louga NovEboraci, a D<>m. Brevo.ort amice datus.

Habitus omiiiiio Eurytriclii nitidipennis. Oblongus, niger,

obscure viridesceua, pemitidus. Caput obtusum, impressionibus

frontal bus vi\ distinctis: antenna j>a/pii\ue rufo-picei. Thorax

capite duple latior, latitudine Besqui brevior, quadratus, apiee

vi\ fiiai'Miialo, basi fere rede truncate, lateribus rotundatus,

angulis posticis obtusis rotundatis : disco parura oonvexua, tenu-

iter margiuatOS ; imprcssionibus transversis fere nullis, linca

Catalogue of the Geodcphagous Coleoptera. 393

longitudinali postice paulo abbreviata, basalibus latis, minirae
profundis, obsolete punctatis, basi medio obsoletissime rugose
punctato. Elytra thorace non latiora, apice paulo sinuata, pro-
funde striata, striis postice profundioribus ; rudimenlali subelon-
gata ; interstitiis paulo convexis, seriebus punctorum solitis fere
obsoletis, vix distinctis : serie submarginali punctorum ocellato-
rum medio late interrupta. Subtus niger, femoribus nigro-piceis ;
trochanteres postici, tibiae, tarsique rufo-picei.

8. pedicularius. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat ubique minus

frequens.

9. troglodytes. Dej. ibid. Habitat ubique sat frequens.

PrEecedenti simillimus, thorace tamen ad latera minus rotun-
dato, basi minute rugoso, punctatoque, impressionibus basalibus
profundioribus, seriebusque punctorum multo distinction bus,
dignoscendus; in ambobus elytra versus marginem subtilissime
punctata sunt, pubeque rara, depressa, grisea vix conspicua ves-
tita.

10. * £E r e U S . Oblongus azneus nitidus ; thorace subquadrato, mar-

gine levitcr depresso, explanatoque, basalibus parvis,
parce subtillter punctatis, chjtris interstitiis levitcr
convexis, seriebus punctorum satis distinctis ; ant<n-
narum basi pedibusque ferrugineis. Long. "29, lat.
•98. Habitat in Territorio Missouriensi.
Oblongus aeneus, nitidus. Caput laeve, impressionibus fere
nullis. Antennce, obscurae, articulis duobus basalibus pallidis ;
palpi 7nandibulwque ferruginei, apice picei. Thorax subquad-
ratus, latitudine brevior, angulis anticis rotundatis, lateribus
modice rotundatus, basi fere recte truncatus, angulis posticis ob-
tusis leviter rotundatis ; disco subconvexus, margine versus
basin leviter explanato, punctis paucis indisJ inctis notato ; im-
pressionibus transversis nullis, linea longitudinali antice abbre-
viata, basalibus parvis, parce punctatis. Elytra thorace vix
latiora, parallela, apice leviter sinuata, apice dense subtiliter
punctata; striata, striis postice profundioribus, interstitiis leviter

394 Catalogue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera.

convexis, punctorum seriebus solitis distinctis ; stria rudimentali
brevi ; pedes ferruginei.

A prae cedentibus duobus thoracis margine distincte explanato,
elytrisque aj)ice distincte punctatis dignoscendus. Elytra (sicut
in illis) versus marginem subtilissime punctata, pubeque rara
brevi vestita sunt.

11. * J) 1 a 11 i p e 11 n i S . Nigro-aneus, nitidus ; thorace sub-

quadrato, margine postice explanato, punctatoque,
i/nj>rcssionibus basalibus parvis, subtiliter punctatis ;
elytris tenuc-striatis, intcrstitiis accurate plants, serie-
bus solitis ijidistinctis, intermedia evidentiore, pedibus,
antctmisque ferrugineis. Long. -20, lat. "09. Spe-
men unicum prope Long's Peak, Rocky Mountains,
legi.
Oblongus; Nigro-aaneus, nitidus. Caput laeve, sutiu-a fron-
tali distincta, punctoque prope labium utrinque impresso ; an-
tenna? palpique rufi. Thorax subquadratus, latitudine sesqui
brevior, antice non angustatus, apice basique truncatus, lateri-
bus rotundatus, angulis posticis obtusis minus rotundatis ; disco
Bubconvexus, margine versus angulos posticos explanato, punc-
tatoque ; impressionibus transversis, lineaque longitudinali fere
nullis; basalibus latis, indistinctis, subtiliter punctatis. Elytra
thorace vix latiora, parallela, vix sinuata, ad apicena margi-
nrmqiie punctata; tenue-striata, imerstitiis accurate planisj
serie punctorum interna vix distincta, secunda evidentiore.
Pedes fbrruginei.

12. o V a 1 i S. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinces australibus.
L3. e 111 Dtl C U S . Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in provinciis aus-
tralibus et ad Rocky Mountains.

14. p u 1 i c a r ins. J)»-j. ibid- Habitat cum priore.

15. gra liar ius. Dej. il>id. Habitat in provinciis austra-

libus.

Catalogue of the Geodep/iagous Cuhojdcra. 395

PANGUS. Ziegler.
1. caliginosus. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. Abiindat in provinciis
rnediis, occidentalilms, el austrahbus.

HARPALUS. Lat.

1. pennsylvanicus. DeGeer.

bicolor var. Dej. Sp. Gen. Habitat in pfovinciis
australihus.
A sequente, thorace ad basin marginemque aubtiliua cbnfertis-
sime punctata, impressiouibue basalibua rotundioribus profundi-
oribusque, cura margine minus confluentibus, interst^tiis elytrorum
4 to et 6 to punctatis, praecipue versus basin ; corporeque toto sub-
tus ferrugineo-flavo facile distinguendus.

2. bicolor. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth.: Dej. Sp. Gen. Abundat

ubique.

3. * c O m p a r . Oblongn , niger, nit dus thorace subquadrato,

marginato, margine versus basin non <lilat<tt<> <in±iv!is

postieis subobtusis, letit r explanatis, den ius subtiliter

punctata,;